Exploring Occupational Therapy Practice for Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder.

Occupational therapy's whole-person approach is well-suited to address the complex needs of children and youth with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). However, literature regarding best practices for occupational therapy practitioners working with this population is lacking. This article delineates the role and scope of occupational therapy practice for children and youth with FASD, focusing on holistic and strengths-based approaches.

Quantifying radiation exposure in the radiological investigation of non-arthritic hip pain.

Radiological investigations are essential for evaluating underlying structural abnormalities in patients presenting with non-arthritic hip pain. The aim of this study is to quantify the radiation exposure associated with common radiological investigations performed in assessing patients presenting with non-arthritic hip pain. A retrospective review of our institutional imaging database was performed.

Feasibility of embedding orthopaedic clinical trials into national registries: a pilot quality improvement study for the UK Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry (UK-NAHR).

The integration of 'Registry-based Randomised Control Trials' (RRCT) into national registries has the potential to catalyse prospective research, enhancing the evidence base for practice. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of embedding a trial within the UK Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry. This was a national observational, multi-centre study.

Nurse and Social Worker Palliative Telecare Team and Quality of Life in Patients With COPD, Heart Failure, or Interstitial Lung Disease: The ADAPT Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Many patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure (HF), and interstitial lung disease (ILD) endure poor quality of life despite conventional therapy. Palliative care approaches may benefit this population prior to end of life.

Objective: Determine the effect of a nurse and social worker palliative telecare team on quality of life in outpatients with COPD, HF, or ILD compared with usual care.

Birmingham Royal Orthopaedic Hospital (BROH) Femoral Offset-An Ancillary Measure of Adult Dysplasia of the Hip.

 Adult dysplasia of the hip (ADH) is a disorder of abnormal development of the hip joint resulting in a shallow acetabulum and uncovering of the femoral head. Several radiological measurements such as the Tönnis angle (acetabular index), lateral center edge angle of Wiberg, and cross-sectional imaging parameters exist to calculate hip dysplasia.  The aim of this article was to describe a new ancillary linear measure of ADH on cross-sectional imaging, the Birmingham Royal Orthopaedic Hospital (BROH) Femoral offset.

Navigating Ethical Tensions When Working to Address Social Inequities.

Importance: When providing services, occupational therapists encounter social inequities that affect the health and well-being of their clients and create ethical tensions.

Objective: To develop an understanding of the ethical tensions encountered by occupational therapists working with clients experiencing social inequity and how such tensions are navigated.

Design: This qualitative study used an interpretive description methodology.

Assessing a 12-month course of oral alendronate for adults with avascular necrosis of the hip: MANTIS RCT with internal pilot.

Background: People with avascular necrosis of the hip have very limited treatment options currently available to stop the progression of this disease; this often results in the need for a hip replacement. There is some weak evidence that a class of drugs called bisphosphonates may delay the course of the disease, and this trial was commissioned and set up to provide robust evidence regarding the use of bisphosphonates in adults aged ≥ 18 years with this condition.

Objectives: The aim of the Managing Avascular Necrosis Treatments: an Interventional Study ( MANTIS ) trial was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a 12-month course of alendronate in the treatment of avascular necrosis.

Lived experiences of adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.

Aim: To explore the lived experiences of adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) to understand: the ways in which their challenges influence daily functioning; and the personal assets and external resources that facilitate participation.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four adolescents (one identified as non-binary, one male, and two female) with FASD aged 13 to 15 years. A photo elicitation approach facilitated participation, whereby adolescents first took photographs of their daily activities and environments.

Can Non-Contrast 3T MRI scans predict the type of labral procedure in hip arthroscopy?

Purpose: The study proposed a simple classification system that aimed at predicting the labral procedure during hip arthroscopy using images from unenhanced 3T MRI scans.

Patents And Methods: Forty patients undergoing hip arthroscopy had their MRI scans reviewed pre-operatively by one of two senior radiologists and classified into: type 1: stable labrum with intra-substance degeneration (no labral repair required), type 2: unstable labrum, no intra-substance degeneration (labral repair required), or type 3: unstable labrum with intra-substance degeneration (Labral repair not feasible). Hip arthroscopy is carried out by one of two surgeons and classified accordingly while blinded to the radiologists' assessment.

Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on hip preservation surgery-a prospective surveillance from the UK Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry.

A multi-centre, registry-based cohort study was conducted to assess the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the provision of non-arthroplasty hip surgery (NAHS) in the UK by (i) comparing the number of NAHS performed during the pandemic to pre-pandemic levels, (ii) prospectively auditing compliance to established guidance and (iii) evaluating post-operative outcomes and their predictors. Patients who underwent NAHS during the pandemic/pre-pandemic were selected from the Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry, which collects demographic, procedural and pre-operative outcome data. Patients during the pandemic period were emailed separate COVID-19 surveillance questionnaires, which evaluated adherence to guidelines and post-operative outcomes.

Comparison of early outcomes of arthroscopic labral repair or debridement : a study using the UK Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry dataset.

Aims: This study uses prospective registry data to compare early patient outcomes following arthroscopic repair or debridement of the acetabular labrum.

Methods: Data on adult patients who underwent arthroscopic labral debridement or repair between 1 January 2012 and 31 July 2019 were extracted from the UK Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry. Patients who underwent microfracture, osteophyte excision, or a concurrent extra-articular procedure were excluded.

Evidence-based practice and clinical reasoning in occupational therapy: A cross-sectional survey in Chile.

Introduction: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a critical framework for supporting clinical decision-making that has been increasingly promoted in occupational therapy over the last 20 years. Discipline-specific EBP frameworks and resources have emerged, primarily created by scholars from developed countries. However, EBP has received limited attention in literature published in developing and non-English speaking countries.

Periacetabular Osteotomy for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip and Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Study Using the U.K. Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry (NAHR) Data Set.

Background: Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a well-recognized procedure for the treatment of hip dysplasia in young adults and can be used for the surgical management of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) with acetabular retroversion. The aim of this study was to use a national database to assess the outcomes of PAO for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and for FAI.

Methods: All patients in whom an isolated PAO had been performed between January 2012 and February 2019 were identified in the Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry (NAHR).

Experiences of Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and Their Families: A Critical Review.

Evidence suggests that children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) experience challenges across many areas of their daily lives and often require interprofessional supports. Recent studies have emphasized the need for an integrated system of care for children with FASD, incorporating medical, allied health, and education services, to facilitate open communication and support for the complex needs that many children experience. To develop such a system of care, it is important to first understand the impact of FASD on children's functioning during daily activities in different environmental contexts.

The use of pelvic radiographs as a predictor for gluteal tendinopathy and bursitis.

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between radiographic measurements of the hip and sonographic evidence of gluteal tendinopathy and bursitis in patients with lateral hip pain.

Methods And Materials: Patients with lateral hip pain referred for ultrasound of the hip in our institution over a 5-year period were identified. Findings of gluteal tendinopathy and subgluteal or trochanteric bursitis on ultrasound were recorded.

Effect of a Collaborative Care Intervention vs Usual Care on Health Status of Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: The CASA Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Many patients with chronic heart failure experience reduced health status despite receiving conventional therapy.

Objective: To determine whether a symptom and psychosocial collaborative care intervention improves heart failure-specific health status, depression, and symptom burden in patients with heart failure.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A single-blind, 2-arm, multisite randomized clinical trial was conducted at Veterans Affairs, academic, and safety-net health systems in Colorado among outpatients with symptomatic heart failure and reduced health status recruited between August 2012 and April 2015.

The Birmingham Interlocking Pelvic Osteotomy for acetabular dysplasia: 13- to 21-year survival outcomes.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of the Birmingham Interlocking Pelvic Osteotomy (BIPO).

Patients And Methods: In this prospective study, we report the mid- to long-term clinical outcomes of the first 100 consecutive patients (116 hips; 88 in women, 28 in men) undergoing BIPO, reflecting the surgeon's learning curve. Failure was defined as conversion to hip arthroplasty.

Rationale and study design of a patient-centered intervention to improve health status in chronic heart failure: The Collaborative Care to Alleviate Symptoms and Adjust to Illness (CASA) randomized trial.

While contemporary heart failure management has led to some improvements in morbidity and mortality, patients continue to report poor health status (i.e., burdensome symptoms, impaired function, and poor quality of life).

Primary Results of the Patient-Centered Disease Management (PCDM) for Heart Failure Study: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Heart failure (HF) has a major effect on patients' health status, including their symptom burden, functional status, and health-related quality of life.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a collaborative care patient-centered disease management (PCDM) intervention to improve the health status of patients with HF.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Patient-Centered Disease Management (PCDM) trial was a multisite randomized clinical trial comparing a collaborative care PCDM intervention with usual care in patients with HF.

Efficacy of using an air arthrogram for EUA and injection of the hip joint in adults.

Aim: Hip arthrography usually requires the injection of iodine based dyes which can cause complications. We wanted to determine the accuracy of using air for hip arthrography.

Method: A prospective study was undertaken including all adults who had a hip arthrogram.

A semi-automated method for measuring femoral shape to derive version and its comparison with existing methods.

The measurement of femoral version is important in surgical planning of derotational osteotomies particularly for patients with proximal femoral deformity. It is, however, difficult to measure version accurately and differences of 10° to 15° have been found between repeated measurements. The aim of this work was first to develop a method of measuring femoral version angle where the definition of the neck axis is based on the three-dimensional point cloud making up the neck, second to automate many of the processes involved thus reducing the influence of human error and third to ensure the method could run on freely available software suitable for most computer platforms.

An analysis of Oxford hip and knee scores following primary hip and knee replacement performed at a specialist centre.

The Oxford hip and knee scores (OHS and OKS) are validated patient-reported outcome measures used in patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR), hip resurfacing (HR), total knee replacement (TKR) and unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR). We analysed the absolute OHS and OKS and change in scores following THR, HR, TKR, and UKR performed at one specialist centre. All patients undergoing and completing at least one Oxford score were eligible for inclusion in the study which included 27 950 OHS and 19 750 OKS in 13 682 patients.

Feasibility and acceptability of a collaborative care intervention to improve symptoms and quality of life in chronic heart failure: mixed methods pilot trial.

Background: People with chronic heart failure (HF) suffer from numerous symptoms that worsen quality of life. The CASA (Collaborative Care to Alleviate Symptoms and Adjust to Illness) intervention was designed to improve symptoms and quality of life by integrating palliative and psychosocial care into chronic care.

Objective: Our aim was to determine the feasibility and acceptability of CASA and identify necessary improvements.