Oncologic outcomes of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection following first-line chemotherapy for metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell tumors.

Background: Post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (pcRPLND) is integral to multimodal treatment of patients with metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT). We review pathologic and long-term outcomes of pcRPLND following first-line chemotherapy with a focus on residual mass size and primary tumor histology. Our goal was to identify new predictive approaches that can refine surgical indications.

Identifying Contextual Workplace Stressors in a Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

Background: Healthcare professionals in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) face unique stressors that contribute to burnout, increasing the risk of errors and compromising patient care. Despite this, there is limited research on PRS burnout in the United States. This study aimed to measure burnout rates and identify high-impact improvement targets within a PRS division at a US academic medical center.

Senescence as a therapeutic target in cancer and age-related diseases.

Cellular senescence is a stress response that restrains the growth of aged, damaged or abnormal cells. Thus, senescence has a crucial role in development, tissue maintenance and cancer prevention. However, lingering senescent cells fuel chronic inflammation through the acquisition of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which contributes to cancer and age-related tissue dysfunction.

Corrigendum: Applying new approach methodologies to assess next-generation tobacco and nicotine products.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.

Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide, and Cisplatin as Initial Salvage Chemotherapy for Germ Cell Tumors: Long-Term Follow-Up and Outcomes for Favorable- and Unfavorable-Risk Disease.

Purpose: Paclitaxel, ifosfamide, and cisplatin (TIP) is an established salvage regimen for germ cell tumors (GCT) on the basis of a phase II trial, but efficacy on a large patient cohort including patients with unfavorable risk features and long-term outcomes has not been reported. Herein, we report updated treatment efficacy and long-term follow-up with TIP.

Patients And Methods: Patients with GCT who received TIP after cisplatin-based chemotherapy were eligible.

Applying new approach methodologies to assess next-generation tobacco and nicotine products.

toxicology research has accelerated with the use of , computational approaches and human tissue systems, facilitating major improvements evaluating the safety and health risks of novel consumer products. Innovation in molecular and cellular biology has shifted testing paradigms, with less reliance on low-throughput animal data and greater use of medium- and high-throughput cellular screening approaches. These new approach methodologies (NAMs) are being implemented in other industry sectors for chemical testing, screening candidate drugs and prototype consumer products, driven by the need for reliable, human-relevant approaches.

Amantadine as an Aid to Extubation in Severe Acute Brain Injury: A Case Series.

For a subset of patients with severe acute brain injury (SABI) undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation, the primary barrier to successful extubation is depressed mental status. Amantadine is a neurostimulant that has been demonstrated to increase arousal and improve functional outcomes in patients with SABI. In this case series, we describe 5 patients with SABI and invasive mechanical ventilation who received amantadine as an agent to improve mental status to allow extubation.

An Effective Program to Reduce Malpractice Claims and Payments in a Large Orthopaedic Practice.

Background: High reliability in health care requires a balance between intentionally designed systems and individual professional accountability. One element of accountability includes a process for addressing clinicians whose practices are associated with a disproportionate share of patient complaints. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the Patient Advocacy Reporting System (PARS), a tiered intervention model to reduce patient complaints about clinicians.

Trends and predictors of decompressive craniectomy in acute ischemic stroke, 2011-2020.

Introduction: Rates of decompressive craniectomy (DC) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) have been reported to decline over time, attributed to an increase in endovascular therapy (EVT) preventing the development of malignant cerebral edema. We sought to characterize trends in DC in AIS between 2011 and 2020.

Material And Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study of U.

Spontaneous Hypothermia As an Indicator of Early Diffuse Anoxic Brain Injury in Post-Cardiac Arrest Patients.

Objectives: To determine the association between spontaneous hypothermia (SH), defined as initial post-resuscitation core body temperature less than 34°C, and diffuse anoxic brain injury (DABI) on initial CT scan of the head (CTH) in post-cardiac arrest patients.

Design Setting And Participants: This was a retrospective, observational cohort study. This study was performed at the University of Rochester Medical Center Strong Memorial Hospital.

Detection of senescence using machine learning algorithms based on nuclear features.

Cellular senescence is a stress response with broad pathophysiological implications. Senotherapies can induce senescence to treat cancer or eliminate senescent cells to ameliorate ageing and age-related pathologies. However, the success of senotherapies is limited by the lack of reliable ways to identify senescence.

Autologous anterior lens capsule flap and serum transplant in managing idiopathic and refractory full-thickness macular holes.

Purpose: To report the results of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with inner limiting membrane (ILM) peeling alongside phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with autologous anterior lens capsule flap (ALCF) and autologous serum transplantation (AST) into full-thickness macular holes (FTMH) and 14% perfluoropropane (C3F8) tamponade for idiopathic and refractory FTMHs.

Methods: Retrospective study involving eleven patients with idiopathic FMTHs and seven with refractory FMTHs after standard surgery with PPV, ILM peeling, and gas tamponade. All eyes underwent a 'combination procedure' of PPV with ILM peeling alongside phacoemulsification and IOL implantation with autologous ALCF and AST into the FTMH and 14% C3F8 tamponade.

Testicular cancer in 2023: Current status and recent progress.

Testicular germ cell tumor (GCT) is the most common solid tumor in adolescent and young adult men. Progress in the management of GCT has been made in the last 50 years, with a substantial improvement in cure rates for advanced disease, from 25% in the 1970s to nearly 80%. However, relapsed or platinum-refractory disease occurs in a proportion, 20% of whom will die from disease progression.

A Phase 2 Trial of Talazoparib and Avelumab in Genomically Defined Metastatic Kidney Cancer.

Background: Although different kidney cancers represent a heterogeneous group of malignancies, multiple subtypes including Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-altered clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), fumarate hydratase (FH)- and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) are affected by genomic instability. Synthetic lethality with poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) has been suggested in preclinical models of these subtypes, and paired PARPis with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) may achieve additive and/or synergistic effects in patients with previously treated advanced kidney cancers.

Objective: To evaluate combined PARPi + ICB in treatment-refractory metastatic kidney cancer.

Tracking canopy chlorophyll fluorescence with a low-cost light emitting diode platform.

Chlorophyll fluorescence measured at the leaf scale through pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) has provided valuable insight into photosynthesis. At the canopy- and satellite-scale, solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) provides a method to estimate the photosynthetic activity of plants across spatiotemporal scales. However, retrieving SIF signal remotely requires instruments with high spectral resolution, making it difficult and often expensive to measure canopy-level steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence under natural sunlight.

A Case of Traumatic Submacular Hemorrhage Treated with tPA and Pneumatic Displacement.

This is a case of a 31-year-old female who presented to the emergency department at a London teaching hospital with a 24-h history of visual loss following an assault. The ophthalmological routine examination showed a submacular hemorrhage (SMH), and a computerized tomography scan demonstrated a displaced orbital floor fracture with inferior rectus entrapment and a medial wall fracture. To induce displacement of the SMH, intravitreal injection of 0.

Exposures to near-to-maximal speed running bouts during different turnarounds in elite football: association with match hamstring injuries.

To describe the occurrence of near-to-maximal sprinting speed (near-to-MSS) running bouts during training and hamstring injuries during the consecutive match of the same turnaround in elite football (soccer). Retrospective data from 36 team-seasons (16 elite teams performing in top European leagues) were analyzed (627 players, 96 non-contact time loss match hamstring injuries). We described 1) the occurrence of > 85%, > 90% or > 95% MSS exposures during training within each turnaround and match hamstring injuries and 2) whether the above-mentioned injury occurrences differed depending on the day(s) of the turnarounds (i.

Association of Do-Not-Resuscitate orders and in-hospital mortality among patients undergoing cranial neurosurgery.

Background: Previous studies identified pre-existing DNR orders as a predictor of mortality after surgery. We sought to evaluate mortality of patients receiving cranial neurosurgery with DNR orders placed at the time of, or within 24 h of admission.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using the California State Inpatient Database, January 2018 to December 2020.

MRI-guided Pelvic Radiation Therapy: A Primer for Radiologists.

Radiation therapy (RT) is a core pillar of oncologic treatment, and half of all patients with cancer receive this therapy as a curative or palliative treatment. The recent integration of MRI into the RT workflow has led to the advent of MRI-guided RT (MRIgRT). Using MRI rather than CT has clear advantages for guiding RT to pelvic tumors, including superior soft-tissue contrast, improved organ motion visualization, and the potential to image tumor phenotypic characteristics to identify the most aggressive or treatment-resistant areas, which can be targeted with a more focal higher radiation dose.