Isometric HG (handgrip) training lowers resting arterial BP (blood pressure), yet the mechanisms are elusive. In the present study, we investigated improved systemic endothelial function as a mechanism of arterial BP modification following isometric HG training in normotensive individuals. This study employed a within-subject repeated measures design primarily to assess improvements in BA FMD (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation; an index of endothelium-dependent vasodilation), with the non-exercising limb acting as an internal control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReasons For Performing Study: Despite the prevalence of orthopaedic injuries to horses, there is no objective means of quantifying the intensity of musculoskeletal pain.
Hypotheses: Mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNT) can be measured repeatably by pressure algometry in horses and MNTs are correlated with both severity of clinical signs and subjective scores of muscle pain on palpation in horses with suspected sacroiliac dysfunction (SID).
Methods: The technique of pressure algometry and its repeatability was tested at 4 anatomical sites on either side of the thoracolumbar and pelvic region in 12 Thoroughbreds in training.
Bilateral isometric handgrip (IHG) training lowers resting arterial blood pressure (BP) in medicated hypertensives. Numerous mechanisms have been suggested, but have yet to be investigated. One such mechanism is that of improved systemic endothelial-dependent vasodilation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBilateral isometric handgrip (IHG) training lowers resting arterial blood pressure (BP) in medicated hypertensives. Numerous mechanisms have been suggested, but have yet to be investigated. One such mechanism is that of improved systemic endothelial-dependent vasodilation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnalysis of human nerve biomechanics has contributed to the validation of clinical tests to diagnose back pain of neural origin. Equivalent clinical tests for dogs would be valuable to differentially diagnose lumbosacral pain. To develop such a test, the increase in strain in the sciatic nerve of dogs and the longitudinal excursion of the nerve in relation to its surrounding structures during hind limb movements were evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol
June 2008
Hindlimb musculoskeletal anatomy and steady speed over ground hopping mechanics were compared in two species of macropod marsupials, tammar wallabies and yellow-footed rock wallabies (YFRW). These two species are relatively closely related and are of similar size and general body plan, yet they inhabit different environments with presumably different musculoskeletal demands. Tammar wallabies live in relatively flat, open habitat whereas yellow-footed rock wallabies inhabit steep cliff faces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Appl Physiol (1985)
October 2006
The goal of this study was to test whether the contractile patterns of two major hindlimb extensors of guinea fowl are altered by load-carrying exercise. We hypothesized that changes in contractile pattern, specifically a decrease in muscle shortening velocity or enhanced stretch activation, would result in a reduction in locomotor energy cost relative to the load carried. We also anticipated that changes in kinematics would reflect underlying changes in muscle strain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRad52-dependent homologous recombination (HR) is regulated by the antirecombinase activities of Srs2 and Rqh1/Sgs1 DNA helicases in fission yeast and budding yeast. Functional analysis of Srs2 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe led us to the discovery of Sws1, a novel HR protein with a SWIM-type Zn finger. Inactivation of Sws1 suppresses the genotoxic sensitivity of srs2Delta and rqh1Delta mutants and rescues the inviability of srs2Delta rqh1Delta cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
October 2006
Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that isometric handgrip (IHG) training improved local, endothelium-dependent vasodilation in medicated hypertensives [McGowan CL (PhD Thesis), 2006; McGowan et al. Physiologist 47: 285, 2004]. We investigated whether changes in the capacity of smooth muscle to dilate (regardless of endothelial factors) influenced this training-induced change, and we examined the acute vascular responses to a single bout of IHG.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To determine effects of early intensive postoperative physiotherapy on limb function in dogs after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) for deficiency of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL).
Animals: 8 adult dogs with CCL deficiency.
Procedure: After TPLO, dogs underwent a physiotherapy program 3 times/wk (physiotherapy group; n = 4) or a walking program (home-exercise group; 4).
Child Adolesc Ment Health
September 2005
Background: Consultation and supervision are familiar to many professionals, and their relevance to those working with children with learning disabilities and autism is discussed.
Method: Consultation Clinics for Community Learning Disability Nurses and others were set up by a specialist Child and Adolescent Mental Health team servicing an area with a general population of 750,000. They were provided by a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist, and data on their use were collected over a 16 month period.
The Mus81-Eme1 endonuclease is implicated in the efficient rescue of broken replication forks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We have used gene targeting to study the function of the Mus81-Eme1 endonuclease in mammalian cells. Mus81-deficient mice develop normally and are fertile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe goal of our study was to explore the mechanical power requirements associated with jumping in yellow-footed rock wallabies and to determine how these requirements are achieved relative to steady-speed hopping mechanics. Whole body power output and limb mechanics were measured in yellow-footed rock wallabies during steady-speed hopping and moving jumps up to a landing ledge 1.0 m high (approximately 3 times the animals' hip height).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA telephone survey of 51 National Hunt racing yards with 1140 horses in training was made in April and May 2003 to establish the incidence of exertional rhabdomyolysis syndrome during the previous year. A case-control study was used to investigate the risk factors for the syndrome in eight yards selected on the basis that cases had been confirmed by the analysis of serum muscle enzymes. The overall incidence of syndrome was 6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of resistance training on arterial stiffening is controversial. We tested the hypothesis that resistance training would not alter central arterial compliance. Young healthy men (age, 23 +/- 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBloom syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder in humans. The product of the Bloom syndrome mutated gene, designated BLM, is a member of the RecQ helicase family. BLM has been proposed to function at the interface of replication and recombination, and to facilitate the repair of DNA damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Appl Physiol (1985)
June 2005
Given the increasing emphasis on performance of resistance exercise as an essential component of health, we evaluated, using a prospective longitudinal design, the potential for resistance training to affect arterial endothelial function. Twenty-eight men (23 +/- 3.9 yr old; mean +/- SE) engaged in 12 wk of whole body resistance training five times per week using a repeating split-body 3-day cycle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferential pressure measurements offer a new approach for studying the aerodynamics of bird flight. Measurements from differential pressure sensors are combined to form a dynamic pressure map for eight sites along and across the wings, and for two sites across the tail, of pigeons flying between two perches. The confounding influence of acceleration on the pressure signals is shown to be small for both wings and tail.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeasurements of joint work and power were determined using inverse dynamics analysis based on ground reaction force and high-speed video recordings of tammar wallabies as they decelerated and accelerated while hopping over a force platform on level ground. Measurements were obtained over a range of accelerations ranging from -6 m s(-2) to 8 m s(-2). The goal of our study was to determine which joints are used to modulate mechanical power when tammar wallabies change speed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe protein kinases ATM and ATR are central components of the checkpoint mechanisms that signal the presence of damaged DNA and stalled replication forks. Recent studies have provided important new insights into how these kinases work together with their regulatory subunits, DNA repair proteins and adaptor proteins to sense abnormal DNA structures and implement the appropriate DNA damage response. These advances have provided a more detailed understanding of the interface between damaged DNA and the checkpoint sensor proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMR elastography (MRE) is an MRI modality that is increasingly being used to image tissue elasticity throughout the body. One MRE technique that has received a great deal of attention is based on visualizing shear waves, which reveal stiffness by virtue of their local wavelength. However, the shape of propagating shear waves can also provide valuable information about the nonlinear stress-strain behavior of tissue.
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