Association of neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage and Life's Essential 8 in early pregnancy.

We examined whether neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage per the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was associated with maternal cardiovascular health (CVH) in early pregnancy per the American Heart Association Life's Essential 8 (LE8). This is a cross-sectional analysis from the prospective Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study-Monitoring Mothers-to-Be Heart Health Study (nuMoM2b-HHS) cohort. The exposure was the ADI in tertiles (T) from least (T1) to most (T3) socioeconomic disadvantage.

Radon Exposure and Gestational Diabetes.

Importance: Understanding environmental risk factors for gestational diabetes (GD) is crucial for developing preventive strategies and improving pregnancy outcomes.

Objective: To examine the association of county-level radon exposure with GD risk in pregnant individuals.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter, population-based cohort study used data from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-Be (nuMoM2b) cohort, which recruited nulliparous pregnant participants from 8 US clinical centers between October 2010 and September 2013.

Infographics: A Novel Approach to Improve Faculty-Preceptor Communication.

Background: Communication between preceptors and faculty and the time to teach have been identified as common barriers for preceptors working with nurse practitioner (NP) students. Despite traditional preceptor orientation strategies in school of nursing NP primary care programs, preceptors continued to express uncertainty and lack of clarity regarding the expectations of the precepted experience.

Method: Data to support this innovation were obtained through preceptor-faculty interactions through surveys, site visits, and focus groups examining the preceptor's experience with precepting.

The HSmacropa Series: Increasing the Chemical Softness of Hmacropa with Sulfur Atoms to Chelate Radiometals [Bi]Bi and [Pb]Pb for Radiopharmaceutical Applications.

The effects of replacing nitrogen with sulfur atoms in the 18-membered macrocycle of the Hmacropa chelator on the binding affinity and stability of "intermediate" (radio)metal [Pb]Pb and [Bi]Bi complexes are investigated. The 1,4,10,13-tetraoxo-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane backbone was replaced with derivatives containing sulfur in the 1,4- or the 1,4,10,13-positions to yield the novel chelators HSmacropa (NOS) and HSmacropa (NOS), respectively. Trends on the Pb- and Bi-complex stability constants, coordination chemistry, radiolabeling, and kinetic inertness were assessed via potentiometric titrations, UV-vis spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

From cyclotrons to chromatography and beyond: a guide to the production and purification of theranostic radiometals.

Recent clinical success with metal-based radiopharmaceuticals has sparked an interest in the potential of these drugs for personalized medicine. Although often overlooked, the success and global impact of nuclear medicine is contingent upon the purity and availability of medical isotopes, commonly referred to as radiometals. For nuclear medicine to reach its true potential and change patient lives, novel production and purification techniques that increase inventory of radiometals are desperately needed.

Effects of weaning and inactivated Lactobacillus helveticus supplementation on dairy calf behavioral and physiological indicators of affective state.

The objectives of this study were to determine if weaning would induce behavioral and physiological indicators of a negative affective state, and if supplementation of inactivated Lactobacillus helveticus (ILH) to dairy calves would reduce those indicators of negative affect during weaning. Male Holstein calves (n = 23) were enrolled in the study on d 1 of life. The calves were housed in individual pens in 1 of 4 rooms for the 42-d study.

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for Human Exposomics: Expanding Chemical Space Coverage.

In the modern "omics" era, measurement of the human exposome is a critical missing link between genetic drivers and disease outcomes. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), routinely used in proteomics and metabolomics, has emerged as a leading technology to broadly profile chemical exposure agents and related biomolecules for accurate mass measurement, high sensitivity, rapid data acquisition, and increased resolution of chemical space. Non-targeted approaches are increasingly accessible, supporting a shift from conventional hypothesis-driven, quantitation-centric targeted analyses toward data-driven, hypothesis-generating chemical exposome-wide profiling.

Program Directors' Perspectives on Residency Applications in the Post‒United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 Era: A Case for Standardized Letters of Recommendation?

Introduction: The United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 test evolved into a key metric utilized by program directors (PDs) in assessing candidates for residency. The transition to a USMLE Step 1 binary pass/fail scoring system has resulted in a loss of an important objective assessment. With national movements toward pass/fail systems for clerkship grading and trends toward abandonment of class ranking, assessing residency applications has become increasingly challenging.

Exposure to 4,4'-DDE in visceral adipose tissue and weight loss in adolescents from the Teen-LABS cohort.

Objective: Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), an obesogen accumulating in adipose tissue, is released into circulation with weight loss, although its impact is underexplored among adolescents. We tested the association using an integrative translational approach of epidemiological analysis among adolescents with obesity and in vitro measures exploring the impact of DDE on adipogenesis via preadipocytes.

Methods: We included 63 participants from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) cohort.

Incorporation of Carboxylate Pendant Arms into 18-Membered Macrocycles: Effects on [Pb]Pb(II) Complexation.

We present a detailed investigation on the coordination chemistry of [Pb]Pb(II) with chelators HPYTA and HCHX-PYTA. These chelators belong to the family of ligands derived from the 18-membered macrocyclic backbone PYAN and present varying degrees of rigidity due to the presence of either ethyl or cyclohexyl spacers. A complete study of the stable Pb(II) complexes is carried out via NMR, X-Ray crystallography, stability constant determination and computational studies.

Preceptor Boot Camp: Basic Training for Novice Preceptors.

Background: A clinical preceptor (CP) provides the vital link to apply didactic learning in clinical practice for nurse practitioner (NP) students. A nationwide shortage of CPs continues. The goal of this pilot project was to evaluate a model for developing preceptors from the school of nursing alumni that addressed modifiable academic barriers to precepting.

Tuning the Softness of the Pendant Arms and the Polyazamacrocyclic Backbone to Chelate the Pb/Pb Theranostic Pair.

A series of macrocyclic ligands were considered for the chelation of Pb: 1,4,7,10-tetrakis[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (DO4S), 1,4,7-tris[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (DO3S), 1,4,7-tris[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-10-acetamido-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (DO3SAm), 1,7-bis[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-4,10-diacetic acid (DO2A2S), 1,5,9-tris[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1,5,9-triazacyclododecane (TACD3S), 1,4,7,10-tetrakis[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1,4,7,10-tetrazacyclotridecane (TRI4S), and 1,4,8,11-tetrakis[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1,4,8,11-tetrazacyclotetradecane (TE4S). The equilibrium, the acid-mediated dissociation kinetics, and the structural properties of the Pb complexes formed by these chelators were examined by UV-Visible and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, combined with potentiometry and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The obtained results indicated that DO4S, DO3S, DO3SAm, and DO2A2S were able to efficiently chelate Pb and that the most suitable macrocyclic scaffold for Pb is 1,4,7,10-tetrazacyclododecane.

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Abnormal Birth Weight.

Objective: To examine whether exposure to community or neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage as measured by the ADI (Area Deprivation Index) is associated with risk of abnormal birth weight among nulliparous individuals with singleton gestations.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis from the prospective cohort NuMoM2b study (Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-To-Be). Participant addresses at cohort enrollment between 6 and 13 weeks of gestation were geocoded at the Census tract level and linked to the 2015 ADI.

Sub-wavelength effects in a free electron laser oscillator.

Previous simulation studies of cavity based free electron lasers (FELs) have utilised models which average the optical field in the FEL interaction over an integer number of radiation wavelengths. In this paper, two unaveraged simulation codes, OPC and Puffin, are combined to enable modelling, for the first time, of a cavity based FEL at the sub-wavelength scale. This enables modelling of effects such as coherent spontaneous emission from the electron beam and sub-wavelength cavity length detuning.

Femtosecond Polarization Shaping of Free-Electron Laser Pulses.

We demonstrate the generation of extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) free-electron laser (FEL) pulses with time-dependent polarization. To achieve polarization modulation on a femtosecond timescale, we combine two mutually delayed counterrotating circularly polarized subpulses from two cross-polarized undulators. The polarization profile of the pulses is probed by angle-resolved photoemission and above-threshold ionization of helium; the results agree with solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation.

Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and future Parkinson's disease risk: a European prospective cohort.

Introduction: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the outer membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS-binding protein (LBP) is an acute-phase reactant that mediates immune responses triggered by LPS and has been used as a blood marker for LPS. LBP has recently been indicated to be associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) in small-scale retrospective case-control studies.

Optimized production, purification, and radiolabeling of the Pb/Pb theranostic pair for nuclear medicine.

TRIUMF is one of the only laboratories in the world able to produce both lead-203 (Pb, t = 51.9 h) and Pb (t = 10.6 h) onsite via its 13 and 500 MeV cyclotrons, respectively.

Association of Living in a Food Desert and Poor Periconceptional Diet Quality in a Cohort of Nulliparous Pregnant Individuals.

Background: A poor diet can result from adverse social determinants of health and increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Objective: We aimed to assess, using data from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-Be prospective cohort, whether nulliparous pregnant individuals who lived in a food desert were more likely to experience poorer periconceptional diet quality compared with those who did not live in a food desert.

Methods: The exposure was living in a food desert based on a spatial overview of food access indicators by income and supermarket access per the Food Access Research Atlas.