Early Days in the Hunt Laboratory at UVA, 1969 to 1980.

Arriving at the University of Virginia in the autumn of 1969, Donald Hunt began his 50+ year career in academics with the study of organometallic chemistry, on which he had done his PhD thesis work, and mass spectrometry, to which he was introduced while a postdoc in Klaus Biemann's laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In the 1970s, Hunt's lab pioneered the use of negative chemical ionization (CI) to enhance sensitivity for studying organic molecules, developed a system for simultaneously obtaining positive and negative CI spectra to augment structure elucidation, and built a prototype triple quadrupole instrument so effective at collisional dissociation that its commercial counterpart became the analytical instrument of choice for mixture analysis for the next decade and beyond. Foreseeing that the future lay in the analysis of biological molecules, by the end of the decade Hunt shifted his focus to peptides.

New Processes for Ionizing Nonvolatile Compounds in Mass Spectrometry: The Road of Discovery to Current State-of-the-Art.

This covers discovery and mechanistic aspects as well as initial applications of novel ionization processes for use in mass spectrometry that guided us in a series of subsequent discoveries, instrument developments, and commercialization. matrix-assisted ionization on an intermediate pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization source the use of a laser, high voltages, or any other added energy was simply unbelievable, at first. Individually and as a whole, the various discoveries and inventions started to paint, , an exciting new picture and outlook in mass spectrometry from which key developments grew that were at the time unimaginable, and continue to surprise us in its simplistic preeminence.

Understanding consumer food choices & promotion of healthy and sustainable Mediterranean diet and lifestyle in children and adolescents through behavioural change actions: the DELICIOUS project.

Over the last decades, the abandonment of traditional dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, represents an important threat for human health and environmental safeguard. The DELICIOUS project aims to promote healthy lifestyles among children and adolescents by implementing activities and tools to increase the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with an attention to the environmental impacts of the diet. This study protocol describes the DELICIOUS project as a single-arm, uncontrolled behavioural intervention providing formal and non-formal education activities, development of new snacks and recipe reformulation, web/mobile app development, and physical activities to school children and adolescents in five European countries.

Minimally Invasive Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease.

Minimally invasive cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease has gained increasing acceptance within the specialty. However, most suitable candidates are still treated with a conventional median sternotomy. Adoption of minimally invasive techniques has proven essential in the surgical repair of acquired heart disease to increase patient satisfaction and to remain competitive in an ever-changing medical field.

Instrumentation development, improvement, simplification, and miniaturization: The multifunctional plate source for use in mass spectrometry.

In remembrance of Prof. Dr Przybylski, we are presenting a vision towards his beloved mass spectrometry (MS) and its far-reaching promises outside of the academic laboratory. Sub-atmospheric pressure (AP) ionization MS is well positioned to make a step-change in direct ionization, a concept that allows ionization and mass analyses of volatile and nonvolatile molecules from clean or dirty samples, directly, accurately, sensitively, and in a straightforward manner that has the potential to expand the field of MS into unchartered application areas.

Development of the Stressors among Parents in Youth Sport Survey (SPYSS).

Objectives: Parents of youth sport athletes report a variety of stressors associated with their child's participation in youth sport settings. However, research examining associations between parents' stressors and relevant outcomes is limited due to the lack of a comprehensive and validated measure of parents' stressors in youth sport. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to develop and provide preliminary validation of the Stressors among Parents in Youth Sport Survey (SPYSS).

Associations between the misinformation effect, trauma exposure and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression.

This research aimed to conduct an initial investigation into the relationships between the "misinformation effect" and trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Study 1 was a pilot study developing an online misinformation paradigm that could assess the influence of emotion and arousal on memory distortions. Participants ( = 162,  = 39.

Connecting the biology of stress, allostatic load and epigenetics to social structures and processes.

How do sociology and stress biology connect in efforts to understand the impact of early childhood adversity on health and life chances? This memorial article describes the collaboration between Bruce and Craig McEwen in bringing stress neurobiology to sociologists. It attempts, in turn, to bring sociology to stress neurobiologists, the second goal of this collaboration. It frames the social sources of human stress in terms of the social determinants of health as well as more proximal childhood adversities.

Moral injury appraisals in young people from refugee backgrounds in Melbourne, Australia.

Objective: While moral injury can influence psychological outcomes experienced by adult refugees, no research to date has examined moral injury among young refugees. This study aimed to investigate the associations between moral injury and mental health in young people with refugee backgrounds.

Method: Participants were 85 young refugees (58.

Morbidity and mortality in patients managed with high compared with low blood pressure targets during on-pump cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: Many believe that blood pressure management during cardiac surgery is associated with postoperative outcomes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the impact of high compared with low intraoperative blood pressure targets on postoperative morbidity and mortality in adults undergoing cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Our primary objective was to inform the design of a future large RCT.

Moderating role of moral injury in the mental health of adolescent refugees.

Objective: This study investigated whether moral injury appraisals moderated the relationships between trauma, postmigration living difficulties, resilience, and mental health outcomes in adolescent refugees.

Method: Eighty-five adolescent refugees from a community sample completed an online survey.

Results: A significant interaction was found between moral injury and discrimination for externalizing and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms; adolescents whom had experienced high levels of discrimination combined with high levels of moral injury had poorer mental health.

Retrograde autologous priming in cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Guidelines recommend retrograde autologous priming (RAP) of the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit. However, the efficacy and safety of RAP is not well-established. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effects of RAP on transfusion requirements, morbidity and mortality.

Temporal Trends in Inpatient Oncology Census Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Rates of Nosocomial COVID-19 Among Patients with Cancer at a Large Academic Center.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted health care systems. However, to date, the trend of hospitalizations in the oncology patient population has not been studied, and the frequency of nosocomial spread to patients with cancer is not well understood. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on inpatient oncology census and determine the nosocomial rate of COVID-19 in patients with cancer admitted at a large academic center.

Impact of provincial and national implementation strategies on P2Y12 inhibitor utilization for acute coronary syndrome in the elderly: an interrupted time series analysis from 2008 to 2018.

Background: Guidelines recommend both acetylsalicylic acid and ticagrelor following acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but appropriate prescription practices lag. We analyzed the impact of government medication approval, national guideline updates, and publicly funded drug coverage plans on P2Y12 inhibitor utilization.

Methods: Accessing provincial databases, we obtained data for elderly ACS patients in Ontario, Canada, between 2008 and 2018.

Sublimation Driven Ionization for Use in Mass Spectrometry: Mechanistic Implications.

Sublimation has been known at least since the middle ages. This process is frequently taught in schools through the use of phase diagrams. Astonishingly, such a well-known process appears to still harbor secrets.

A Combination MAI and MALDI Vacuum Source Operational from Atmospheric Pressure for Fast, Robust, and Sensitive Analyses.

Previously, vacuum matrix-assisted ionization (vMAI) was employed with matrix/analyte sample introduction into the vacuum of a mass spectrometer on a probe sample introduction device. Low attomole detection was achieved, while no carryover was observed even for concentrated samples. Here, we report a new vacuum ionization source designed to duplicate the sensitivity and robustness of probe device while providing fast multisample introduction to vacuum and rapid sequential ionization.

Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Metastatic Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Inpatient Setting.

Background: As indications for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy have increased in recent years, so has the proportion of patients eligible for this type of therapy. However, a lack of data exists about the risks and benefits of ICI therapy in hospitalized patients, who tend to be frailer and sicker than patients enrolled in clinical trials.

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among hospitalized patients with metastatic solid tumors who received ICI therapy at a large academic cancer center over the course of 4 years.

Examining the impact of the Respect in Sport Parent Program on the psychosocial experiences of minor hockey athletes.

Models of positive youth development suggest that athletes may be influenced by parent education programmes; however, there is little research examining the impact of such programmes on athlete outcomes. This study examined the impact of the Respect in Sport Parent Program on athlete outcomes among minor hockey players over three years. This study consisted of cross-sectional and longitudinal online surveys measuring athletes' positive and negative developmental experiences, prosocial and antisocial behaviours, parental support and pressure, and sport enjoyment and commitment.