Mental health and exercise during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Twitter sentiment analysis.

Beyond its immediate health consequences, the COVID-19 pandemic led to an exacerbation in the mental health of the global population. Regular exercise and its lack thereof are also known to affect mental health. Tweets and their content analysis can provide information about aspects of users' lives including their health habits and mental health.

Engaging Same-Day Peer Ambassadors to Increase Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination Among People Experiencing Unsheltered Homelessness in Los Angeles County: A Hybrid Feasibility-Evaluation Study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of engaging unhoused peer ambassadors (PAs) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination efforts to reach people experiencing unsheltered homelessness in Los Angeles County.

Methods: From August to December 2021, vaccinated PAs aged ≥18 years who could provide informed consent were recruited during vaccination events for same-day participation. Events were held at encampments, service providers (eg, housing agencies, food lines, and mobile showers), and roving locations around Los Angeles.

Penetrating buttock trauma: A life-threatening injury that highlights the importance of good collaboration with trauma receiving hospitals.

A 54-year-old lady was brought to our emergency department after falling from a stepladder onto the base of her artificial Christmas tree. The metallic rod impaled her through the right buttock. X-rays and a computerized tomography were performed prior to transport to a trauma center causing delays to her surgery.

Just Us Dialogues: Harnessing the Transformational Power of Discourse to Prevent Violence.

Anchor Institutions (AIs) provide tremendous value and benefit to the communities where they reside through initiatives, partnerships, and investments. As an academic medical center, Johns Hopkins devised to anchor its community by addressing the epidemic of violence and racial injustice through a series of webinars and a symposium entitled the "Just Us Dialogues." An analysis of all comments and policy recommendations made by panelists and attendees was performed and a series of recommendations emerged regarding how an AI should approach addressing community violence and inequities to promote community wellness.

Association of lung fluorodeoxyglucose uptake with radiation pneumonitis after concurrent chemoradiation for non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Increased uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) by lung tissue could reflect inflammatory changes related to radiation pneumonitis (RP). In this secondary analysis of a clinical trial, we examined potential associations between posttreatment lung FDG uptake and RP severity in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for up to 12 months after concurrent chemoradiation (CRT).

Methods: Subjects were 152 patients with NSCLC who had received concurrent CRT as part of the prospective trial NCT00915005.

Consequences of Individual Differences in Children's Formal Understanding of Mathematical Equivalence.

Experts claim that individual differences in children's formal understanding of mathematical equivalence have consequences for mathematics achievement; however, evidence is lacking. A prospective, longitudinal study was conducted with a diverse sample of 112 children from a midsized city in the Midwestern United States (M [second grade] = 8:1). As hypothesized, understanding of mathematical equivalence in second grade predicted mathematics achievement in third grade, even after controlling for second-grade mathematics achievement, IQ, gender, and socioeconomic status.

The impact of irradiation dose on the computed tomography radiographic response of metastatic nodes and clinical outcomes in cervix cancer in a low-resource setting.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the radiation dose to pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes, nodal response, and clinical outcomes in a resource-poor setting based on computed tomography (CT) nodal size alone.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study from 2009 to 2015 included 46 cervical cancer patients with 133 metastatic pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes definitively treated with chemoradiation and brachytherapy in a public hospital with limited access to positron emission tomography (PET) scans. Hence, short axis of the lymph node on CT scan was used as a measure of metastatic nodal disease, before and following radiation therapy.

Reduced acute toxicity and improved efficacy from intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) for the management of head and neck cancer.

Cancers in the head and neck area are usually close to several critical organ structures. Traditional external-beam photon radiation therapy unavoidably exposes these structures to significant doses of radiation, which can lead to serious acute and chronic toxicity. Intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT), however, has dosimetric advantages that allow it to deposit high doses within the target while largely sparing surrounding structures.

Exposure to mitochondrial genotoxins and dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Neurodegeneration has been correlated with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and exposure to environmental toxins, but causation is unclear. We investigated the ability of several known environmental genotoxins and neurotoxins to cause mtDNA damage, mtDNA depletion, and neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans. We found that paraquat, cadmium chloride and aflatoxin B1 caused more mitochondrial than nuclear DNA damage, and paraquat and aflatoxin B1 also caused dopaminergic neurodegeneration.

Smoking and risk of low- and high-grade prostate cancer: results from the REDUCE study.

Purpose: Although the relationship between smoking and prostate cancer risk is inconsistent, some studies show that smoking is associated with prostate cancer mortality. Whether this reflects delayed diagnosis or direct smoking-related effects is unknown. REDUCE, which followed biopsy-negative men with protocol-dictated prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-independent biopsies at 2 and 4 years, provides an opportunity to evaluate smoking and prostate cancer diagnosis with minimal confounding from screening biases.

The impact of stroke aphasia on health and well-being and appropriate nursing interventions: an exploration using the Theory of Human Scale Development.

Aims And Objectives: This paper considers the impact of aphasia on health and well-being and provides suggestions for appropriate nursing interventions. Background.  Effective communication is essential to holistic care and positive outcomes for individuals affected by aphasia.

Association of prostate-specific antigen doubling time and cancer in men undergoing repeat prostate biopsy.

Objectives: To analyze the association between prostate-specific antigen doubling time with prostate cancer risk and grade among men with prostate-specific antigen levels ≥4.0 ng/mL undergoing repeat prostate biopsy.

Methods: A total of 286 patients with prostate-specific antigen ≥4 ng/mL and available prostate-specific antigen doubling time data, who underwent repeat prostate biopsy from 1996-2009, were included in this analysis.

Dietary calcium and risk for prostate cancer: a case-control study among US veterans.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the association between calcium intake and prostate cancer risk. We hypothesized that calcium intake would be positively associated with lower risk for prostate cancer.

Methods: We used data from a case-control study conducted among veterans between 2007 and 2010 at the Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Recognition of physical deterioration in patients with mental health problems: the role of simulation in knowledge and skill development.

Recognition of physical deterioration in patients with mental health problems has been recognized as a significant problem. Areas of particular concern include rapid tranquilization, physical restraint, the consumption of alcohol and illicit drugs have the potential to result in sudden and catastrophic patient deterioration. Simulation sessions, using patient mannequins, are widely used to support the education of nurses but its use in mental health has been somewhat restricted.

Predictive value of digital rectal examination for prostate cancer detection is modified by obesity.

The American Cancer Society's updated screening guidelines for prostate cancer (CaP) render digital rectal examination (DRE) optional. We investigated the impact of DRE on CaP detection among obese men. Data from 2794 men undergoing initial prostate biopsy at three centers were analyzed to assess CaP risk attributed to abnormal DRE across body mass index (BMI) categories.

The association of diabetes mellitus and high-grade prostate cancer in a multiethnic biopsy series.

Objective: To analyze the association of diabetes mellitus (DM) with risk of prostate cancer and cancer grade among men undergoing prostate biopsy and to analyze how obesity and race modify these associations.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 998 men from the Durham VA undergoing first prostate biopsy between 2001 and 2009 with complete data available. History of DM was determined by chart review.

A high ratio of dietary n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer.

Experimental studies suggest omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) suppress and n-6 PUFA promote prostate tumor carcinogenesis. Epidemiologic evidence remains inconclusive. The objectives of this study were to examine the association between n-3 and n-6 PUFA and prostate cancer risk and determine if these associations differ by race or disease aggressiveness.

Does teamwork improve performance in the operating room? A multilevel evaluation.

Background: Medical care is a team effort, especially as patient cases are more complex. Communication, cooperation, and coordination are vital to effective care, especially in complex service lines such as the operating room (OR). Team training, specifically the TeamSTEPPS training program, has been touted as one methodology for optimizing teamwork among providers and increasing patient safety.

The effect of improving the thermal quality of cold housing on blood pressure and general health: a research note.

Objective: To examine the effect of improving the thermal quality of housing on blood pressure (BP) and general health.

Design: A before and after study comparing the changes of the intervention with controls.

Setting: Four blocks of flats in the Easthall area of Easterhouse in Glasgow.

A polymorphism, R653Q, in the trifunctional enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase/formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase is a maternal genetic risk factor for neural tube defects: report of the Birth Defects Research Group.

Women who take folic acid periconceptionally reduce their risk of having a child with a neural tube defect (NTD) by >50%. A variant form of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) (677C-->T) is a known risk factor for NTDs, but the prevalence of the risk genotype explains only a small portion of the protective effect of folic acid. This has prompted the search for additional NTD-associated variants in folate-metabolism enzymes.

Racial differences in occupational status and income in South Africa, 1980 and 1991.

Using data on employed men from the 1980 and 1991 South African Censuses, we analyze the determinants of occupational status and income. Whites are found to have much higher occupational status, and especially income, than members of other racial groups. Most of the racial differentials in occupational status con be explained by racial differences in the personal assets that determine occupational attainment (especially education), but only a much smaller fraction of the White/non-White income differential can be so explained.

Beta-NAP, a cerebellar degeneration antigen, is a neuron-specific vesicle coat protein.

We have identified a target antigen in autoimmune cerebellar degeneration, beta-NAP, that is closely related to the beta-adaptin and beta-COP coat proteins. Beta-NAP is a nonclathrin-associated phosphoprotein expressed exclusively in neurons, from E12 through adulthood. Beta-NAP is present in the neuronal soma and nerve terminal as soluble and membrane-bound pools and is associated with a discrete set of nerve-terminal vesicles.

Demonstration of hypomethylation of proteins in the brain of pigs (but not in rats) associated with chronic vitamin B12 inactivation.

1. Pigs treated with nitrous oxide for periods of 1, 2 and 4 months demonstrated markedly reduced levels of methionine synthase and concomitant reduction in the ratio of S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylhomocysteine, the methylation ratio, at all time intervals. 2.