An overview of systematic reviews investigating clinical features for diagnosing neck pain and its associated disorders.

Background: Neck pain is a common condition that is often difficult to diagnose. Previous literature has investigated diagnostic accuracy of examination measures, but the strength and clinical applicability are limited. This overview of systematic reviews aimed to investigate clinical features for diagnosing neck pain and its associated disorders.

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances and disrupted sleep: mediating roles of proteins.

Background: Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contamination may disrupt sleep through disrupted metabolic and immune functions. The study aims to investigate the association and potential mechanism between PFAS and sleep.

Methods: We included 136 young adults recruited between 2014-2018 and 76 were re-assessed between 2020-2022.

Extended Monitoring for Transition to Oral Corticosteroids in Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis May Be Unnecessarily Prolonging Length of Stay.

Background: There is no guideline regarding whether patients treated with intravenous corticosteroids for acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) should be monitored in the hospital after transitioning to oral steroids. Our study aimed to: (1) compare rates of oral steroid transition failure and 30-day readmission between ASUC hospitalizations with extended inpatient monitoring compared to accelerated inpatient monitoring, and (2) identify predictors of oral steroid transition failure.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of ulcerative colitis (UC) related admissions at UCSF from 2014 to 2022 was conducted comparing rates of steroid transition failures in extended inpatient monitoring (≥ 24 h on oral steroids prior to discharge) to accelerated inpatient monitoring (< 24 h on oral steroids).

Impact of childhood exposure to traffic related air pollution on adult cardiometabolic health: Exploring the role of perceived stress.

Background: Little is known about how childhood exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and stress interact to affect adults' cardiometabolic health. We examined this interaction and assessed the impact of over 10 years of childhood TRAP exposure on cardiometabolic health.

Methods: From 2018 to 2023, 313 young adults from the Southern California Children's Health Study were enrolled in a follow-up assessment.

Final analysis of the ALTTO trial: adjuvant trastuzumab in sequence or in combination with lapatinib in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer [BIG 2-06/NCCTG N063D (Alliance)].

Background: Dual anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) blockade has improved the outcomes of patients with early and metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer. Here we present the final 10-year analysis of the ALTTO trial.

Patients And Methods: The ALTTO trial (NCT00490139) is a prospective randomized, phase III, open-label, multicenter study that investigated the role of adjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab alone, in combination or sequentially with lapatinib.

Risk of Intestinal Complications, Extraintestinal Morbidity, and Mortality in Patients with Crohn's Disease and Ocular Involvement.

Purpose: Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and subsequent ocular manifestations may have worse outcomes when compared to matched patients with CD without ocular disease.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, an aggregated electronic health records research network, TriNetX (Cambridge, MA, USA), was used to identify patients diagnosed with CD stratified by the presence or absence of ocular involvement with at least 1 year of follow-up. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to control for baseline demographics and medical comorbidities.

Prenatal Exposure to Source-Specific Fine Particulate Matter and Autism Spectrum Disorder.

In this study, associations between prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from 9 sources and development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were assessed in a population-based retrospective pregnancy cohort in southern California. The cohort included 318,750 mother-child singleton pairs.

Decomposing the variance: The unique and shared associations of fine and ultrafine particulate matter exposed during pregnancy with child autism spectrum disorder.

While fine particulate matter (PM) has been associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), few studies focused on ultrafine particles (PM). Given that fine and ultrafine particles can be highly correlated due to shared emission sources, challenges remain to distinguish their health effects. In a retrospective cohort of 318,371 mother-child pairs (4549 ASD cases before age 5) in Southern California, pregnancy average PM and PM were estimated using a California-based chemical transport model and assigned to residential addresses.

Adjuvant Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab in Early Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Breast Cancer in the APHINITY Trial: Third Interim Overall Survival Analysis With Efficacy Update.

JCO The APHINITY trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01358877) previously demonstrated that pertuzumab added to adjuvant trastuzumab and chemotherapy improved invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) for patients with early human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BC). Here, we report the preplanned third interim analysis of overall survival (OS) and a descriptive updated iDFS analysis with 8.

Recall of Flavor at First E-cigarette Use and Its Association with E-cigarette Progression: The Mediating Effects of First Sensory Experience.

Objective: To test whether the association between flavor at first vape and continued use is mediated through subjective experience at first vape.

Study Design: In a 2020 cross-sectional survey, 955 young adult ever-vapers recalled their first flavor vaped, subjective experiences at first use, current vaping behavior, nicotine dependence, and quit attempts. A latent class model grouped first-use subjective experiences into classes.

Dysregulated metabolic pathways associated with air pollution exposure and the risk of autism: Evidence from epidemiological studies.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder with symptoms that range from social and communication impairments to restricted interests and repetitive behavior and is the 4th most disabling condition for children aged 5-14. Risk factors of ASD are not fully understood. Environmental risk factors are believed to play a significant role in the ASD epidemic.

Integrating Multi-Omics with environmental data for precision health: A novel analytic framework and case study on prenatal mercury induced childhood fatty liver disease.

Background: Precision Health aims to revolutionize disease prevention by leveraging information across multiple omic datasets (multi-omics). However, existing methods generally do not consider personalized environmental risk factors (e.g.

Exposure to multiple ambient air pollutants changes white matter microstructure during early adolescence with sex-specific differences.

Background: Air pollution is ubiquitous, yet questions remain regarding its impact on the developing brain. Large changes occur in white matter microstructure across adolescence, with notable differences by sex.

Methods: We investigate sex-stratified effects of annual exposure to fine particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO), and ozone (O) at ages 9-10 years on longitudinal patterns of white matter microstructure over a 2-year period.

Midwifery experiences in rural Southern Aotearoa New Zealand: insights into pre-eclampsia management.

Aim: This study investigated the experiences of rural midwives in the Southern region of Aotearoa New Zealand, focussing on practices and challenges in caring for pregnant individuals displaying signs of pre-eclampsia (PE).

Method: Conducted as part of the University of Otago's Trainee Intern Healthcare Evaluation Project, investigating the efficacy of the soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1)/placental growth factor (PlGF) ratio test, this exploratory study employed qualitative research methods. Twenty-three midwives from nine locations across the Southern region were interviewed by trainee intern doctors (TIs) using a semi-structured interview protocol.

Effects of exposure to snus marketing with versus without modified risk tobacco product claims on snus use intention and perceived harm among young adults.

Background: We tested whether snus marketing with modified risk tobacco product (MRTP) claims: (a) promotes accurate knowledge about snus's health effects in young adults and (b) encourages use intentions in only those who use combustible tobacco without attracting other young adult populations.

Methods: A randomised between-subjects experiment was embedded in a 2020 web survey of participants from Los Angeles (aged 19-23 years). Participants viewed mass-marketed snus advertising materials with (n=1212) vs without (n=1225) US Food and Drug Administration-authorised MRTP claims.

Association Between Cardiovascular Health and Subclinical Atherosclerosis Among Young Adults Using the American Heart Association's "Life's Essential 8" Metrics.

Background: This study investigated the association of American Heart Association's cardiovascular health guidelines Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and Life's Simple 7 (LS7) with carotid artery outcomes among young adults.

Methods And Results: This cross-sectional study included 240 young adults (age 24.2±1.