Identifying the most effective acute stress induction methods for producing SAM- and HPA-related physiological responses: a meta-analysis.

Background And Objectives: Laboratory-based stress inductions are commonly used to elicit acute stress but vary widely in their procedures and effectiveness. We compared the effects of stress induction techniques on measures of two major biological stress systems: the early sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) and the delayed hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response.

Design: A review and meta-analysis to examine the relationship between stress induction techniques on cardiorespiratory and salivary measures of SAM and HPA system activity.

Healthcare Professionals' Responses to Complaints: A Qualitative Interview Study With Patients, Carers and Healthcare Professionals Using the Theoretical Domains Framework and COM-B Model.

Background: Patient complaints in healthcare settings can provide feedback for monitoring and improving healthcare services. Behavioural responses to complaints (e.g.

Exploring how to widen the acceptability of public health interventions: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Health interventions that require significant change to individual lifestyles or social norms can pose a challenge for widespread public acceptability and uptake. At the same time, over the last two decades, there has been increasing attention paid to the rise of populist movements globally, defined by 'the people' pushing against 'an elite' viewed as depriving the people of their sovereignty. To understand potential overlap in these two areas, this study aims to synthesise existing international evidence on linkages between populist attitudes and reduced uptake, acceptability, adherence and/or effectiveness of public health interventions.

Understanding healthcare professionals' responses to patient complaints in secondary and tertiary care in the UK: A systematic review and behavioural analysis using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Background: The path of a complaint and patient satisfaction with complaint resolution is often dependent on the responses of healthcare professionals (HCPs). It is therefore important to understand the influences shaping HCP behaviour. This systematic review aimed to (1) identify the key actors, behaviours and factors influencing HCPs' responses to complaints, and (2) apply behavioural science frameworks to classify these influences and provide recommendations for more effective complaints handling behaviours.

Feasibility of Concussion Essentials: A multimodal intervention for persisting post-concussion symptoms among children and adolescents.

This study examined the feasibility of "Concussion Essentials" (CE), an individualized, multimodal intervention for persisting post-concussion symptoms (pPCS). Thirteen 6-18 year-olds with pPCS at 1-month post-concussion, as determined by the Post Concussion Symptom Inventory - Parent Report (PCSI-P), completed education, physiotherapy, and psychology modules, for up to 8-weeks or until pPCS resolved. Intervention participants were matched to a longitudinal observational cohort who received usual care (n = 13).

Developing feasible person-centred care alternatives to emergency department responses for adults with epilepsy: a discrete choice analysis mixed-methods study.

Background: Calls have been made for paramedics to have some form of care pathway that they could use to safely divert adults with epilepsy away from emergency departments and instigate ambulatory care improvements. Different configurations are possible. To know which to prioritise for implementation/evaluation, there is a need to determine which are acceptable to service users and likely National Health Service-feasible.

The impact of UK social distancing guidance on the ability to access support and the health and wellbeing of disabled people during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative exploration.

Background: The sudden introduction of social distancing measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant lifestyle changes for the UK population. People living with physical disabilities were deemed to be at greater risk of complications following COVID-19 infection and were subjected to stricter social distancing guidelines. But gaps remain in our understanding of how the COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions affected the ability to access support, health and wellbeing of people with physical disabilities.

Developing an alternative care pathway for emergency ambulance responses for adults with epilepsy: A Discrete Choice Experiment to understand which configuration service users prefer. Part of the COLLABORATE project.

Introduction: To identify service users' preferences for an alternative care pathway for adults with epilepsy presenting to the ambulance service.

Methods: Extensive formative work (qualitative, survey and knowledge exchange) informed the design of a stated preference discrete choice experiment (DCE). This hypothetical survey was hosted online and consisted of 12 binary choices of alternative care pathways described in terms of: the paramedic's access to medical records/ 'care plan', what happens next (described in terms of conveyance), time, availability of epilepsy specialists today, general practitioner (GP) notification and future contact with epilepsy specialists.

Further recommendations of the International Paediatric Brain Injury Society (IPBIS) for the post-acute rehabilitation of children with acquired brain injury.

Background: Paediatric acquired brain injury is a life-long condition which impacts on all facets of the individual's lived experience. The existing evidence base continues to expand and new fields of enquiry are established as clinicians and researchers uncover the extent of these impacts.

Primary Objective: To add to recommendations described in the International Paediatric Brain Injury Society's 2016 paper on post-acute care for children with acquired brain injury and highlight new areas of enquiry.

Sequence and epigenetic landscapes of active and silent nucleolus organizer regions in .

has two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene loci, nucleolus organizer regions and , whose complete sequences are missing in current genome assemblies. Ultralong DNA sequences assembled using an unconventional approach yielded ~5.5- and 3.

Post-Concussive Symptoms in Preschool Children up to Three Months Post-Injury.

Background And Aims: Post-concussive symptoms (PCS) are central to the assessment and management of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI); however, this remains poorly understood in children aged ≤5 years. The study aimed to explore individual PCS, pattern of parents' PCS report over time, proportion of symptomatic children, and variables associated with parents' report of PCS in their preschool child after a mTBI.

Methods: Children aged 2-5 years with either a mTBI (n=13) or limb injury (n=6) were recruited from the emergency department (ED).

Behaviour outcomes three months after mild TBI in preschool children.

This study examined parents' report of behaviour in preschoolers after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), compared the proportion of preschoolers with elevated behaviour ratings between the mTBI and limb injury (LI) groups, and explored injury, premorbid child, and parent variables that may be associated with parents' report of behaviour at three months post-injury. Children aged 2-5 years with a mTBI (= 13) or mild LI (= 6) were recruited from the emergency department. Behaviour was assessed using the Child Behaviour Checklist.

Reaching for the off switch in nucleolar dominance.

Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) are eukaryotic chromosomal loci where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes are clustered, typically in hundreds to thousands of copies. Transcription of these rRNA genes by RNA polymerase I and processing of their transcripts results in the formation of the nucleolus, the sub-nuclear domain in which ribosomes are assembled. Approximately 90 years ago, cytogenetic observations revealed that NORs inherited from the different parents of an interspecific hybrid sometimes differ in morphology at metaphase.

Lost to follow-up: Post-operative polysomnography in at-risk, pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: Analyze adherence to AASM recommendations for post-operative polysomnography in eligible pediatric patients.

Study Design: Retrospective Cohort.

Setting: Tertiary, Outpatient Sleep Lab.

Complete Genome Sequence of Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA0092 and Corrections to the R. palustris CGA009 Genome Sequence.

Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 is a versatile model purple nonsulfur bacterium used for both fundamental and applied research. Here, we present a new genome sequence for the derivative strain CGA0092. We further present an improved CGA009 genome assembly that differs from the original CGA009 sequence at three positions.

Upper Airway Stimulation Therapy Effect on Blood Pressure.

Objective: Upper airway stimulation (UAS) therapy has become increasingly utilized to treat obstructive sleep apnea, which is an independent risk factor for the development of hypertension. This study examines the impact of this therapy on blood pressure (BP).

Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional cohort study.

How did female survivors of abuse use the arts to support their mental health and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic? A qualitative exploration of their views.

Background: Gender-based violence is an important public health issue that has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Survivors often face barriers when seeking support for mental health and wellbeing and some find therapeutic value in creative arts. We aimed to explore how women with experiences of abuse used art during the pandemic to support mental health and wellbeing.

What is the current provision of service for gastrostomy insertion in England?

Background: Significant morbidity and mortality can be associated with gastrostomy insertion, likely influenced by patient selection, indication and aftercare. We aimed to establish what current variation in practice exists and how this has improved by comparison to our previously published British Society of Gastroenterology survey of 2010.

Methods: We approached all National Health Service (NHS) hospitals in England (n=198).

A qualitative study of positive psychological experiences and helpful coping behaviours among young people and older adults in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic.

While much research has focused on challenges that younger and older people have faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, little attention has been given to the capacity for resilience among these groups. We therefore explored positive psychological experiences and coping behaviours that protected mental health and well-being. Participants were 40 young people (aged 13-24) and 28 older adults (aged 70+) living in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Australian and New Zealand brain injury lifespan cohort protocol: Leveraging common data elements to characterise longitudinal outcome and recovery.

Introduction: Cognitive, behavioural, academic, mental health and social impairments are common following paediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, studies are often reliant on small samples of children drawn from narrow age bands, and employ highly variable methodologies, which make it challenging to generalise existing research findings and understand the lifetime history of TBI.

Method And Analysis: This study will synthesise common data sets from national (Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland) and international (New Zealand) collaborators, such that common data elements from multiple cohorts recruited from these four sites will be extracted and harmonised.

How did UK social distancing restrictions affect the lives of women experiencing intimate partner violence during the COVID-19 pandemic? A qualitative exploration of survivor views.

Background: Increased numbers of domestic abuse cases were reported at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many people experiencing abuse faced barriers to seeking support with service closures affecting the sector. Available evidence suggests women are overrepresented in the reported cases of intimate partner violence (IPV) and we aimed to learn more about how their lives were impacted by social distancing restrictions.

Determination of the nonlinear thermo-optic coefficient of silicon nitride and oxide using an effective index method.

There is little literature characterizing the temperature-dependent thermo-optic coefficient (TOC) for low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) silicon nitride or plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) silicon dioxide at temperatures above 300 K. In this study, we characterize these material TOC's from approximately 300-460 K, yielding values of (2.51 ± 0.

Post-traumatic stress disorder interventions for children and adolescents affected by war in low- and middle-income countries in the Middle East: systematic review.

Background: Millions of children and adolescents are exposed to wars, affecting their psychological well-being. This review focuses on psychosocial interventions in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) in the Middle East, where mental health services are limited.

Aims: Our primary aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of trial-assessed psychosocial interventions in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in children and adolescents aged ≤18 years who were exposed to war in LMICs in the Middle East.