Benchmarking Bulb Yield, Medicinal Sulfur Compounds, and Mineral Nutrition of Garlic Varieties.

Garlic is widely cultivated for both its culinary and medicinal properties. Bulb yield, organosulfur compounds, and plant mineral nutrition of 32 garlic varieties were characterized. Across genotypes, there was large variability in bulb weight and alliin and allicin concentrations.

The antimicrobial potential of traditional remedies of Indigenous peoples from Canada against MRSA planktonic and biofilm bacteria in wound infection mimetic conditions.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is the leading cause of wound infections, often progressing into serious invasive bloodstream infections. MRSA disproportionately affects Indigenous peoples in Canada with higher rates of skin and wound infections, an example of persistent gaps in health outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples precipitated by the legacy of colonialism. Conversely, Indigenous peoples have long used natural remedies for infections and other diseases; however, their knowledge was rarely considered for modern medicine.

Investigating how HS can alter the interactions between Hg and corroded steel surfaces to guide future decommissioning projects.

Many oil and gas developments will soon be decommissioned and, knowledge on the accumulation of mercury (Hg), throughout offshore infrastructure is limited. Any release of Hg could have a detrimental impact on marine ecosystems. To bridge this knowledge gap, a fractionation approach was taken on steel samples exposed to Hg and HS, separating Hg compounds removed from the surface into polar, non-polar and insoluble fractions.

Exploring the Utility of a Novel Approach of Evaluating Application of a Validated Violence Risk Assessment Instrument.

Mental health nurses are often responsible for assessment/management of inpatient aggression. Validated instruments such as the Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression (DASA), can aid risk assessment. However, limited attention has been paid to evaluating nurses' ability to administer risk assessment instruments.

Do tobacco regulatory and economic factors influence smoking cessation outcomes? A post-hoc analysis of the multinational EAGLES randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: We previously reported global regional differences in smoking cessation outcomes, with smokers of US origin having lower quit rates than smokers from some other countries. This post-hoc analysis examined global regional differences in individual-level and country-level epidemiological, economic and tobacco regulatory factors that may affect cessation outcomes.

Methods: EAGLES (Evaluating Adverse Events in a Global Smoking Cessation Study) was a randomised controlled trial that evaluated first-line cessation medications and placebo in 8144 smokers with and without psychiatric disorders from 16 countries across seven regions.

Examining the need for a high level of therapeutic security at a regional forensic mental health service in Aotearoa New Zealand.

The ceiling of therapeutic security in Aotearoa New Zealand is medium security. The aim of this study is to identify and characterise a putative cohort of high-secure patients at a medium-secure regional forensic mental health service. A retrospective review of all admissions to a specific service was conducted over 3.

Sex differences in alcohol's effects on fronto-amygdalar functional connectivity during processing of emotional stimuli.

Background: Amygdala function underlying emotion processing has been shown to vary with an individuals' biological sex. Expanding upon functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) findings reported previously where a low level of response was the focus, we examined alcohol and sex effects on functional connectivity between the amygdala and other brain regions. The central hypothesis predicted that sex would influence alcohol's effects on frontal-limbic functional circuits underlying the processing of negative and positive facial emotions.

A Nominal Group Technique to finalise Safewards Secure model and interventions for forensic mental health services.

Unlabelled: WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Safewards was developed for acute mental health units, and while could be effective in forensic mental health services, there are some gaps in the model for such services, where factors including offending behaviour and longer term care can have an influence. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: The importance of acknowledging and addressing responses related to offending behaviour in forensic mental health settings, while also understanding the vulnerability of the consumer group and responsibilities to the maintenance of professional boundaries. Enhancing collaboration with consumers/families/carers/supporters is important in a forensic mental health setting, and an important element of Safewards Secure.

Seclusion within the first 24 h following admission into inpatient mental health services and associations with referral pathways, recent service contact and HoNOS ratings.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Seclusion is a harmful and traumatising intervention for people accessing mental health services. People who are subject to seclusion in inpatient mental health services often first experience this within the first 24 h following admission. There is limited research examining how recent contact with services impacts the likelihood of seclusion when people are admitted to inpatient services.

Developing entrustable professional activities to enhance application of an aggression prevention protocol.

Aim: The research aim of this study was to seek feedback from prevention of aggression training experts about the suitability of Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) as an assessment tool for an Aggression Prevention Protocol. The protocol was designed to structure intervention to prevent aggression and reduce the use of restrictive practices following risk assessment using a validated instrument (the Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression).

Background: Preventing aggression and limiting the use of restrictive practices are key priorities for inpatient mental health services.

Combining varenicline preloading with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in persons with serious mental illness who smoke: The randomized ACTSLow pilot feasibility trial.

Background: People with serious mental illness (SMI; bipolar [BD] or schizophrenia spectrum disorders [SSD]) who smoke have 30-60% lower odds of quitting and are more prone to experience neuropsychiatric adverse events (NPSAEs) when quitting than smokers without SMI. We pilot-tested the feasibility of combining two different dosing strategies of varenicline preloading with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in persons with SMI in an attempt to bolster quit rates without increasing NPSAEs.

Methods: Twelve-week, single center, randomized, double-blind, pilot feasibility trial of low (0.

Novel hyperpigmentation pathophysiology following a prolonged course of imipramine therapy.

Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant typically reserved for patients with treatment-resistant mood disorders. A rare side effect of long-term use of imipramine is a slowly progressive melanin-associated, slate gray-blue hyperpigmentation of the skin in a photo-distributed pattern. We report a case of imipramine-induced hyperpigmentation developing 50 years after initiating imipramine therapy, whose lesions were essentially devoid of melanin on histopathological exam.

Machine learning in clinical practice: Evaluation of an artificial intelligence tool after implementation.

Objective: Artificial intelligence (AI) has gradually found its way into healthcare, and its future integration into clinical practice is inevitable. In the present study, we evaluate the accuracy of a novel AI algorithm designed to predict admission based on a triage note after clinical implementation. This is the first of such studies to investigate real-time AI performance in the emergency setting.

A Pharmacokinetic and Analgesic Efficacy Study of Carprofen in Female CD1 Mice.

The minimization of pain in research animals is a scientific and ethical necessity. Carprofen is commonly used for pain management in mice; however, some data suggest that the standard dosage of 5 mg/kg may not provide adequate analgesia after surgery. We hypothesized that a higher dose of carprofen in mice would reduce pain-associated behaviors and improve analgesia without toxic effects.

The COVID-19 impact on severe uncontrolled asthma costs and biologic use.

Patients with severe uncontrolled asthma (SUA) overwhelmingly contribute to the economic burden of asthma and may require biologic therapy. However, the impact of the CoronaVirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) on asthma costs and biologic use has yet to be evaluated. The objective was to test the hypothesis that SUA costs and biologic use decreased during the pandemic.

Intergenerational and early life associations of the gut microbiome and stress-related symptomatology among Black American mothers and children.

Recent evidence suggests that maternal childhood adversity may have an intergenerational impact, with children of adversity-exposed mothers exhibiting elevated symptoms of psychopathology. At the same time, many children demonstrate resilience to these intergenerational effects. Among the variety of factors that likely contribute to resilience, the composition of the gut microbiome may play a role in buffering the negative impacts of trauma and stress.

Don't Go Breaking My Heart: Not Your Ordinary Tattoo Reaction.

Necrobiosis lipoidica (NL) is a rare, chronic idiopathic granulomatous dermatitis with a somewhat controversial association with diabetes and other systemic diseases. We report a case of NL developing within a polychromic tattoo on the lower leg of a 53-year-old woman. Characteristic histopathologic findings of both active and chronic "burnt-out" NL appeared to originate from the tattoo where red ink was used 13 years prior.

NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery Findings Among People with HIV: Normative Comparisons and Clinical Associations.

Purpose: Depression and other aspects of emotional health in people with HIV (PWH) can affect functional independence, disease progression, and overall life quality. This study used the NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery (NIHTB-EB), which assesses many features of emotional health, to more comprehensively investigate differences among adults living with and without HIV, and to identify factors associated with emotional health for PWH.

Patients And Methods: Participants (n=1451; age: M=50.

Imprisonment following discharge from mental health units: A developing trend in New Zealand.

Introduction: Contemporary models of care for people with mental disorders continue to shift to community-based care, requiring fewer inpatient mental health beds, shorter inpatient lengths of stay, and less use of coercion. It has been suggested that some mentally unwell people, whose behavior can no longer be safely contained in overstretched mental health units where seclusion and restraint are discouraged, are now left to the criminal justice system to manage. It is unclear whether the risk of imprisonment following discharge from a mental health unit has increased over recent years.

Consumer Interest in Total Ankle Replacements Over the Last 10 Years: A Google Trends™ Analysis From 2009 to 2019.

With an aging population, the incidence of osteoarthritis (OA) continues to grow. After exhausting conservative therapy for many forms of OA, patients regularly opt for surgical intervention in the form of total joint replacement surgery. One form, total ankle replacement, has continued to gain favorability in the medical community.

Fast X-ray fluorescence microscopy provides high-throughput phenotyping of element distribution in seeds.

The concentration, chemical speciation, and spatial distribution of essential and toxic mineral elements in cereal seeds have important implications for human health. To identify genes responsible for element uptake, translocation, and storage, high-throughput phenotyping methods are needed to visualize element distribution and concentration in seeds. Here, we used X-ray fluorescence microscopy (μ-XRF) as a method for rapid and high-throughput phenotyping of seed libraries and developed an ImageJ-based pipeline to analyze the spatial distribution of elements.