Evaluation of an HIV homecare program for lost-to-follow-up populations: a mixed methods study in Detroit, Michigan.

Background: Maintaining people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in clinical care is a global priority. In the Metro Detroit area of Michigan, approximately 30% of PLWHIV are out of care. To re-engage lost-to-follow-up patients, Wayne Health Infectious Disease clinic launched an innovative Homecare program in 2017.

The molecular tug of war between immunity and fertility: Emergence of conserved signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms.

Reproduction and immunity are energy intensive, intimately linked processes in most organisms. In women, pregnancy is associated with widespread immunological adaptations that alter immunity to many diseases, whereas, immune dysfunction has emerged as a major cause for infertility in both men and women. Deciphering the molecular bases of this dynamic association is inherently challenging in mammals.

Size Matters for Interplicata Diameter: A Case-Control Study of Plateau Iris.

Purpose: Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) has been used to characterize anterior segment dimensions in plateau iris configuration (PIC), but transverse measurements between the recesses of the ciliary sulcus (sulcus-to-sulcus diameter [STSD]) and the ciliary body processes (interplicata diameter [IPD]) have not been reported. We measured STSD and IPD and compared these among eyes with PIC, primary angle closure (PAC), and control eyes with open angles.

Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional clinical study.

Five-year PFS from the AETHERA trial of brentuximab vedotin for Hodgkin lymphoma at high risk of progression or relapse.

The phase 3 AETHERA trial established brentuximab vedotin (BV) as a consolidative treatment option for adult patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) at high risk of relapse or progression after autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (auto-HSCT). Results showed that BV significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) vs placebo plus best supportive care alone. At 5-year follow-up, BV continued to provide patients with sustained PFS benefit; 5-year PFS was 59% (95% confidence interval [CI], 51-66) with BV vs 41% (95% CI, 33-49) with placebo (hazard ratio [HR], 0.

Cavitary Choroidal Metastasis from Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Purpose: To report the clinical, funduscopic, and echographic features of a choroidal metastatic tumor from a clear cell renal cell carcinoma presenting with intralesional cavitation.

Case Report: An 81-year-old man with history of clear cell renal cell carcinoma presented with blurred vision. A clinical examination including standardized ultrasound was performed, which revealed a choroidal mass with cystic-like cavitation.

Comparative Study of Clinical, Ultrasonographic, Conventional Imaging, and Ultra-Wide-Field Fundus for Measurements of the Longest Basal Diameter of Choroidal Tumors.

Background And Objective: To compare the maximum basal diameter of choroidal tumors measured by clinical estimation and different imaging methods in intraocular tumors for therapeutic planning.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective, observational study reviewing the measurements of the longest basal diameter of choroidal tumors using the clinical estimation based on the indirect ophthalmoscopy, ophthalmic ultrasonography, 50° fundus imaging, ultra-wide-field imaging color composite, red laser, and green laser.

Results: The study included measurements of 74 tumors in 74 eyes.

X Chromosome Crossover Formation and Genome Stability in Caenorhabditis elegans Are Independently Regulated by xnd-1.

The germ line efficiently combats numerous genotoxic insults to ensure the high fidelity propagation of unaltered genomic information across generations. Yet, germ cells in most metazoans also intentionally create double-strand breaks (DSBs) to promote DNA exchange between parental chromosomes, a process known as crossing over. Homologous recombination is employed in the repair of both genotoxic lesions and programmed DSBs, and many of the core DNA repair proteins function in both processes.

Correction: DAF-16 and TCER-1 Facilitate Adaptation to Germline Loss by Restoring Lipid Homeostasis and Repressing Reproductive Physiology in C. elegans.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.

Long-term trajectories of self-reported cognitive function in a cohort of older survivors of breast cancer: CALGB 369901 (Alliance).

Background: The number of survivors of breast cancer aged ≥65 years ("older") is growing, but to the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding the cognitive outcomes of these individuals.

Methods: A cohort of cognitively intact older survivors with nonmetastatic, invasive breast cancer was recruited from 78 sites from 2004 through 2011; approximately 83.7% of the survivors (1280 survivors) completed baseline assessments.

Promotion of Homologous Recombination by SWS-1 in Complex with RAD-51 Paralogs in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Homologous recombination (HR) repairs cytotoxic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) with high fidelity. Deficiencies in HR result in genome instability. A key early step in HR is the search for and invasion of a homologous DNA template by a single-stranded RAD-51 nucleoprotein filament.

DAF-16 and TCER-1 Facilitate Adaptation to Germline Loss by Restoring Lipid Homeostasis and Repressing Reproductive Physiology in C. elegans.

Elimination of the proliferating germline extends lifespan in C. elegans. This phenomenon provides a unique platform to understand how complex metazoans retain metabolic homeostasis when challenged with major physiological perturbations.

The XPA-binding domain of ERCC1 is required for nucleotide excision repair but not other DNA repair pathways.

The endonuclease ERCC1-XPF incises the damaged strand of DNA 5' to a lesion during nucleotide excision repair (NER) and has additional, poorly characterized functions in interstrand cross-link repair, double-strand break repair, and homologous recombination. XPA, another key factor in NER, interacts with ERCC1 and recruits it to sites of damage. We identified ERCC1 residues that are critical for the interaction with XPA and assessed their importance for NER in vitro and in vivo.

Inverted human umbilical arteries with tunable wall thicknesses for nerve regeneration.

Tubular nerve guides have shown a potential to bridge nerve defects, by directing neuronal elongation, localizing growth factors, and inhibiting fibrotic cellular ingrowth. These investigations describe a novel acellular scaffold derived from the human umbilical cord artery that aims to enhance nerve regeneration by presenting a unique mechanical and chemical environment to the damaged nerve ends. A rapid, semiautomated dissection technique is described that isolates the human umbilical artery (HUA) from the umbilical cord, after which the vessel is decellularized using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).

Mutations responsible for Larsen syndrome cluster in the FLNB protein.

Background: A gene for Larsen syndrome was recently described, and mutations were reported in five cases.

Objective: To test whether mutations in this gene, FLNB, could explain the disease in our independent collection of sporadic and dominant Larsen syndrome cases; and to test whether mutations occurred in a non-random pattern.

Results: Missense mutations were found in each of five cases.