Perampanel for the treatment of epilepsy with genetic aetiology: Real-world evidence from the PERMIT Extension study.

Genetic factors contribute to the aetiology of epilepsy in >50% of cases, and information on the use of antiseizure medications in people with specific aetiologies will help guide treatment decisions. The PERMIT Extension study pooled data from two real-world studies (PERMIT and PROVE) to investigate the effectiveness and safety/tolerability of perampanel (PER) when used to treat people with focal and generalised epilepsy in everyday clinical practice. This post-hoc analysis of PERMIT Extension explored the use of PER when used to treat individuals presumed to have epilepsy with a genetic aetiology.

Feeling like the enemy: the emotion management and alienation of hospital doctors.

Introduction: Globally, an epidemic of psychological distress, burnout, and workforce attrition signify an acute deterioration in hospital doctors' relationship with their work-intensified by COVID-19. This deterioration is more complicated than individual responses to workplace stress, as it is heavily regulated by social, professional, and organizational structures. Moving past burnout as a discrete "outcome," we draw on theories of emotion management and alienation to analyze the strategies through which hospital doctors in the face of resource-constraints and psychological strain.

COVID-19 and healthcare worker mental well-being: Comparative case studies on interventions in six countries.

Healthcare worker (HCW) mental well-being has become a global public health priority as health systems seek to strengthen their resilience in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysing data from the Health System Response Monitor, we present six case studies (Denmark, Italy, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuania, Romania, and the United Kingdom) as a comparative review of policy interventions supporting HCW mental health during the pandemic. The results illustrate a wide range of interventions.

Introducing the First Distal Pharyngeal Airway.

Airway obstruction during anesthesia is a common occurrence with potentially serious outcomes. Increasingly, patients are older, heavier, and more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea-all heightened risk factors for airway complications. These patients undergo procedures where distal pharyngeal tissues can relax, obstructing the airway.

The impact of COVID-19 on mental health and well-being in critical care nurses - a longitudinal, qualitative study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had both a psychological and physiological effect on the human race. For those working in health care, particularly in critical care, the pandemic has put unprecedented strain on staff. Witnessing suffering during crisis in an organizational setting can be a traumatic experience and critical care nurses often risked, not only their own lives, but their psychological well-being, so that those infected with the virus might have a better chance at survival.

Perampanel for the treatment of people with idiopathic generalized epilepsy in clinical practice.

Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate perampanel (PER) when used under real-world conditions to treat people with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) included in the PERaMpanel pooled analysIs of effecTiveness and tolerability (PERMIT) study.

Methods: The multinational, retrospective, pooled analysis PERMIT explored the use of PER in people with focal and generalized epilepsy treated in clinical practice across 17 countries. This subgroup analysis included PERMIT participants with IGE.

Perampanel outcomes at different stages of treatment in people with focal and generalized epilepsy treated in clinical practice: Evidence from the PERMIT study.

Introduction: The PERMIT study is the largest pooled analysis of perampanel (PER) clinical practice data conducted to date.

Methods: This analysis of PERMIT investigated the effectiveness, safety and tolerability of PER when used as early add-on therapy (after failure of one or two previous antiseizure medications) in comparison with late add-on therapy (after failure of three or more previous antiseizure medications). Retention and effectiveness were assessed after 3, 6, and 12 months, and at the last visit (last observation carried forward).

Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of MUC1 Peptide Vaccine for Prevention of Recurrent Colorectal Adenoma.

Purpose: To assess whether MUC1 peptide vaccine produces an immune response and prevents subsequent colon adenoma formation.

Patients And Methods: Multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial in individuals age 40 to 70 with diagnosis of an advanced adenoma ≤1 year from randomization. Vaccine was administered at 0, 2, and 10 weeks with a booster injection at week 53.

Bioavailability of vitamin D biofortified pork meat: results of an acute human crossover study in healthy adults.

Vitamin D intakes are concerningly low. Food-based strategies are urgently warranted to increase vitamin D intakes and subsequently improve 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. This acute randomised three-way crossover study investigated the efficacy of vitamin D biofortified pork derived from pigs exposed to UVB light to increase serum 25(OH)D concentrations, compared to a dose-matched vitamin D supplement and control pork in adults ( = 14).

Improving vitamin D content in pork meat by UVB biofortification.

Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent worldwide and identification of alternative food-based strategies are urgently warranted. In two studies, 12-week old crossbred pigs (Duroc x (Large White x Landrace)) were exposed daily to narrowband UVB radiation for ∼10 weeks or control (no UVB exposure) until slaughter. In Study 1 (n = 48), pigs were exposed to UVB for 2 min and in Study 2 (n = 20), this duration was tripled to 6 min.

Perampanel for the treatment of patients with myoclonic seizures in clinical practice: Evidence from the PERMIT study.

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness, safety and tolerability of perampanel (PER) in treating myoclonic seizures in clinical practice, using data from the PERaMpanel pooled analysIs of effecTiveness and tolerability (PERMIT) study.

Methods: PERMIT was a pooled analysis of 44 real-world studies from 17 countries, in which patients with focal and generalised epilepsy were treated with PER. This post-hoc analysis included patients with myoclonic seizures at baseline.

Phase II trial of weekly erlotinib dosing to reduce duodenal polyp burden associated with familial adenomatous polyposis.

Importance: Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) are at markedly increased risk for duodenal adenomas and cancer. Combination sulindac and erlotinib was previously shown to reduce duodenal polyp burden but was associated with a relatively high adverse event (AE) rate.

Objective: To evaluate if a once weekly dosing schedule for erlotinib intervention improves the AE profile, while still providing efficacy with respect to reduced polyp burden, in participants with FAP.

The Effects of Ledeb, Bunge, and Roxb on Broiler Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Gastrointestinal Tract Microorganisms.

Poultry farming is growing globally, particularly in developing countries, to meet the demands of growing populations for poultry meat and eggs. This is likely to lead to an increase in the use of antibiotics in poultry feed, thus contributing to the development and spread of antibiotic resistance which, poses a serious threat to human and animal health worldwide. One way of reducing this threat is to reduce the use of antibiotics in poultry production by finding effective and sustainable antibiotic alternatives that can be used to support poultry health and productivity.

Efficacy of Treatment With Armodafinil for Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients With High-grade Glioma: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Nearly 96% of patients with high-grade glioma (HGG) report moderate-to-severe fatigue. Armodafinil is a psychostimulant that might help cancer-related fatigue in patients with HGG.

Objective: To determine whether armodafinil reduces fatigue in patients with HGG and moderate-to-severe fatigue.

Phase I double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of dolcanatide (SP-333) 27 mg to explore colorectal bioactivity in healthy volunteers.

Guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) is a tumor-suppressing receptor silenced by loss of expression of the luminocrine hormones guanylin and uroguanylin early in colorectal carcinogenesis. This observation suggests oral replacement with a GUCY2C agonist may be an effective targeted chemoprevention agent. Previous studies revealed that linaclotide, an oral GUCY2C agonist formulated for gastric release, did not persist to activate guanylyl cyclase signaling in the distal rectum.

PERMIT study: a global pooled analysis study of the effectiveness and tolerability of perampanel in routine clinical practice.

The PERaMpanel pooled analysIs of effecTiveness and tolerability (PERMIT) study was a pooled analysis of data from 44 real-world studies from 17 countries, in which people with epilepsy (PWE; focal and generalized) were treated with perampanel (PER). Retention and effectiveness were assessed after 3, 6, and 12 months, and at the last visit (last observation carried forward). Effectiveness assessments included 50% responder rate (≥ 50% reduction in seizure frequency from baseline) and seizure freedom rate (no seizures since at least the prior visit); in PWE with status epilepticus, response was defined as seizures under control.

Predictors of seizure freedom, response and retention after 12 months of treatment with eslicarbazepine acetate: A post-hoc analysis of the Euro-Esli study.

Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is a once-daily antiseizure medication (ASM) that is approved in Europe and the USA for the treatment of focal-onset seizures. The Euro-Esli study, which included over 2000 patients, investigated the real-world effectiveness, safety and tolerability of ESL when used in everyday clinical practice in Europe. This post-hoc analysis of Euro-Esli employed univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses to investigate the relationship between demographic and baseline characteristics (including epilepsy- and treatment-related factors) and the likelihood of seizure freedom, response and retention in adult patients with focal seizures after 12 months of ESL treatment in the real-world setting.

Randomized Trial of Scrambler Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Crossover Analysis.

Context: Preliminary trials report that Scrambler Therapy, a form of electroanalgesia, may improve discomfort from chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN).

Objective: The objective of this phase II, randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the efficacy of Scrambler therapy vs. transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in treating CIPN.

An exploratory study of the effects of strenuous exercise on markers of coagulation activation, circulating microparticles, and inflammation in sickle cell trait.

This exploratory study evaluated the effect of intense exercise on biomarkers of inflammation and coagulation activation in subjects with and without sickle cell trait (SCT). Fifteen healthy African American men (18-35 years, 5 SCT, 10 control) completed a strenuous exercise protocol. Microparticle-associated prothrombinase and tissue factor activities, as well as soluble VCAM, total white cell and monocyte count increased transiently in all subjects following exercise.

Toxicity and survival outcomes in older adults receiving concurrent or sequential chemoradiation for stage III non-small cell lung cancer in Alliance trials (Alliance A151812).

Introduction: Optimal treatment for older adults with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Here we hypothesized that sequential chemoradiation therapy (sCRT) is better tolerated than concurrent (cCRT) but confers acceptable efficacy. We evaluated these strategies in older adults utilizing Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology data.

Eslicarbazepine acetate in post-stroke epilepsy: Clinical practice evidence from Euro-Esli.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness and safety/tolerability of eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) in patients included in the Euro-Esli study who had focal seizures associated with post-stroke epilepsy (PSE).

Materials And Methods: Euro-Esli was a pooled analysis of 14 European clinical practice studies. Effectiveness assessments (evaluated after 3, 6 and 12 months of ESL treatment and at final follow-up ["last visit"]) included rates of response (≥50% seizure frequency reduction), seizure freedom (no seizures since at least the prior visit) and retention.

Antibacterial Activity of Four Plant Extracts Extracted from Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants against and subsp. serovar Enteritidis.

The worldwide ethnobotanical use of four investigated plants indicates antibacterial properties. The aim of this study was to screen and determine significant antibacterial activity of four plant extracts in vitro and in a poultry digest model. Using broth microdilution, the concentrations at which four plant extracts inhibited and over 24 hours was determined.

Airway Management for Deep Sedation: Current Practice, Limitations, and Needs as Identified by Clinical Observation and Survey Results.

Using deep sedation, adjunct airway devices such as oral or nasal airways are frequently required to maintain airway patency. Traditional oral airways (TOAs, made of rigid plastic) or nasal airways (made of pliable materials) can be associated with adverse effects, contributing to a trend of anesthesia providers placing nasal airways orally. A clinical observational study and an electronic provider survey were conducted to examine this emerging practice.

Safety, tolerability and effectiveness of transition to eslicarbazepine acetate from carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine in clinical practice.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) in patients transitioning from carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine to ESL in clinical practice, by analysing data from the Euro-Esli study.

Methods: Euro-Esli was a pooled analysis of 14 European clinical practice studies. Effectiveness assessments included responder rate (≥50 % seizure frequency reduction) and seizure freedom rate (seizure freedom at least since prior visit), assessed after 3, 6 and 12 months of ESL treatment, and at the last visit.

Scrambler therapy for chemotherapy neuropathy: a randomized phase II pilot trial.

Introduction: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a prominent clinical problem, with limited effective therapies. Preliminary non-randomized clinical trial data support that Scrambler Therapy is helpful in this situation.

Methods: Patients were eligible if they had CIPN symptoms for at least 3 months and CIPN-related tingling or pain at least 4/10 in severity during the week prior to registration.