Postpartum long-acting reversible contraceptive adoption after a statewide initiative.

Objectives: To examine the effects of a comprehensive, multiyear (2015-2020) statewide contraceptive access intervention in Delaware on the contraceptive initiation of postpartum Medicaid patients. The program aimed to increase access to all contraceptives, including long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC). The program included interventions specifically targeting postpartum patients (Medicaid payment reform and hospital-based immediate postpartum (IPP) LARC training) and interventions in outpatient settings (provider training and operational supports).

Factors Associated with Antihypertensive Therapy Prescription in Youth Delaware Medicaid Recipients with Primary Hypertension Diagnosis.

Background: Higher neighborhood deprivation is associated with hypertension diagnosis in youth. In this study, we assess if there is an association between neighborhood deprivation and antihypertensive therapy prescription among insured youth with a primary hypertension diagnosis.

Methods: Using a retrospective cross-sectional design, we assessed the proportion of youth with a diagnosis of primary hypertension prescribed antihypertensive therapy.

Evaluating Approaches to Linking Evictions Records:: Assessing the Feasibility of Research with Integrated Data.

Objectives: This study investigates different approaches to integrating evictions data with Medicaid and homeless shelter utilization records at the individual level for the state of Delaware. We especially focus on evaluating the feasibility of creating an integrated dataset focused on children and adolescents through different approaches to matching.

Methods: We attempt to link existing statewide records on evictions, Medicaid, and shelter from 2017-2019.

Health & Housing in Delaware:: Matching Medicaid Claims and Encounters and the Community Management Information System Databases.

This study draws upon data from two databases: claims and encounters that were reimbursed by the state's Division of Medicaid and Medical Assistance (DMMA) and the Homeless Management Information System (HMIS) database that collects homeless services data on individuals experiencing homelessness. Records from both sets are matched to identify 838 adults who both experienced homelessness and were Medicaid eligible in 2019, and to select, through propensity score matching, an equal set of control observations who were similarly Medicaid-eligible but had no record of homelessness. Outcomes are compared based upon scores on the Charlson Elixhauser Comorbidity index, incidence of substance use disorder, inpatient, emergency department, and outpatient visits, and inpatient, emergency department, and outpatient costs.

Trends in Use of Medication to Treat Opioid Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic in 10 State Medicaid Programs.

Importance: Federal and state agencies granted temporary regulatory waivers to prevent disruptions in access to medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) during the COVID-19 pandemic, including expanding access to telehealth for MOUD. Little is known about changes in MOUD receipt and initiation among Medicaid enrollees during the pandemic.

Objectives: To examine changes in receipt of any MOUD, initiation of MOUD (in-person vs telehealth), and the proportion of days covered (PDC) with MOUD after initiation from before to after declaration of the COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE).

Impact of Health Literacy on Medication Adherence Among Black Medicaid Beneficiaries with Hypertension in Delaware: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by limited health literacy. Therefore, this study assessed census block health literacy level and medication adherence in Delaware among Black individuals with hypertension (HTN) receiving health care through Medicaid. This was a cross-sectional study of Black Delaware Medicaid beneficiaries (18-64 years old) from the 3 counties in Delaware (Kent, New Castle, and Sussex) from 2016 to 2019.

Duration of medication for opioid use disorder during pregnancy and postpartum by race/ethnicity: Results from 6 state Medicaid programs.

Background: Medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) is evidence-based treatment during pregnancy and postpartum. Prior studies show racial/ethnic differences in receipt of MOUD during pregnancy. Fewer studies have examined racial/ethnic differences in MOUD receipt and duration during the first year postpartum and in the type of MOUD received during pregnancy and postpartum.

Association of Area Deprivation With Primary Hypertension Diagnosis Among Youth Medicaid Recipients in Delaware.

Importance: The association between degree of neighborhood deprivation and primary hypertension diagnosis in youth remains understudied.

Objective: To assess the association between neighborhood measures of deprivation and primary hypertension diagnosis in youth.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study included 65 452 Delaware Medicaid-insured youths aged 8 to 18 years between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019.

Prevalence of Testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Among Medicaid Enrollees Treated With Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in 11 States, 2016-2019.

Background: Limited information exists about testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among Medicaid enrollees after starting medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), despite guidelines recommending such testing. Our objectives were to estimate testing prevalence and trends for HIV, HBV, and HCV among Medicaid enrollees initiating MOUD and examine enrollee characteristics associated with testing.

Methods: We conducted a serial cross-sectional study of 505 440 initiations of MOUD from 2016 to 2019 among 361 537 Medicaid enrollees in 11 states.

Same-day long-acting reversible contraceptive utilization after a statewide contraceptive access initiative.

Background: Same-day placement of long-acting reversible contraceptives, occurring when the device is requested and placed within a single visit, reduces barriers to the patient and reduces unintended pregnancies. Despite the safety and efficacy of same-day placement, access to same-day services remains low.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Delaware Contraceptive Access Now initiative, a statewide initiative in Delaware focused on increasing same-day access to effective contraception on same-day receipt of long-acting reversible contraceptives.

Outpatient follow-up and use of medications for opioid use disorder after residential treatment among Medicaid enrollees in 10 states.

Background: Follow-up after residential treatment is considered best practice in supporting patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) in their recovery. Yet, little is known about rates of follow-up after discharge. The objective of this analysis was to measure rates of follow-up and use of medications for OUD (MOUD) after residential treatment among Medicaid enrollees in 10 states, and to understand the enrollee and episode characteristics that are associated with both outcomes.

Design, Implementation, and Evolution of the Medicaid Outcomes Distributed Research Network (MODRN).

Background: In the US, Medicaid covers over 80 million Americans. Comparing access, quality, and costs across Medicaid programs can provide policymakers with much-needed information. As each Medicaid agency collects its member data, multiple barriers prevent sharing Medicaid data between states.

Proinflammatory signaling in islet β cells propagates invasion of pathogenic immune cells in autoimmune diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes is a disorder of immune tolerance that leads to death of insulin-producing islet β cells. We hypothesize that inflammatory signaling within β cells promotes progression of autoimmunity within the islet microenvironment. To test this hypothesis, we deleted the proinflammatory gene encoding 12/15-lipoxygenase (Alox15) in β cells of non-obese diabetic mice at a pre-diabetic time point when islet inflammation is a feature.

Delaware Contraceptive Access Now and Contraceptive Initiation Among Medicaid Enrollees, 2015‒2020.

Delaware Contraceptive Access Now was a statewide contraceptive access program implemented in Delaware between 2015 and 2020. We evaluated the association of the program with contraceptive initiation in Delaware's Medicaid program using a difference-in-differences design that compared changes in Delaware to changes in Maryland. Results suggest that program implementation was associated with increased initiation of long-acting reversible methods, particularly among adolescent patients aged 15 to 18 years.

Duration of medication treatment for opioid-use disorder and risk of overdose among Medicaid enrollees in 11 states: a retrospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) reduces harms associated with opioid use disorder (OUD), including risk of overdose. Understanding how variation in MOUD duration influences overdose risk is important as health-care payers increasingly remove barriers to treatment continuation (e.g.

Postpartum Follow-up Care for Pregnant Persons With Opioid Use Disorder and Hepatitis C Virus Infection.

Among Medicaid-enrolled pregnant persons with opioid use disorder, one third are diagnosed with hepatitis C virus, but only 6% receive postpartum follow-up or medication treatment.

R|S Atlas: Identifying existing cohort study data resources to accelerate epidemiological research on the influence of religion and spirituality on human health.

Objective: Many studies have documented significant associations between religion and spirituality (R/S) and health, but relatively few prospective analyses exist that can support causal inferences. To date, there has been no systematic analysis of R/S survey items collected in US cohort studies. We conducted a systematic content analysis of all surveys ever fielded in 20 diverse US cohort studies funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to identify all R/S-related items collected from each cohort's baseline survey through 2014.

Use of Medications for Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder Among US Medicaid Enrollees in 11 States, 2014-2018.

Importance: There is limited information about trends in the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) among Medicaid enrollees.

Objective: To examine the use of medications for OUD and potential indicators of quality of care in multiple states.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Exploratory serial cross-sectional study of 1 024 301 Medicaid enrollees in 11 states aged 12 through 64 years (not eligible for Medicare) with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9 or ICD-10) codes for OUD from 2014 through 2018.

Postpartum contraception method type and risk of a short interpregnancy interval in a state Medicaid population.

Objective: To evaluate the likelihood of a short interpregnancy interval (IPI) resulting in a birth among women covered by Medicaid, as a function of postpartum contraceptive method type.

Study Design: We used Medicaid claims and eligibility data to identify women (aged 15-44) who had a Medicaid-financed birth in Delaware in the years 2012-2014 (n = 10,328). Claims were analyzed to determine postpartum contraceptive type within 60 days of the index birth, and linked birth certificates were used to determine the incidence and timing of a subsequent birth through 2018 (regardless of payer).

Implementation of the Uniformed Services University Pain Registry Biobank: A Military and Veteran Population-Focused Biobank and Registry.

Objective: The objective of this overview is to discuss the development, implementation, data content, and structure of the Uniformed Services University Pain Registry Biobank. Additionally, procedures and policies for accessing samples for pain-related research purposes are detailed.

Design: Cross-sectional overview.

Measuring health-care delays among privately insured patients with tuberculosis in the USA: an observational cohort study.

Background: A high index of suspicion is needed to initiate appropriate testing for tuberculosis due to its protean symptoms, yet health-care providers in low-incidence settings are becoming less familiar with the disease as rates decline. We aimed to estimate delays in tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment at the US national level between 2008 and 2016.

Methods: In this retrospective observational cohort study, we repurposed private insurance claims data provided by Aetna (Connecticut, USA), to measure health-care delays in tuberculosis diagnosis in the USA in 2008-16.

A Semi-Automated Approach for Multilingual Terminology Matching: Mapping the French Version of the ICD-10 to the ICD-10 CM.

The aim of this study was to develop a simple method to map the French International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD-10) with the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10 CM). We sought to map these terminologies forward (ICD-10 to ICD-10 CM) and backward (ICD-10 CM to ICD-10) and to assess the accuracy of these two mappings. We used several terminology resources such as the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) Metathesaurus, Bioportal, the latest version available of the French ICD-10 and several official mapping files between different versions of the ICD-10.

"Power of Mom": A Mixed Methods Investigation of Mothers' Influence on Women's Contraceptive Attitudes and Behaviors.

Objectives: Unintended pregnancy is an individual and public health problem with significant social and economic consequences. The literature has established that parents, especially mothers, play an important role in shaping the contraceptive attitudes and behaviors of young women and could therefore affect the likelihood of their daughter experiencing an unintended pregnancy. However, research has yet to fully explore the nuances of how mothers influence their daughters with respect to contraception.

The Impact of Surgical Amputation and Valproic Acid on Pain and Functional Trajectory: Results from the Veterans Integrated Pain Evaluation Research (VIPER) Randomized, Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objective: To determine if the perioperative administration of valproic acid reduces the incidence of chronic pain three months after amputation or revision surgery.

Design: Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Setting: Academic, military, and veteran medical centers.