Evaluation of the initial rollout of the physical activity referral standards policy in Scotland: a qualitative study.

Objectives: Physical activity referral schemes (PARS) allow healthcare professionals to refer patients for physical activity support. Evidence of effectiveness is equivocal. Public Health Scotland has developed 'physical activity referral standards' that aim to enhance quality, reduce variability in design and delivery and build further evidence of what works.

Are physical activity referral scheme components associated with increased physical activity, scheme uptake, and adherence rate? A meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Background: Physical activity referral schemes (PARS) are composed of various components, such as a written prescription or a person-centered approach. The role of these components in their effectiveness is yet to be understood. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationships between PARS components and physical activity, scheme uptake, and adherence rate; and to estimate the effect of PARS.

Sibling relational aggression: Developmental change and associations with family relationships across adolescence.

Sibling relational aggression is an understudied social and family process that is of developmental significance in adolescence, a period of interpersonal relationship development. This study examined developmental change in sibling relational aggression across adolescence and used multilevel actor-partner independence models to test its longitudinal associations with mother-adolescent, father-adolescent, and sibling relationship qualities. Participants were 196 adolescent (firstborn-secondborn) sibling pairs from predominantly White families who averaged 16.

Physical Activity Interventions Framed by the Health Action Process Approach for Adults with Long-Term Conditions: A Scoping Review.

Background: Interventions that use the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model show promise for increasing PA frequency, duration, and intensity. However, there is limited understanding of how HAPA model variables have been operationalized for PA interventions in chronic disease to promote behavior change and sustained PA or whether the phase or continuous form of the HAPA model was used. The aim of this scoping review is to describe how the HAPA model variables for PA interventions were operationalized and provide details of implementation.

"Actually, I don't do different": Black parents' perceptions of gender socialization of sons versus daughters.

This study expanded on research examining families' roles in youth gender development that has investigated boys' versus girls' family experiences by using a within-family design to study the gender socialization of brothers versus sisters from the same families. We drew from archival data collected in 2001-2002 from an ethnic homogeneous sample of Black American mother-father families ( = 128) who were raising at least one son and one daughter; the majority of youth were adolescents (range 2-31 years). In separate home interviews, mothers and fathers described whether and how they socialized their sons versus daughters about education, their futures, and racism and discrimination.

Patients' experiences and perspectives of post-hospital follow-up care to improve physical recovery for intensive care survivors: A systematic review of qualitative research.

Background: Intensive care units deliver care to a heterogeneous group of patients with pre-existing co-morbid disease. Focus has shifted to improving health related quality of life with more patients surviving beyond hospital discharge. Randomised controlled trials evaluating follow-up interventions, to improve physical recovery, have not demonstrated a health-related quality of life benefit.

Patterns and correlates of changes in sibling intimacy and conflict from middle childhood through young adulthood.

Sibling relationships are most individuals' longest lasting relationships, but their development remains understudied. Using a within-family, accelerated longitudinal design with data from mothers, fathers, and two siblings from 201 predominately White, working-, and middle-class families, we charted the development of sibling intimacy and conflict from age 7 to age 30. We also examined structural characteristics (sibling sex, sex constellation, age spacing, birth order) and both person mean (between-person) and time-varying (within-person) links between (a) feminine-typed, expressive personality and (b) maternal and paternal warmth and conflict and sibling intimacy and conflict, respectively, and tested whether sibling age moderated these linkages.

The need for more inclusive measurement to advance equity in eating disorders prevention.

Eating disorder (ED) research and practice have been shaped by prevailing stereotypes about who EDs are most likely to affect. Subsequently, the field has prioritized the needs and concerns of affluent, cisgender, heterosexual, white girls and women to the exclusion of others, especially people marginalized based on their race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and/or gender identity. However, EDs exist across diverse groups and actually occur with elevated prevalence in several marginalized groups.

Cooperation between PRMT1 and PRMT6 drives lung cancer health disparities among Black/African American men.

Lung cancer is the third most common cancer with Black/AA men showing higher risk and poorer outcomes than NHW men. Lung cancer disparities are multifactorial, driven by tobacco exposure, inequities in care access, upstream health determinants, and molecular determinants including biological and genetic factors. Elevated expressions of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) correlating with poorer prognosis have been observed in many cancers.

Exploring the patient experience of remote hypertension management in Scotland during COVID-19: a qualitative study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to understand how patients experienced hypertension management, with or without blood pressure (BP) telemonitoring, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design, Methods, Participants And Setting: This qualitative study conducted between April and November 2022 consisted of 43 semistructured telephone interviews (23 men and 20 women) from 6 primary care practices in one area of Scotland.

Results: From the views of 25 participants with experience of using the Connect Me telemonitoring service and 18 participants without such experience, 5 themes were developed.

A systematic review and narrative synthesis of physical activity referral schemes' components.

Background: Physical activity referral schemes (PARS) are complex multicomponent interventions that represent a promising healthcare-based concept for physical activity (PA) promotion. This systematic review and narrative synthesis aimed to identify the constitutive components of PARS and provide an overview of their effectiveness.

Methods: Following a published protocol, we conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, HTA, Wiley Online Library, SAGE Journals, Taylor & Francis, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and CORE from 1990 to January 2023.

Parenting of siblings in Latinx families during middle childhood.

Parents' management of their children's sibling relationships, or sibling-focused parenting, has substantial theoretical and practical importance but is rarely studied. This study's goals were to describe dimensions of sibling-focused parenting and to examine sociocultural resources and challenges as potential correlates among Latinx mothers and fathers in 262 families with two children in middle childhood. Families were recruited from 11 public elementary schools, and caregivers (248 mother figures; 118 father figures) participated in a home visit and phone interviews at the onset of the study.

Completeness of intervention reporting in randomised trials of technology-enabled remote or hybrid exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation: a systematic review using the TIDieR framework.

Background: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation improves clinical outcomes and quality of life. Technology-enabled delivery of remote cardiac rehabilitation is as effective in improving health outcomes as in-person delivery and has the potential to transform clinical service delivery. However, for the successful translation of research to clinical practice, interventions must be adequately reported in the literature.

The Exeter-Trident THA with ceramic-on-ceramic-bearings: 10-year outcomes in 275 total hip arthroplasties.

Aims: This study reports on the Exeter-Trident total hip arthroplasty (THA) using an alumina ceramic-on-ceramic bearing with 10-year clinical and radiographic follow-up.

Patients And Methods: Between January 2001 and January 2006, 275 THAs were performed. Mean age at surgery was 52.

A Rare Volar Carpo-metacarpal Joint Dislocation in a Child: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) dislocations are a rare presentation and a volar dislocation in a pediatric patient even more so. We present a case of this condition along with management strategies to help guide future treatment of this injury.

Case Report: A fit and well 8-year-old boy presented with pain and deformity of his right hand following a fall from a horse.

Observation of high-energy neutrinos from the Galactic plane.

The origin of high-energy cosmic rays, atomic nuclei that continuously impact Earth's atmosphere, is unknown. Because of deflection by interstellar magnetic fields, cosmic rays produced within the Milky Way arrive at Earth from random directions. However, cosmic rays interact with matter near their sources and during propagation, which produces high-energy neutrinos.

Research priorities relating to the delivery of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation programmes: results of a modified Delphi process.

Objective: The purpose of this British Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (BACPR) research priority setting project (PSP) was to identify a top 10 list of priority research questions for cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation (CVPR).

Methods: The PSP was facilitated by the BACPR clinical study group (CSG), which integrates as part of the British Heart Foundation Clinical Research Collaborative. Following a literature review to identify unanswered research questions, modified Delphi methods were used to engage CVPR-informed expert stakeholders, patients, partners and conference delegates in ranking the relevance of research questions during three rounds of an anonymous e-survey.

What do spontaneous coronary artery dissection survivors want to support their recovery? a qualitative study.

Aims: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is increasingly recognized as an important cause of myocardial infarction predominantly affecting women aged younger than 50 years. There is limited research addressing female and male SCAD survivors' experience of, or requirements for, support post-SCAD. This study explored what SCAD survivors wanted to support recovery.

A Multi-Tier Trust-Based Security Mechanism for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network Communications.

Securing communications in vehicle ad hoc networks is crucial for operations. Messages exchanged in vehicle ad hoc network communications hold critical information such as road safety information, or road accident information and it is essential these packets reach their intended destination without any modification. A significant concern for vehicle ad hoc network communications is that malicious vehicles can intercept or modify messages before reaching their intended destination.

Resource dilution in maternal feeding practices after birth of a secondborn.

Firstborn children have higher prevalence of obesity than secondborn siblings. The birth of a sibling typically results in resource dilution when mothers begin to divide their time and attention between two children. This mixed-methods analysis applies the family systems process of resource dilution to test the hypothesis that characteristics of the secondborn impact how parents feed the firstborn.

IMPACT OF THE ENDF/B-VIII.0 LIBRARY ON MCNP6.2-COMPUTED AMBIENT AND PERSONAL DOSE EQUIVALENT CONVERSION COEFFICIENTS.

The 2018 release of the Evaluated Nuclear Data File (ENDF)/B-VIII.0 library initiated several examinations of the impact of the revised nuclear data on Monte Carlo models. This study used version 6.

A mixed methods study of siblings' roles in maternal feeding practices in early childhood: an application of the learning from experience process.

Background: Firstborn children have higher rates of obesity compared to secondborns, perhaps due, in part, to differential feeding practices. Despite the centrality of siblings in family life and potential for influence, almost nothing is known about the role of siblings in parent feeding practices in early childhood.

Methods: Participants (n = 117) were mothers of consecutively born siblings.

Lessons Learned: The Varied Responses of Massachusetts' Local Health Departments During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Context: Massachusetts' decentralized public health model holds tightly to its founding principle of home rule and a board of health system established in 1799. Consequently, Massachusetts has more local health departments (n = 351) than any other state. During COVID-19, each health department, steeped in centuries of independence, launched its own response to the pandemic.

Daily links between Latinx siblings' relationship qualities and mood.

This study examined daily links between sibling warmth and negativity and positive and negative mood in middle childhood and the moderating role of enculturation. Participants were 326 Latinx children from 163 families in the United States (M  = 10.63 and 8.