Mock Juror Perceptions of Eyewitness Reports Given by Children with Intellectual Disabilities.

Previous research suggests that an eyewitness credibility bias can arise when mock jurors are informed of a child's disability diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to examine mock jurors' lie-detection accuracy and credibility perceptions when assessing eyewitness testimonies provided by children diagnosed with an intellectual disability. Adult mock jurors (N = 217; half informed of the child's disability status) read four transcriptions from interviews with children (ages 10 to 15) diagnosed with an intellectual disability before evaluating the credibility and truthfulness of each eyewitness report.

Accentuated Eccentric Loading and Alternative Set Structures: A Narrative Review for Potential Synergies in Resistance Training.

Chae, S, McDowell, KW, Baur, ML, Long, SA, Tufano, JJ, and Stone, MH. Accentuated eccentric loading and alternative set structures: A narrative review for potential synergies in resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 38(11): 1987-2000, 2024-As athletes become adapted to training over time, it becomes more difficult to develop their strength and power.

Association between JAK2 variable allele frequency and risk of thrombotic events in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Background: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a group of chronic disorders of the bone marrow characterised by the overproduction of clonal myeloid stem cells. The most common driver mutation found in MPNs is a point mutation on exon 14 of the JAK2 gene, JAK2. Various studies have suggested that measuring the variable allele frequency (VAF) of JAK2 may provide useful insight regarding diagnosis, treatment, risks and outcomes in MPN patients.

Building a regional pediatric asthma learning health system in support of optimal, equitable outcomes.

Introduction: Asthma is characterized by preventable morbidity, cost, and inequity. We sought to build an Asthma Learning Health System (ALHS) to coordinate regional pediatric asthma improvement activities.

Methods: We generated quantitative and qualitative insights pertinent to a better, more equitable care delivery system.

Racial and ethnic disparities in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among United States adults, aged 27-45 years.

In 2018, the Food and Drug Administration expanded the age of eligibility for the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine to 27 to 45 years. However, it is unclear if there are racial/ethnic disparities in HPV vaccine uptake for this age-group following this expanded recommendation. We aimed to identify any disparities in HPV vaccine in 27 to 45 year-olds based on sociodemographic factors.

Prognostic Models for Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Importance: Accurate risk prediction of morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) may help clinicians risk stratify and inform care decisions.

Objective: To develop and validate a novel prediction model for clinical outcomes in patients with HFpEF using routinely collected variables and to compare it with a biomarker-driven approach.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Data were used from the Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the Lives of Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure (DELIVER) trial to derive the prediction model, and data from the Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibition in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (PARAGON-HF) and the Irbesartan in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Study (I-PRESERVE) trials were used to validate it.

Decreased oxytocin levels related to social cognition impairment in borderline personality disorder.

Introduction: Dysfunctions in the oxytocin system have been reported in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Deficits could be related to interpersonal hypersensitivity, which has been previously associated with failures in social cognition (SC) in this disorder, especially in Theory of Mind (ToM) skills. The aim of this work is to study the links between the oxytocin system and SC impairments in patients with BPD.

Combined Accentuated Eccentric Loading and Rest Redistribution in High-Volume Back Squat: Acute Stimulus and Fatigue.

Chae, S, Long, SA, Lis, RP, McDowell, KW, Wagle, JP, Carroll, KM, Mizuguchi, S, and Stone, MH. Combined accentuated eccentric loading and rest redistribution in high-volume back squat: Acute stimulus and fatigue. J Strength Cond Res 38(4): 648-655, 2024-The purpose of this study was to examine acute stimulus and fatigue responses to combined accentuated eccentric loading and rest redistribution (AEL + RR).

Functionality of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells derived from head and neck cancer patients - A FDA-IND enabling study regarding MSC-based treatments for radiation-induced xerostomia.

Purpose: Salivary dysfunction is a significant side effect of radiation therapy for head and neck cancer (HNC). Preliminary data suggests that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can improve salivary function. Whether MSCs from HNC patients who have completed chemoradiation are functionally similar to those from healthy patients is unknown.

Combined Accentuated Eccentric Loading and Rest Redistribution in High-Volume Back Squat: Acute Kinetics and Kinematics.

Chae, S, Long, SA, Lis, RP, McDowell, KW, Wagle, JP, Carroll, KM, Mizuguchi, S, and Stone, MH. Combined accentuated eccentric loading and rest redistribution in high-volume back squat: Acute kinetics and kinematics. J Strength Cond Res 38(4): 640-647, 2024-The purpose of this study was to explore acute kinetic and kinematic responses to combined accentuated eccentric loading and rest redistribution (AEL + RR).

Cardiotoxicity of BRAF/MEK Inhibitors: A Longitudinal Study Incorporating Contemporary Definitions and Risk Scores.

Background: Rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma B-type (BRAF) and mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitors have revolutionized treatment for patients with BRAF-mutated melanoma. Although left ventricular systolic dysfunction associated with these therapies has been reported in clinical trials, the real-world incidence is poorly defined, as are risk factors for its development.

Objectives: This study sought to characterize the incidence, time course, and risk factors for cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) in patients with melanoma receiving BRAF and MEK inhibitors.

Neuropeptide Y is elevated in heart failure and is an independent predictor of outcomes.

Aims: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is the most abundant neuropeptide found in the heart and is released alongside norepinephrine following prolonged sympathetic activation, a process that is implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF). In patients with severely impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy, higher levels of NPY measured in coronary sinus blood, are associated with poorer outcome. The aim was to examine the association of peripheral venous NPY levels and outcomes in a HF population with a range of LVEF, using a highly sensitive and specific assay.

Semantic Categorization of Naming Responses Based on Prearticulatory Electrical Brain Activity.

Purpose: Object naming requires visual decoding, conceptualization, semantic categorization, and phonological encoding, all within 400 to 600 ms of stimulus presentation and before a word is spoken. In this study, we sought to predict semantic categories of naming responses based on prearticulatory brain activity recorded with scalp EEG in healthy individuals.

Methods: We assessed 19 healthy individuals who completed a naming task while undergoing EEG.

Eosinophilic plastic bronchitis: Case series and review of the literature.

Plastic bronchitis is a term used to describe group of life-threatening disorders characterized by the presence of large obstructing casts in the airways. Eosinophilic plastic bronchitis is a subtype of plastic bronchitis that occurs mainly in children and has not been well-described in the literature. Patients may have a history of asthma or atopy, but many do not.

Marrow-Derived Autologous Stromal Cells for the Restoration of Salivary Hypofunction (MARSH): A pilot, first-in-human study of interferon gamma-stimulated marrow mesenchymal stromal cells for treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia.

Background Aims: Xerostomia, or the feeling of dry mouth, is a significant side effect of radiation therapy for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Preliminary data suggest that mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) can improve salivary function. We performed a first-in-human pilot study of interferon gamma (IFNγ)-stimulated autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs, or MSC(M), for the treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia (RIX).

Identifying asthma-related risks during hospitalization using the child asthma risk assessment tool.

The Child Asthma Risk Assessment Tool (CARAT) identifies risk factors for asthma morbidity. We hypothesized that CARAT-identified risk factors (using a CARAT adapted for inpatient use) would be associated with future healthcare utilization and would identify areas for intervention. We reviewed CARAT data collected during pediatric asthma admissions from 2010-2015, assessing for risk factors in environmental, medical, and social domains and providing prompts for inpatient (specialist consultation or social services engagement) and post-discharge interventions (home care visit or home environmental assessment).

Children with uncontrolled asthma from economically disadvantaged neighborhoods: Needs assessment and the development of a school-based telehealth and electronic inhaler monitoring system.

Background: Children from economically disadvantaged communities often encounter healthcare access barriers, increasing risk for poorly controlled asthma and subsequent healthcare utilization. This highlights the need to identify novel intervention strategies for these families.

Objective: To better understand the needs and treatment preferences for asthma management in children from economically disadvantaged communities and to develop a novel asthma management intervention based on an initial needs assessment and stakeholder feedback.

Incremental prognostic value of biomarkers in PARADIGM-HF.

Aims: It is uncertain how much candidate biomarkers improve risk prediction when added to comprehensive models including routinely collected clinical and laboratory variables in heart failure.

Methods And Results: Aldosterone, cystatin C, high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT), galectin-3, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), kidney injury molecule-1, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, soluble suppression of tumourigenicity-2, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio were measured in 1559 of PARADIGM-HF participants. We tested whether these biomarkers, individually or collectively, improved the performance of the PREDICT-HF prognostic model, which includes clinical, routine laboratory, and natriuretic peptide data, for the primary endpoint and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.

An anti-infodemic virtual center for the Americas.

The Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) Anti-Infodemic Virtual Center for the Americas (AIVCA) is a project led by the Department of Evidence and Intelligence for Action in Health, PAHO and the Center for Health Informatics, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Center on Information Systems for Health, at the University of Illinois, with the participation of PAHO staff and consultants across the region. Its goal is to develop a set of tools-pairing AI with human judgment-to help ministries of health and related health institutions respond to infodemics. Public health officials will learn about emerging threats detected by the center and get recommendations on how to respond.

Interventions, outcomes and outcome measurement instruments in stillbirth care research: A systematic review to inform the development of a core outcome set.

Background: A core outcome set could address inconsistent outcome reporting and improve evidence for stillbirth care research, which have been identified as an important research priority.

Objectives: To identify outcomes and outcome measurement instruments reported by studies evaluating interventions after the diagnosis of a stillbirth.

Search Strategy: Amed, BNI, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.