Eliminating episodic memory?

In Tulving's initial characterization, episodic memory was one of multiple memory systems. It was postulated, in pursuit of explanatory depth, as displaying proprietary operations, representations and substrates such as to explain a range of cognitive, behavioural and experiential phenomena. Yet the subsequent development of this research programme has, paradoxically, introduced surprising doubts about the nature, and indeed existence, of episodic memory.

A cross-sectional study examining perceptions of discriminatory behaviors experienced and witnessed by veterinary students undertaking clinical extra-mural studies.

Introduction: Recent research showed that 29% of respondents in a survey of veterinary professionals reported experiencing self-described discrimination in their workplaces. Senior colleagues and clients were responsible for discriminatory behaviors. As part of their training, veterinary students are expected to undertake extra-mural study (EMS) within these same workplaces and are likely to be vulnerable to discrimination from senior colleagues and clients.

Social implications of autonomous vehicles: a focus on time.

The urban environment is increasingly engaging with artificial intelligence, a focus on the automation of urban processes, whether it be singular artefacts or city-wide systems. The impact of such technological innovation on the social dynamics of the urban environment is an ever changing and multi-faceted field of research. In this paper, the space and time defined by the autonomous vehicle is used as a window to view the way in which a shift in urban transport dynamics can impact the temporal experience of an individual.

Does the character-based dimension of stories impact narrative processing? An event-related potentials (ERPs) study.

This event-related potentials (ERPs) study investigated online processes of integration of information relating to characters in narrative comprehension. The final sample included twenty-nine participants who read short third-person stories in which the plausibility of the characters' actions was manipulated. Stories were administered in three conditions: a character-based congruent condition including a target word that was consistent with the character's job; a character-based incongruent condition with a target word inconsistent with the character's job; a character-based neutral condition, narrating the action of a character presented by his/her proper name without information about his/her job.

Are observer memories (accurate) memories? Insights from experimental philosophy.

A striking feature of our memories of the personal past is that they involve different visual perspectives: one sometimes recalls past events from one's original point of view (a field perspective), but one sometimes recalls them from an external point of view (an observer perspective). In philosophy, observer memories are often seen as being less than fully genuine and as being necessarily false or distorted. This paper looks at whether laypeople share the standard philosophical view by applying the methods of experimental philosophy.

Inhibition of myocardial cathepsin-L release during reperfusion following myocardial infarction improves cardiac function and reduces infarct size.

Aims: Identifying novel mediators of lethal myocardial reperfusion injury that can be targeted during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is key to limiting the progression of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to heart failure. Here, we show through parallel clinical and integrative preclinical studies the significance of the protease cathepsin-L on cardiac function during reperfusion injury.

Methods And Results: We found that direct cardiac release of cathepsin-L in STEMI patients (n = 76) immediately post-PPCI leads to elevated serum cathepsin-L levels and that serum levels of cathepsin-L in the first 24 h post-reperfusion are associated with reduced cardiac contractile function and increased infarct size.

Remembering the Personal Past: Beyond the Boundaries of Imagination.

What is the relation between episodic memory and episodic (or experiential) imagination? According to the causal theory of memory, memory differs from imagination because remembering entails the existence of a continuous causal connection between one's original experience of an event and one's subsequent memory, a connection that is maintained by a memory trace. The simulation theory rejects this conception of memory, arguing against the necessity of a memory trace for successful remembering. I show that the simulation theory faces two serious problems, which are better explained by appealing to a causal connection maintained by a memory trace.

How is the emerging role of domiciliary physiotherapists who treat residents with dementia in nursing homes perceived by allied health professionals? A phenomenological interview study.

Dementia affects majority of older residents in nursing homes and physiotherapists are regularly involved with this population. However, little is known about the role of physiotherapists who treat residents with dementia in nursing homes. The aim of this paper was to report on an interpretivist qualitative exploration of the perceptions of both the providers of and referrers to domiciliary physiotherapy for residents with dementia in nursing homes in London.

Increasing Access to Palliative Care Services in the Intensive Care Unit.

Background: The Institute of Medicine's report, Dying in America, highlights the critical need for the widespread implementation of palliative care to improve end-of-life care. Approximately 20% of all deaths in America occur during or shortly after an intensive care unit (ICU) admission; therefore, it is important for critical care units to have systems in place to facilitate patient access to palliative care services.

Objectives: The aim of this quality improvement (QI) project was to develop and implement a palliative care screening tool using evidence-based triggers to help increase the proportion of palliative care consultations in the ICU setting.

Runx1 Deficiency Protects Against Adverse Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of heart failure and death worldwide. Preservation of contractile function and protection against adverse changes in ventricular architecture (cardiac remodeling) are key factors to limiting progression of this condition to heart failure. Consequently, new therapeutic targets are urgently required to achieve this aim.

Looking the past in the eye: Distortion in memory and the costs and benefits of recalling from an observer perspective.

Jordi Fernández (2015) discusses the possible benefits of two types of allegedly distorted memories: observer memories and fabricated memories. Fernández argues that even when memory does not preserve the past, some memories can still provide an adaptive benefit for the subject. I explore Fernández's claims focussing on the case of observer perspective memories.

Gene Therapy With Angiotensin-(1-9) Preserves Left Ventricular Systolic Function After Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Angiotensin-(1-9) [Ang-(1-9)] is a novel peptide of the counter-regulatory axis of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system previously demonstrated to have therapeutic potential in hypertensive cardiomyopathy when administered via osmotic mini-pump. Here, we investigate whether gene transfer of Ang-(1-9) is cardioprotective in a murine model of myocardial infarction (MI).

Objectives: The authors evaluated effects of Ang-(1-9) gene therapy on myocardial structural and functional remodeling post-infarction.

High-Fidelity Patient Simulation Increases Dietetic Students' Self-Efficacy Prior to Clinical Supervised Practice: A Preliminary Study.

Objective: This study examined the effect of high-fidelity patient simulation (HPS) on dietetics students' self-efficacy before supervised clinical practice.

Methods: This repeated-measures study was conducted during the 2012-2013 academic year. All students in a masters coordinated program cohort (n = 19) participated in an interprofessional HPS experience before clinical supervised practice.

A Pre-clinical Animal Model of Trypanosoma brucei Infection Demonstrating Cardiac Dysfunction.

African trypanosomiasis (AT), caused by Trypanosoma brucei species, results in both neurological and cardiac dysfunction and can be fatal if untreated. Research on the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease has centred to date on the characteristic neurological symptoms, whereas cardiac dysfunction (e.g.

Use of a food frequency questionnaire to fulfill the research competency requirement for dietetics students.

This article describes a research project developed by the Nutrition Division at Georgia State University (GSU). The project involved students' development of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and satisfied the research competency requirements of the American Dietetic Association's accrediting body. Both Coordinated Program students and Dietetic Interns from a variety of research training backgrounds were trained as a single group on topics related to the research requirements and that would prepare them to develop and use a FFQ.

Prilocaine induced methaemoglobinaemia in a medically compromised patient. Was this an inevitable consequence of the dose administered?

Patient M, a 45-year old female, was admitted for extractions with local anaesthetic, sedation and monitoring. This was to be carried out on an in patient basis due to the patient's extensive medical history which included rheumatic heart disease, previous deep vein thrombosis and severe ulcerative colitis. Patient M also gave a history of allergy to penicillin and lignocaine.

Phagocyte priming as a prognostic indicator in the intensive care unit.

Background: The purpose of this study was to study the temporal changes in circulating phagocyte respiratory burst activity and its relationship to mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods: Thirty-seven consecutive patients over a 3-week period were studied on their first, third, and seventh day of admission to the regional ICU in Northern Ireland. Blood samples were assayed for respiratory burst activity using luminol-enhanced whole blood chemiluminescence.

The effects of subanaesthetic concentrations of xenon in volunteers.

This study reports the subjective, psychomotor and physiological properties of subanaesthetic concentrations of xenon. Ten healthy male volunteers received either xenon or nitrous oxide in a randomised crossover study design. The subjects breathed either xenon (Xe) or nitrous oxide (N2O) from a closed circuit breathing system, according to a randomised, double-blind protocol.

Use of remifentanil in a patient with peripartum cardiomyopathy requiring Caesarean section.

We describe a case of a 26 yr old primigravida at 39 weeks' gestation, with a diagnosis of peripartum cardiomyopathy, requiring urgent Caesarean section. The patient presented in severe heart failure and active labour. A general anaesthetic, using a target-controlled infusion of propofol and an intravenous infusion of remifentanil, was used to provide stable anaesthesia and analgesia for a successful delivery.

Economic implications of neonatal intensive care unit collaborative quality improvement.

Objective: To make measurable improvements in the quality and cost of neonatal intensive care using a multidisciplinary collaborative quality improvement model.

Design: Interventional study. Data on treatment costs were collected for infants with birth weight 501 to 1500 g for the period of January 1, 1994 to December 31, 1997.