Social inequalities in youth mental health in Canada, 2007-2022: a population-based repeated cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Rising concern surrounds youth mental health in Canada, with growing disparities between females and males. However, less is known about recent trends by other sociodemographic factors, including sexual orientation, ethnocultural background, and socioeconomic status.

Methods: This study analyzed data from 96 683 youths aged 15-24 who participated in the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) between 2007 and 2022.

Assessing the presence of rhinological surgery on social media: Factors influencing searches.

Objective: To evaluate the quality and engagement of rhinology-related educational videos shared by healthcare providers on Instagram.

Methods: The top 150 videos on Instagram for #SinusSurgeryEducation, #TurbinateReductionEducation, and #SeptoplastyEducation were selected. Videos were categorized by provider's specialty and analyzed for engagement metrics (likes, comments, shares, views), video duration, and hashtags.

Persistent sleep apnea after adenotonsillectomy in pediatric patients with head and neck burns.

Background: To determine if face, head, or neck burns increases risk of persistent sleep disordered breathing (SDB) or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after adenotonsillectomy.

Methods: The TriNetX database was used to gather data for patients who had face, head, or neck burn including mouth and pharynx and history of sleep study with adenotonsillectomy. A comparison of persistent SDB or OSA was done between cohort 1, a group with sleep study and adenotonsillectomy after burn injury, and cohort 2, a group with treatment before a burn.

Evaluation of Accuracy and Engagement of Otolaryngology Educational Videos on Instagram.

To examine the accuracy, engagement, and quality of otolaryngology-related educational videos produced by health care providers on Instagram. A systematic search on Instagram was conducted to identify the top 150 video posts using the hashtags #Otolaryngology, #Otolaryngologist, and #ENTeducation, ranging from September 2020 to January 2024. Posts not related to otolaryngology medical education were excluded from analysis.

M2 Macrophages are Major Mediators of Germline Risk of Endometriosis and Explain Pleiotropy with Comorbid Traits.

Endometriosis is a common gynecologic condition that causes chronic life-altering symptoms including pain, infertility, and elevated cancer risk. There is an urgent need for new non-hormonal targeted therapeutics to treat endometriosis, but until very recently, the cellular and molecular signatures of endometriotic lesions were undefined, severely hindering the development of clinical advances. Integrating inherited risk data from analyses of >450,000 individuals with ∼350,000 single cell transcriptomes from 21 patients, we uncover M2-macrophages as candidate drivers of disease susceptibility, and nominate IL1 signaling as a central hub impacted by germline genetic variation associated with endometriosis.

Otolaryngology Diagnoses at a Student-Run Community Clinic.

Purpose Compared to insured individuals who have established pathways for primary and specialist care, uninsured patients often delay seeking medical attention and are more likely to rely on emergency departments or community clinics for low-cost services. This study aims to identify the most prevalent otolaryngology (ENT) diagnoses at a free, student-run community clinic for uninsured patients. Additionally, it seeks to elucidate their management needs in order to inform strategies for enhancing support and care for this vulnerable population.

Analysis of Opioid Prescribing Trends Following Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy Before and After the 2021 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Opioid Prescribing Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Objective: To evaluate the trends in opioid and nonopioid prescribing for thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy before and after the publication of guidelines by the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in April 2021.

Study Design: Retrospective.

Setting: Eighty-three health care organizations in the United States that contribute to the TriNetX database.

Endometrial Cell-Type Specific Regulation of the Endocannabinoids System and the Impact of Menstrual Cycle and Endometriosis.

Anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol are endogenous agonists of the cannabinoid receptors and regulate and control many cellular functions. Their activities are governed by enzymes and proteins that regulate their synthesis, receptor binding, transport, and degradation, which are known as the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The aim of this study was to investigate the regulation of endocannabinoid activity in the endometrium by studying the RNA and protein expression of the ECS within endometrial cell types and during different menstrual cycle stages and the impact of endometriosis.

Generalizability of anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence estimates to the Montréal pediatric population: a comparison between two weighting methods.

Seroprevalence studies on SARS-CoV-2 infections have been often based on study populations with non-random and non-representative samples, limiting the generalizability of their results. In this study, we investigated the representativity and the generalizability of the baseline (collected from October 16th, 2020, to April 18th, 2021) estimate of a pediatric seroprevalence study based in Montréal. We compared the change in the estimates of seroprevalence for two different weighting methods: marginal standardization and raking.

Cost-Effectiveness of Topical Prophylaxis Against Tympanostomy Tube Otorrhea: An Economic Decision Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of various topical prophylaxis strategies against posttympanostomy otorrhea using a break-even analysis.

Study Design: An economic decision analysis of data collected from purchasing records and the literature.

Setting: An academic center.

Denosumab-Induced Maxillary Osteonecrosis: A Case Study on Long-Term Complications in Multiple Myeloma Treatment.

Targeted therapies like denosumab have revolutionized multiple myeloma (MM) treatment, improved patient outcomes while introducing long-term complications. This study explores a rare instance of delayed maxillary osteonecrosis post-denosumab therapy, delving into its pathophysiology and management. A 40-year-old male MM patient who developed a painful palatal lesion post denosumab treatment and diagnosed of maxillary osteonecrosis by computed tomography scan and surgical biopsy is presented.

Bluetooth Noise-Canceling Headphones Improve the Quality of Ophthalmic Exams in Patients With Hearing Loss: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: This study tests the utilization of Bluetooth noise-canceling headphones in improving the quality of eye exams in patients with hearing loss. This prospective study was approved on ethical standards by the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) Institutional Review Board (Approval No. 22-0079) and registered with the National Institutes of Health (NCT05420038).

Exploring Side Effects of Sublingual Immunotherapy: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has emerged as a potentially safe and convenient option for allergen immunotherapy for patients with inhalant allergy. Larger studies on the overall side effects and severe reactions anaphylaxis are still lacking. Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Risk of COVID-19 in pediatric population and the effects of COVID-19 vaccination: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Prior studies have demonstrated the adverse effects of upper respiratory infections on the pediatric population, such as increased risk for acute otitis media (AOM). Other studies have noted decreased otitis media complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic. This project aims to identify whether individuals who tested positive for COVID-19 at the Emergency Department (ED) visit had an increased risk of developing severe complications.

Surgical Management of a Large Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma in the Supraclavicular Fossa: A Case Report.

Liposarcomas originating in the supraclavicular fossa are exceptionally rare, with only a few documented cases in the medical literature. We present a unique case involving a remarkably large indolent, atypical lipomatous tumor or well-differentiated liposarcoma situated in the right supraclavicular region, measuring 18 cm × 18 cm × 17 cm. To our knowledge, this represents the largest liposarcoma found in the supraclavicular fossa reported in the literature.

Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes Among Adolescent Females During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background And Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) posed a significant threat to adolescents' sexual and reproductive health. In this study, we examined population-level pregnancy and sexual health-related care utilization among adolescent females in Ontario, Canada during the pandemic and evaluated relationships between these outcomes and key sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods: This was a population-based, repeated cross-sectional study of >630 000 female adolescents (12-19 years) during the prepandemic (January 1, 2018-February 29, 2020) and COVID-19 pandemic (March 1, 2020-December 31, 2022) periods.

Familial psychosocial impact of cochlear implantation.

Background: Adult cochlear implantation rates are increasing, and the resulting change in hearing capabilities has vast impacts in the psychosocial domain of life for the cochlear implant users and their families. However, there is currently no published evidence synthesis of the ways in which adult cochlear implantation affects the psychosocial sphere of the family unit.

Objective: (1) Describe the existing literature on the psychosocial impact of cochlear implantation on adults.

An Investigation of the Impact of Expanding High-Deductible Health Plans on Patient Decision for Cochlear Implant Surgery and Postoperative Outcomes.

Hypothesis: After the expansion of high deductibles, patients will delay cochlear implant (CI) surgery to the end of the year, and the risk of postoperative known risks will increase.

Background: The Affordable Care Act was associated with increased enrollment in high-deductible health plans (HDHPs), which resulted in rising health insurance deductibles. Health insurance plans can cover a patient's cost of healthcare once the deductible is met.

Gene expression profiles separate endometriosis lesion subtypes and indicate a sensitivity of endometrioma to estrogen suppressive treatments through elevated ESR2 expression.

Background: Endometriosis is a common, gynaecological disease characterised by the presence of endometrial-like cells growing outside the uterus. Lesions appear at multiple locations, present with variation in appearance, size and depth of invasion. Despite hormones being the recommended first-line treatment, their efficacy, success and side effects vary widely amongst study populations.

First Measurement of Hard Exclusive π^{-}Δ^{++} Electroproduction Beam-Spin Asymmetries off the Proton.

The polarized cross-section ratio σ_{LT^{'}}/σ_{0} from hard exclusive π^{-}Δ^{++} electroproduction off an unpolarized hydrogen target has been extracted based on beam-spin asymmetry measurements using a 10.2  GeV/10.6  GeV incident electron beam and the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab.