Point stresses during reproductive stage rather than warming seasonal temperature determine yield in temperate rice.

Climate change is predicted to shift temperature regimes in most agricultural areas with temperature changes expected to impact yields of most crops, including rice. These temperature-driven effects can be classified into point stresses, where a temperature event during a sensitive stage drives a reduction in yield, or seasonal warming losses, where raised temperature is thought to increase maintenance energy demands and thereby decrease available resources for yield formation. Simultaneous estimation of the magnitude of each temperature effect on yield has not been well documented due to the inherent difficulty in separating their effects.

Structural Heart Disease Intervention: The Canadian Landscape.

Cardiovascular disease encompasses coronary artery disease and valvular heart disease, and the prevalence of both increases with age. Over the past decade, the landscape of interventional cardiology has evolved to encompass a new set of percutaneous procedures outside the coronary tree, including transcatheter aortic valve implantation, transcatheter mitral valve repair, and left atrial appendage occlusion. These interventions have sparked a new discipline within interventional cardiology referred to as structural heart disease (SHD) intervention.

Changing hands: persistent alterations to body image following brief exposure to multisensory distortions.

The dynamic flexibility of body representation has been highlighted through numerous lines of research that range from clinical studies reporting disorders of body ownership, to experimentally induced somatic illusions that have provided evidence for the embodiment of manipulated representations and even fake limbs. While most studies have reported that enlargement of body parts alters somatic perception, and that these can be more readily embodied, shrunken body parts have not been found to consistently alter somatic experiences, perhaps due to reduced feelings of ownership over smaller body parts. Over two experiments, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms responsible for altered somatic representations following exposure to both enlarged and shrunken body parts.

Fragmented inclusion: Community participation and lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer people with diagnoses of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Community participation is often cited as a crucial component of wellness for people with mental health diagnoses. Few studies explore community participation from the perspective of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer (LGBTQ) people with diagnoses of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. This article describes an in-depth qualitative study with 16 LGBTQ people; 18 social service workers; and 2 key informants in Toronto, Ontario that examined access to communities for LGBTQ people with mental health diagnoses.

Understanding perceptions of community participation in persons with severe mental illness: A mixed-methods approach.

Objectives: This study aims to measure community participation in persons with severe mental illness (SMI) in Toronto, Ontario and outlines a methodological approach for understanding the dimensions of community participation.

Methods: A mixed methods approach was used to define activity spaces through participatory mapping and a qualitative survey interview for participants (N = 31), selected through a stratified purposeful sampling strategy. Five neighbourhoods in Toronto were sampled in an attempt to obtain an ethnically diverse sample.

Common Factors in Community Mental Health Intervention: A Scoping Review.

While there is considerable research and commentary devoted to common factors in psychotherapy, their implications for community mental health interventions are much less clear. In response, a scoping review was conducted to answer the question, 'What is the evidence base for common factors in community mental health intervention?' A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar was completed. A total of 60 publications were identified in this review with a focus primarily upon therapeutic alliance.

Incentives and disincentives for treating of depression and anxiety in Ontario Family Health Teams: protocol for a grounded theory study.

Introduction: There is strong consensus that prevention and management of common mental disorders (CMDs) should occur in primary care and evidence suggests that treatment of CMDs in these settings can be effective. New interprofessional team-based models of primary care have emerged that are intended to address problems of quality and access to mental health services, yet many people continue to struggle to access care for CMDs in these settings. Insufficient attention directed towards the incentives and disincentives that influence care for CMDs in primary care, and especially in interprofessional team-based settings, may have resulted in missed opportunities to improve care quality and control healthcare costs.

'…it shows that there's no limits': the psychological impact of co-production for experts by experience working in youth mental health.

Co-production is commonly conceptualised as a more equal sharing of power and decision-making between a dichotomy of service user and service provider, each bringing valuable and different assets to the process. Experts by experience lie in the overlap between this conceptually created duality, providing the services they now do by virtue of having once used services themselves. Previous related studies suggest that their involvement in co-production could impact positively on their social capital, self-esteem, self-efficacy and life skills.

Elevated Striatal Dopamine Function in Immigrants and Their Children: A Risk Mechanism for Psychosis.

Migration is a major risk factor for schizophrenia but the neurochemical processes involved are unknown. One candidate mechanism is through elevations in striatal dopamine synthesis and release. The objective of this research was to determine whether striatal dopamine function is elevated in immigrants compared to nonimmigrants and the relationship with psychosis.

Burden of common mental disorders in a community health centre sample.

Objective: To examine the rates of common mental disorders (CMDs) such as depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and alcohol use in an urban community health care centre (CHC) serving vulnerable immigrant and ethnoracial communities in order to improve knowledge on the rates of CMDs specific to these groups accessing primary care settings.

Design: English or Spanish, self-administered, tablet-based survey known as the Interactive Computer-Assisted Client Assessment Survey (iCCAS).

Setting: Access Alliance Multicultural Health and Community Services CHC in Toronto, Ont.

The effectiveness of a Housing First adaptation for ethnic minority groups: findings of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial.

Background: Little is known about the effectiveness of Housing First (HF) among ethnic minority groups, despite its growing popularity for homeless adults experiencing mental illness. This randomized controlled trial tests the effectiveness of a HF program using rent supplements and intensive case management, enhanced by anti-racism and anti-oppression practices for homeless adults with mental illness from diverse ethnic minority backgrounds.

Methods: This unblinded pragmatic field trial was carried out in community settings in Toronto, Canada.

Frailty and Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: a Scoping Review.

Background: Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are both living longer than in previous generations and experiencing premature aging. Improved understanding of frailty in this aging population may inform community supports and avoid negative outcomes.

Methods: The objective of this study was to review the literature on frailty and IDD and determine areas for future research and application.

Looking forward, not back: Supporting structuralism in the present.

The view that the fundamental kind properties are intrinsic properties enjoys reflexive endorsement by most metaphysicians of science. But ontic structural realists deny that there are any fundamental intrinsic properties at all. Given that structuralists distrust intuition as a guide to truth, and given that we currently lack a fundamental physical theory that we could consult instead to order settle the issue, it might seem as if there is simply nowhere for this debate to go at present.

Computer-assisted client assessment survey for mental health: patient and health provider perspectives.

Background: The worldwide rise in common mental disorders (CMDs) is posing challenges in the provision of and access to care, particularly for immigrant, refugee and racialized groups from low-income backgrounds. eHealth tools, such as the Interactive Computer-Assisted Client Assessment Survey (iCCAS) may reduce some barriers to access. iCCAS is a tablet-based, touch-screen self-assessment completed by clients while waiting to see their family physician (FP) or nurse practitioner (NP).

A Qualitative Study on Incentives and Disincentives for Care of Common Mental Disorders in Ontario Family Health Teams.

Background: An opportunity to address the needs of patients with common mental disorders (CMDs) resides in primary care. Barriers are restricting availability of treatment for CMDs in primary care. By understanding the incentives that promote and the disincentives that deter treatment for CMDs in a collaborative primary care context, this study aims to help contribute to goals of greater access to mental healthcare.

The effects of 405 nm light on bacterial membrane integrity determined by salt and bile tolerance assays, leakage of UV-absorbing material and SYTOX green labelling.

Bacterial inactivation by 405 nm light is accredited to the photoexcitation of intracellular porphyrin molecules resulting in energy transfer and the generation of reactive oxygen species that impart cellular oxidative damage. The specific mechanism of cellular damage, however, is not fully understood. Previous work has suggested that destruction of nucleic acids may be responsible for inactivation; however, microscopic imaging has suggested membrane damage as a major constituent of cellular inactivation.

An Exploratory Study Investigating How Adults with Intellectual Disabilities Perform on the Visual Association Test (VAT).

Background: Neuropsychological tests of memory are believed to offer the greatest sensitivity at identifying people at the risk of developing dementia. There is a paucity of standardized and appropriate neuropsychological assessments of memory for adults with an intellectual disability. This study examines how adults with an intellectual disability perform on the Visual Association Test (VAT).

The evaluation of a framework for measuring the non-technical ward round skills of final year nursing students: An observational study.

Background: The importance of non-technical skills (NTS) to patient outcomes is increasingly being recognised, however, there is limited research into how such skills can be taught and evaluated in student nurses in relation toward rounds.

Objectives: This pilot study describes an evaluation of a NTS framework that could potentially be used to measure ward round skills of student nurses.

Design And Methods: The study used an observational design.

Out of School and Into Distress: Families of Young Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in Transition.

Background: The transition period out of the educational system can be a source of stress for parents of young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities, as families lose the support and respite offered by schools.

Materials And Methods: Using a before and after design nested within a 24-month follow-up study of parents seeking adult developmental services for their children, parents' perception of distress was measured using the Brief Family Distress Scale (Journal of Child and Family Studies, 20, 2011, 521) and their perception of helpfulness of formal supports was assessed using the Family Support Scale (Journal of Individual, Family, and Community Wellness, 1, 1984, 45).

Results: Parents reported significantly higher levels of distress after their child transitioned out of school.

Omega-6 to Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio in Patients with ADHD: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids have been shown to be deficient in individuals with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder compared to controls (Hawkey & Nigg, 2014). Clinical trials of omega-3 and omega-6 supplements as treatment for ADHD have demonstrated minimal efficacy (Bloch & Qawasmi, 2011; Gillies, Sinn, Lad, Leach, & Ross, 2011; Hawkey & Nigg, 2014; Puri & Martins, 2014; Sonuga-Barke et al., 2013).

Using Evolutionary Theory to Guide Mental Health Research.

Evolutionary approaches to medicine can shed light on the origins and etiology of disease. Such an approach may be especially useful in psychiatry, which frequently addresses conditions with heterogeneous presentation and unknown causes. We review several previous applications of evolutionary theory that highlight the ways in which psychiatric conditions may persist despite and because of natural selection.

Racial-Ethnic Differences in Health Service Use in a Large Sample of Homeless Adults With Mental Illness From Five Canadian Cities.

Objective: This study examined factors associated with health care use in an ethnically diverse Canadian sample of homeless adults with mental illness, a particularly disadvantaged group.

Methods: Baseline survey data were available from five sites across Canada for 2,195 At Home/Chez Soi demonstration project participants. Negative binomial regression models examined the relationship between racial-ethnic or cultural group membership (white, N=1,085; Aboriginal, N=476; black, N=244; and other ethnoracial minority groups, N=390) and self-reported emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations in the past six months and past-month visits to a medical, other clinical, or social service provider.