Updated phylogeny of Vestimentifera (Siboglinidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) based on mitochondrial genomes, with a new species.

Siboglinid tubeworms are found at chemosynthetic environments worldwide and the Vestimentifera clade is particularly well known for their reliance on chemoautotrophic bacterial symbionts for nutrition. The mitochondrial genomes have been published for nine vestimentiferan species to date. This study provides new complete mitochondrial genomes for ten further Vestimentifera, including the first mitochondrial genomes sequenced for Alaysia spiralis, Arcovestia ivanovi, Lamellibrachia barhami, Lamellibrachia columna, Lamellibrachia donwalshi, and unnamed species of Alaysia and Oasisia.

Phylogenomic analyses of echinoid diversification prompt a re-evaluation of their fossil record.

Echinoids are key components of modern marine ecosystems. Despite a remarkable fossil record, the emergence of their crown group is documented by few specimens of unclear affinities, rendering their early history uncertain. The origin of sand dollars, one of its most distinctive clades, is also unclear due to an unstable phylogenetic context.

A new Lamellibrachia species and confirmed range extension for Lamellibrachia barhami (Siboglinidae, Annelida) from Costa Rica methane seeps.

Lamellibrachia Webb, 1969 has eight currently recognized species reported from chemosynthetic environments in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Mediterranean. Of these, Lamellibrachia barhami Webb, 1969 has been reported in the eastern Pacific from Canada to Costa Rica. In this study, phylogenetic analyses of Lamellibrachia tubeworms sampled from the Costa Rica margin confirm the large geographic range of L.

Phylogeny of hydrothermal vent Iphionidae, with the description of a new species (Aphroditiformia, Annelida).

The scale-worm family Iphionidae consists of four genera. Of these, has two accepted species, both native to hydrothermal vents in the Pacific Ocean; Miura, 1994 (West Pacific) and Hartmann-Schröder, 1992 (East Pacific Rise). is also known from the Pacific, and has two recognized species; Pettibone, 1986 (East Pacific Rise, hydrothermal vents) and Pettibone, 1986 (West Pacific, deep sea).

Changes in radiographic abnormalities in organ donors: associations with lung transplantation.

Background: Only 20% of organ donors are considered suitable for lung transplantation. No extensive study exists that has evaluated changes in thoracic radiographic abnormalities in organ donors. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of radiographic abnormalities on successful transplantation.

Mixed infiltrative and obstructive disease on high-resolution CT: differential diagnosis and functional correlates in a consecutive series.

Fourteen of 400 consecutive patients having high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) with expiratory images showed findings of infiltrative lung disease on inspiratory HRCT and air trapping on expiratory CT. Diagnoses included hypersensitivity pneumonitis, sarcoidosis, atypical infection, and pulmonary edema. The extent of infiltrative abnormalities and air trapping were correlated with pulmonary function tests (PFT) in 11 patients.

Inhomogeneous lung attenuation at thin-section CT: diagnostic value of expiratory scans.

Purpose: To determine the utility of expiratory scans for diagnosis of inhomogeneous attenuation on thin-section computed tomographic (CT) scans.

Materials And Methods: On the basis of clinical information and pulmonary function test results, disease in 53 patients with inhomogeneous attenuation on inspiratory scans was classified into four groups--infiltrative, airway, vascular, or mixed. Without knowledge of the diagnosis, inhomogeneous attenuation was classified as (a) ground-glass opacity due to infiltrative disease, (b) mosaic perfusion due to airway disease, or (c) mosaic perfusion due to vascular disease, and the degree of confidence was indicated.

Miliary lung disease after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy.

Clinical and radiologic findings in a 73-year-old man who developed a systemic illness while receiving intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy for bladder cancer are presented. Thin-section chest computed tomographic findings included a diffuse pattern of small nodules consistent with miliary disease. Potential mechanisms explaining the pulmonary disease resulting from intravesical BCG treatment include a hypersensitivity reaction or actual BCG infection of the lungs.

Computed tomography of pancreatic pseudocysts of the duodenum.

The findings of computed tomography (CT) in seven patients with pancreatic pseudocysts involving the duodenum are reported. Specific CT characteristics of duodenal wall involvement by the pseudocysts are tubular configuration of the pseudocyst, extending along the wall and conforming to the course of the duodenum (seven of seven), and abrupt flattening of the otherwise tubular or spherical pseudocyst at the border of the duodenal lumen (five of seven). The second part of the duodenum was involved in all cases; in some cases the first part of the duodenum was also involved (two of seven), and in others the pseudocyst extended to the third part of the duodenum (two of seven).

Bronchogenic carcinoma: staging with MR compared with staging with CT and surgery.

Thirty-three patients suspected of having bronchogenic carcinoma were studied prospectively using magnetic resonance (MR). In this group, 30 underwent examination with computed tomography (CT), 15 underwent thoracotomy, six had mediastinal biopsy procedures performed, and eight underwent bronchoscopy. MR studies, which included transaxial spin-echo imaging (TR, 0.

CT of aortoenteric fistulas.

We compared CT findings with endoscopic, angiographic and surgical results in ten patients suspected of having an aortoenteric fistula (AEF) because of gastrointestinal bleeding (seven) or recurrent sepsis (three). CT correctly diagnosed AEF in six patients and excluded it in the other four. CT findings of AEF consisted of perigraft fluid (PGF) (5/6) and/or gas within the bed of the graft (4/6) later than three months after graft surgery.