Imaging the renal mass: a historical review.

A matter of months after Roentgen's landmark discovery in 1895, Roentgen's rays were focused on diseases and disorders of the urinary tract, specifically the kidney. At the dawn of the 20th century, urologists in the United States and around the world quickly recognized that by using a variety of metal stylets and radiopaque contrast agents, such as silver salts, the upper urinary tract, namely the ureter, pelvis, and calyces, could be depicted with radiography. Renal cysts and tumors were diagnosed on the basis of deformities in the kidney.

Simplified imaging approach for evaluation of the solid renal mass in adults.

Current patterns of imaging utilization lead to frequent serendipitous discovery of renal lesions. Today, the majority of solid renal masses that are ultimately proved to be renal cell carcinomas were incidental findings on imaging studies performed for non-urinary tract symptoms. While earlier discovery has led to treatment of smaller and earlier-stage malignancies, the percentage of benign lesions discovered has also increased.

FDG-PET/CT in the evaluation of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

This comprehensive case series illustrates the findings on 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D: -glucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) of patients with varying stages of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Patients were imaged with full-body scanning using a General Electric Discovery ST 16-slice PET/CT machine. Patients were assessed by PET/CT for cutaneous, nodal, and solid organ FDG uptake, indicative of highly metabolically active (i.

Meigs syndrome and gliomatosis peritonei: a case report and review of literature.

To the best of our knowledge, pseudo-Meigs syndrome (PMS) has never been described in the setting of gliomatosis peritonei (GP), both arising from an ovarian teratoma. We present a case of ovarian teratoma with both these rare findings. The case is unique as it presents two rare manifestations of ovarian teratoma in the same patient; there are many cases in the literature where both these manifestations have been described in different patients.

Imaging and cancer: research strategy of the American College of Radiology Imaging Network.

The American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN) is a cooperative group funded by the National Cancer Institute and dedicated to developing and conducting clinical trials of diagnostic imaging and image-guided treatment technologies. ACRIN's six disease site committees are responsible for developing scientific strategies and resultant trials within the framework of ACRIN's five key hypotheses: (a) Screening and early detection with imaging can reduce cancer-specific mortality. (b) Less invasive image-guided therapeutic methods can reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with treating cancer.

Long-term outcome of caliceal diverticula following percutaneous endosurgical management.

Purpose: We review the morbidity and long-term outcome of percutaneous caliceal diverticulectomy and associated stone extraction.

Materials And Methods: Percutaneous caliceal diverticulectomy was performed in 19 women and 11 men (age range 20 to 58 years), of whom 26 had stones (all 15 mm. or less).

Bolus injection v drip infusion contrast administration for ureteral stone targeting during shockwave lithotripsy.

Intraoperative excretory urography may be used to facilitate stone targeting during in situ SWL for ureteral stones, precluding the need for ureteral catheter placement. We compared bolus injection with drip infusion urography for efficacy in stone localization. Twenty-seven patients with normal renal function and a solitary, difficult to visualize, radiopaque ureteral calculus were randomized to receive intravenous contrast by either bolus injection (N = 13) or drip infusion (N = 14).

Helical (spiral) CT angiography for identification of crossing vessels at the ureteropelvic junction.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of imaging crossing vessels at the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) with helical (spiral) CT angiography for planning surgical repair of symptomatic UPJ obstruction.

Subjects And Methods: Twenty-four consecutive patients with symptomatic UPJ obstruction were imaged with dual-phase, contrast-enhanced helical CT (collimation, 3 mm; pitch, 1.3-1.

Angiomyolipoma and renal cell carcinoma: US differentiation.

Purpose: To analyze whether shadowing and other ultrasound (US) features were helpful for distinguishing angiomyolipoma (AML) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Materials And Methods: US images were reviewed of 49 patients with RCC and 35 patients with AML. Each tumor was evaluated for size, location, echogenicity, homogeneity, shadowing, hypoechoic rim, and intratumoral cysts.

Corynebacterium urealyticum (CDC Group D2) associated with staghorn calculus: treatment by percutaneous debulking and chemolysis.

We report the formation of a staghorn calculus in a transplanted kidney caused by infection with a urea-splitting Corynebacterium group D2 organism. The stone was debulked percutaneously followed by intravenous vancomycin administration and urinary acidification with oral acetohydroxamic acid, leading to clearance of nearly all of the stone.

Determination of serum creatinine level before intravenous administration of iodinated contrast medium. A survey.

Rationale And Objectives: To study the practice of obtaining serum creatinine before administering intravenous iodinated contrast medium and the costs associated with this practice.

Materials And Methods: In June 1993, a questionnaire was sent to 217 physicians who are members of the Society of Uroradiology or the Society of Computed Body Tomography/Magnetic Resonance. There were 149 respondents who completed a total of 70 questionnaires, providing a response rate of 69% (149/217).

Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy of middle ureteral stones: are ureteral stents necessary?

Objectives: To ascertain whether insertion of a ureteral stent improves the outcome of middle ureteral (overlying the pelvic bone) stones treated with extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL).

Methods: Thirty-three patients with middle ureteral stones were treated with ESWL at our institution between October 1991 and October 1994. Twenty-six patients were available for follow-up; 14 patients were treated with stent bypass, 8 were treated in situ, and 4 patients were treated after percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN).

The continuing competence needs of physicians: a survey of the medical specialty societies.

The exchange of information among the medical specialty boards regarding assessment protocols, testing outcomes, and validity studies has had an important effect on how individual boards choose to accomplish their goal of validating competence [1]. With many recertification programs firmly in place, the focus now shifts to the societies' responses to recertification and to the emerging needs of their members as they face the prospect of documenting continuing competence. How the specialty societies understand and complement the efforts of their certifying boards and what types of programs they are developing in response to the continuing competence and recertification needs of their individual members is information that has not, to date, been collected or reported.

The extraperitoneal approach and subcutaneous emphysema are associated with greater absorption of carbon dioxide during laparoscopic renal surgery.

Purpose: We investigated the association of carbon dioxide absorption with the approach (transperitoneal versus extraperitoneal) and other factors during laparoscopy.

Materials And Methods: Carbon dioxide elimination during laparoscopic renal surgery was retrospectively calculated in 63 patients.

Results: Carbon dioxide elimination increased with time.