A unique variation of the jugular veins and its clinical significance.

The authors report a rare variation of the anterior jugular and internal jugular veins in a 78-year-old male donor. An enlarged and curved left anterior jugular vein (AJV) was formed as the continuation of the left common facial vein (CFV). The left AJV's diameter was wider than the internal jugular vein (IJV) and measured around 5 mm greater than the IJV's diameter and a channel connected the two veins.

Outcomes of a Vial-Sparing Antithrombin III Protocol in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Exogenous antithrombin III (AT3) may be administered to pediatric patients supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to achieve a greater systemic response to heparin. Antithrombin III administration and dosing practices vary between ECMO centers. This study compared the outcomes of two different AT3 replacement protocols used by a single pediatric ECMO center for 47 patients between December 2013 and August 2021.

Valproic Acid Serum Concentration and Incidence of Toxicity in Pediatric Patients.

In certain pediatric patients on valproic acid, therapeutic range (50-100 μg/mL) is maximized or exceeded to achieve better seizure control. This study compared incidence of common valproic acid adverse effects (thrombocytopenia, hepatotoxicity, and hyperammonemia) across maintenance concentration and age group. One hundred twenty-four children on maintenance valproic acid between January 2013 and January 2021 were eligible for inclusion.

Incidence of nephrotoxicity with prolonged aminoglycoside exposure in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, often require repeated aminoglycoside courses for the management of acute pulmonary exacerbations (APEs). Acute kidney injury (AKI) due to aminoglycosides has been reported; little data exist regarding long-term nephrotoxicity with repeated exposure. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence of acute and chronic nephrotoxicity due to cumulative intravenous (IV) aminoglycoside exposure.