Ultra high-frequency ultrasound of fascicles in the ulnar and radial nerves.

Introduction/aims: Ultra high-frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) has been demonstrated to allow easy visualization and quantification of median and digital nerve fascicles; however, there is a lack of normative data for other upper limb nerves. The purpose of this study was to use UHFUS to establish normative reference values and ranges for fascicle count and density within selected upper extremity nerves.

Methods: Twenty-one healthy volunteers underwent sonographic examination of the ulnar, superficial branch of the radial, and radial nerves on one upper limb using UHFUS with a 48 MHz linear transducer.

Ultrahigh-frequency ultrasound of fascicles in the common fibular, superficial fibular, and sural nerves.

Introduction/aims: While ultrasound assessment of cross-sectional area and echogenicity has gained popularity as a biomarker for various neuropathies, there is a scarcity of data regarding fascicle count and density in neuropathies or even healthy controls. The aim of this study was to determine whether fascicles within select lower limb nerves (common fibular, superficial fibular, and sural nerves) can be counted in healthy individuals using ultrahigh-frequency ultrasound (UHFUS).

Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers underwent sonographic examination of the common fibular, superficial fibular, and sural nerves on each lower limb using UHFUS with a 48 MHz linear transducer.

Safety of dietary nitrate supplementation by calcium nitrate for finishing pigs as measured by methemoglobin and serum and tissue nitrate levels.

Nitrate supplementation has been studied as a beneficial constituent of the human diet, particularly for its effects on vascular health through vasodilation. Recent studies have focused on the benefits of nitrate supplementation in animals, especially in swine. Up to 1,200 mg/kg dietary nitrate supplementation from Ca nitrate was beneficial in farrowing and lactating sows and their offspring, and up to 6,000 mg/kg supplemental nitrate showed no adverse health effects in sows or piglets.

Weanling pigs consume more feed if hybrid rye replaces corn in diets, but average daily gain and fecal scores are not impacted by hybrid rye.

An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that growth performance and health status of pigs will not be reduced if hybrid rye is included in diets at the expense of corn during the initial 5 wk post-weaning. A total of 128 weanling pigs (5.6 ± 0.

A standardized ultrasound approach in neuralgic amyotrophy.

Neuralgic amyotrophy (NA), also referred to as idiopathic brachial plexitis and Parsonage-Turner syndrome, is a peripheral nerve disorder characterized by acute severe shoulder pain followed by progressive upper limb weakness and muscle atrophy. While NA is incompletely understood and often difficult to diagnose, early recognition may prevent unnecessary tests and interventions and, in some situations, allow for prompt treatment, which can potentially minimize adverse long-term sequalae. High-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) has become a valuable tool in the diagnosis and evaluation of NA.

Bordetella bronchiseptica infections in patients with HIV/AIDS: A case report and review of the literature.

Rationale: Bordetella bronchiseptica is a common cause of upper respiratory tract infections in domesticated dogs and cats and a rare zoonotic pathogen in immunocompromised humans. With increasing numbers of people acquiring pets and spending time with them in confined spaces due to COVID-19 lockdowns, it is important to be aware of adverse health consequences brought about by this interaction. We present a case of B bronchiseptica pneumonia in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and review key characteristics of an additional 30 cases of B bronchiseptica infections in 29 patients with HIV/AIDS that were identified by literature review.

High inclusion rates of hybrid rye instead of corn in diets for growing-finishing pigs do not influence the overall growth performance and most carcass traits are not influenced by hybrid rye.

It was hypothesized that hybrid rye may replace corn in diets for growing and finishing pigs without impacting growth performance, carcass characteristics, or meat quality. A total of 128 pigs (23.69 ± 2.

An update on prevention of malaria in travelers.

Malaria, a parasitic disease caused by protozoa belonging to the genus , continues to represent a formidable public health challenge. Despite being a preventable disease, cases reported among travelers have continued to increase in recent decades. Protection of travelers against malaria, a potentially life-threatening disease, is of paramount importance, and it is therefore necessary for healthcare professionals to be up to date with the most recent recommendations.

Hybrid rye may replace up to 75% of the corn in diets for gestating and lactating sows without negatively impacting sow and piglet performance.

An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that hybrid rye can replace a part of the corn in gestation and lactation diets without negatively affecting sow and litter performance. For each phase, a corn-soybean meal diet and three diets in which hybrid rye replaced 25%, 50%, or 75% of corn were formulated. Two hundred sows were randomly allotted by parity to the four treatments.

Intrinsic phytase in hybrid rye increases the digestibility of phosphorus in corn and soybean meal in diets fed to growing pigs.

An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that inclusion of hybrid rye in diets containing corn and soybean meal (SBM) without or with microbial phytase improves the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P because of the intrinsic phytase activity in hybrid rye. Forty-eight growing barrows (initial body weight: 39.5 ± 7.

Effects of microbial phytase on standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus in hybrid rye, barley, wheat, corn, and sorghum fed to growing pigs.

An experiment was conducted to determine the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in three varieties of hybrid rye and in one source of barley, wheat, corn, and sorghum. The STTD of P in each cereal grain was determined both without and with addition of microbial phytase. In total, 112 growing barrows (13.

The apparent ileal digestibility and the apparent total tract digestibility of carbohydrates and energy in hybrid rye are different from some other cereal grains when fed to growing pigs.

An experiment was conducted to determine the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy, starch, and total dietary fiber (TDF) in two varieties of hybrid rye and compare these values with values obtained for barley, wheat, corn, and sorghum. It was hypothesized that there are no differences in AID and ATTD of energy and nutrients among hybrid rye, barley, wheat, and sorghum. Twenty-four ileal cannulated barrows (initial body weight = 28.

Beyond the Walls: An Evaluation of a Pre-Release Planning (PReP) Programme for Sentenced Mentally Disordered Offenders.

Prison mental health services have tended to focus on improving the quality of care provided to mentally disordered offenders at the initial point of contact with the prison system and within the prison environment itself. When these individuals reach the end of their sentence and return to the community, there is an increased risk of morbidity, mortality, homelessness and re-imprisonment. New models of care have been developed to minimize these risks.

Apparent and standardized ileal digestibility of AA and starch in hybrid rye, barley, wheat, and corn fed to growing pigs.

An experiment was conducted to determine the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of AA and starch and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA in three varieties of hybrid rye and in one source of barley, wheat, and corn. Seven growing barrows (initial BW = 26.1 ± 2.

Gastrointestinal Traumatic Injuries: Gastrointestinal Perforation.

The abdomen is a big place even in a small person. Gastrointestinal trauma can result in injury to the stomach, small bowel, colon, or rectum. Traumatic causes include blunt or penetrating trauma, such as gunshot wounds, stabbings, motor vehicle collisions, and crush injuries.

Innovations in Cardiovascular Patient Care: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Aortic valve disease is a common and serious valvular disorder. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement is an option requiring nursing knowledge for the best patient outcome.

Comparison of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation versus open aortic valve replacement.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the differences in postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement by open repair (OAVR) versus those undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation by the transapical approach (TAVI-A) or transfemoral approach (TAVI-F).

Design: A retrospective review of data from aortic valve replacement patients.

Setting: A private, non-profit hospital.

Inhibition of NaCl appetite when DOCA-treated rats drink saline.

Marked increases in the consumption of concentrated NaCl solution were elicited in rats by daily injection of the synthetic mineralocorticoid, deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA). DOCA-treated rats drank different volumes of NaCl solution depending on its concentration (between 0.15 M and 0.

Surface plasmon resonance shows that type IV pili are important in surface attachment by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Type IV pili have been shown to play a role in the early stages of bacterial biofilm formation, but not in initial bacterial attachment. Here, using the surface analytical technique, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we follow the attachment of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa in real time. In contrast to previous studies, we show that type IV pili mutants are defective in attachment.

Evaluating risk factors for violence at the inpatient unit level: combining young adult patients and those with mental retardation.

The current study demonstrates the use of patient case mix to evaluate the probability of aggression occurring on an inpatient psychiatric unit. The impact of combining young adult psychiatric patients with patients classified with mental retardation on the overall negative events and injuries on an inpatient psychiatric unit was evaluated. Results suggest when the combined number of young adults and patients classified with mental retardation exceeds 10 the unit is at high risk for aggressive behavior occurring.

Media influences on children and adolescents: violence and sex.

The portrayal of violence, sex, and drugs/alcohol in the media has been known to adversely affect the behavior of children and adolescents. There is a strong association between perceptions of media messages and observed behavior, especially with children. Lately, there has been more of a focus in the public health/medical field on media influences of youth and the role of the pediatrician and/or healthcare worker in addressing this area of growing concern.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome associated with risperidone and olanzapine in first-episode schizophrenia.

This case report describes an 18-year-old African American male who presented to a state psychiatric facility with symptoms of bizarre behavior, delusions and auditory hallucination. He was diagnosed with schizophrenia and treated with eight days of risperidone followed by five days of olanzapine. During this two-week period, this patient began to develop signs and symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS).