Publications by authors named "McNamara S"

Background: Infertility is a prevalent issue worldwide. Current investigation of female pelvic infertility uses transabdominal laparoscopy, exposing patients to its associated risks. An alternative method is fertiloscopy, comprising hysteroscopy, tubal dye studies, and transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy (TVHL), falling under the broader category of VNOTES.

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Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) is commonly used to treat diverse infections, including those associated with cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary disease. Studies with found that SXT impairs tetrahydrofolate production, leading to DNA damage, stress response induction, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a process known as thymineless death (TLD). TLD survival can occur through the uptake of exogenous thymidine, countering the effects of SXT; however, a growing body of research has implicated central metabolism as another potentially important determinant of bacterial survival of SXT and other antibiotics.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study looked at how a whole foods diet (that means eating natural foods instead of processed ones) could help kids with cystic fibrosis (CF) who have tummy issues.
  • They tested 9 children aged 5-14, and found that while their weight didn't change, many of them felt better with less tummy pain and other symptoms.
  • The diet seemed safe and useful, but more research is needed to learn how it affects their gut health and the bacteria living in their intestines.
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Legacies can become intertwined, none more so than the body of work of Dr. Andrew Sharpley examining agricultural nutrient delivery to waterbodies and the phosphorus (P) accumulation in agricultural soils, or "legacy P." Although Sharpley's work focused on the anthropogenic influence on soil P, our study suggests soils of the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) represent a natural legacy with moderate levels of available P resulting from minimal anthropogenic input.

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This paper provides a comprehensive study of neutron calibration methodologies, specifically highlighting the capabilities for n-γ discrimination in diamond and EJ-309, and stilbene scintillation detectors. The calibration process detailed in this study includes pulse height analysis and pulse shape discrimination, relying on the analysis of charge deposition resulting from both γ and neutron interactions. Utilizing 60Co and 252Cf radiation sources, the energy spectra of these sources are obtained.

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Chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure occurs in several conditions associated with hypoventilation. The mechanisms underlying the development of chronic hypercapnia include a combination of processes that increase metabolic CO production, reduce minute ventilation (V'e), or increase dead space fraction (Vd/Vt). Fundamental to the pathophysiology is a mismatch between increased load and a reduction in the capacity of the respiratory pump to compensate.

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Article Synopsis
  • The increasing use of lenalidomide as a first-line treatment for multiple myeloma is leading to a rise in lenalidomide-refractory patients, which may reduce the effectiveness of future treatments.
  • A systematic review analyzed clinical trials and real-world studies involving adults with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma who were lenalidomide-refractory, showing that these patients experienced shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to the overall patient population.
  • The findings indicate suboptimal treatment outcomes for lenalidomide-refractory patients in both clinical trials and real-world settings, emphasizing the urgent need for improved treatment strategies for this group.
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  • The report highlights new modes of transmission for human monkeypox, specifically through sexual contact, as evidenced by a case involving an HIV-positive man.
  • The man's clinical symptoms included unusual skin lesions, such as widespread pustules, genital ulcers, and swollen lymph nodes in the groin area.
  • The findings support the idea that sexual contact may be a significant transmission route, prompting a call for further research on monkeypox infection in both men and women.
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Background: Belantamab mafodotin had single-agent activity in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, a finding that supports further evaluation of the agent in combination with standard-care therapies.

Methods: In this phase 3, open-label, randomized trial, we evaluated belantamab mafodotin, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (BVd), as compared with daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (DVd), in patients who had progression of multiple myeloma after at least one line of therapy. The primary end point was progression-free survival.

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Several institutional aspects within the U.S. public school system impede the delivery of adapted physical education (APE) services to disabled children, including a lack of understanding and prioritization of these services by the special education team and a lack of qualified APE professionals to deliver these services.

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Synthetic opioids have been associated globally with adverse effects in drug users. The nitazene group of drugs is a relatively new addition to the synthetic opioid class emerging in Europe in 2019. Some nitazenes have been shown to be more potent than fentanyl.

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Purpose: Superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome is a constellation of symptoms that results from partial or complete SVC obstruction. Endovascular SVC stenting is an effective treatment for SVC syndrome with rapid clinical efficacy and low risk of complications. In this study, we assess the technical and clinical outcomes of a cohort of patients with SVC syndrome treated with the Abre self-expanding venous stent (Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, MN, USA).

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(PA) is an opportunistic, frequently multidrug-resistant pathogen that can cause severe infections in hospitalized patients. Antibodies against the PA virulence factor, PcrV, protect from death and disease in a variety of animal models. However, clinical trials of PcrV-binding antibody-based products have thus far failed to demonstrate benefit.

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As applications of AI in medicine continue to expand, there is an increasing focus on integration into clinical practice. An underappreciated aspect of this clinical translation is where the AI fits into the clinical workflow, and in turn, the outputs generated by the AI to facilitate clinician interaction in this workflow. For instance, in the canonical use case of AI for medical image interpretation, the AI could prioritize cases before clinician review or even autonomously interpret the images without clinician review.

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Background: Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has emerged as an alternative genotyping tool for outbreak investigations in the healthcare setting. We describe the investigation and control of a New Delhi metallo-B-lactamase (NDM)-producing cluster in Southeast Michigan.

Methods: Michigan Bureau of Laboratories identified several closely related NDM-producing isolates with WGS.

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The paper uses inverted glancing angle deposition (I-GLAD) for creating antibacterial surfaces. Antibacterial surfaces are found in nature, such as on insect wings, eyes, and plant leaves. Since the bactericidal mechanism is purely physical for these surfaces, the antimicrobial resistance of bacteria to traditional chemical antibiotics can be overcome.

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Single-agent regorafenib is approved in Canada for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients who have failed previous lines of therapy. Identifying prognostic biomarkers is key to optimizing therapeutic strategies for these patients. In this clinical study (NCT01949194), we evaluated the safety and efficacy of single-agent regorafenib as a second-line therapy for mCRC patients who received it after failing first-line therapy with an oxaliplatin or irinotecan regimen with or without bevacizumab.

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There is an increasing demand for real-world data pertaining to the usage of cancer treatments, especially in settings where no standard treatment is specifically recommended. This study presents the first real-world analysis of third-line treatment patterns in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients in Canada. The purpose was to assess evolution of clinical practice and identify unmet needs in post-second-line therapy.

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Background: Older adults, especially minoritized racial-ethnic groups, are historically underrepresented in biomedical research. This study summarizes the development and assesses the impact of a review board involving a multisectoral group of stakeholders with the goal of increasing the diversity of older adults in biomedical research.

Methods: A 25-member board of community members, caregivers, researchers, and clinicians from Upstate New York reviewed 3 projects presented by researchers, clinician-scientists, and a pharmaceutical company between January and December 2022.

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