Understanding and including 'pink-collar' workers in employment-based travel demand models.

The segmentation of commuters into either blue or white-collar workers remains is still common in urban transport models. Internationally, models have started to use more elaborate segmentations, more reflective of changes in labour markets, such as increased female participation. Finding appropriate labour market segmentations for commute trip modelling remains a challenge.

Size Isn't Everything: Geometric Tuning in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Its Implications for Carbon Nanodots.

Recent developments in light-emitting carbon nanodots and molecular organic semiconductors have seen renewed interest in the properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a family. The networks of delocalized π electrons in sp-hybridized carbon grant PAHs light-emissive properties right across the visible spectrum. However, the mechanistic understanding of their emission energy has been limited due to the ground state-focused methods of determination.

Associations of Mood on Objective and Subjective Cognitive Complaints in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS.

Healthcare workers commonly rely on patient self-report to identify problems with cognitive functioning among Persons Living with HIV (PLWH). Self-reported cognitive complaints may not accurately reflect objective cognitive performance and may be obscured by co-occurring depression. The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationships among depression, subjective cognitive complaints, and objective cognitive performance in PLWH using measures easily administered by healthcare workers.

Persistent infections support maintenance of a coronavirus in a population of Australian bats (Myotis macropus).

Understanding viral transmission dynamics within populations of reservoir hosts can facilitate greater knowledge of the spillover of emerging infectious diseases. While bat-borne viruses are of concern to public health, investigations into their dynamics have been limited by a lack of longitudinal data from individual bats. Here, we examine capture-mark-recapture (CMR) data from a species of Australian bat (Myotis macropus) infected with a putative novel Alphacoronavirus within a Bayesian framework.

New approaches narrow global species estimates for beetles, insects, and terrestrial arthropods.

It has been suggested that we do not know within an order of magnitude the number of all species on Earth [May RM (1988) Science 241(4872):1441-1449]. Roughly 1.5 million valid species of all organisms have been named and described [Costello MJ, Wilson S, Houlding B (2012) Syst Biol 61(5):871-883].

Brachial plexus birth palsy: multimodality imaging of spine and shoulder abnormalities in children.

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the imaging of brachial plexus palsy, including both pathologic conditions of the spine and shoulder and clinical background and management. CONCLUSION.

Duration of participation in continuous quality improvement: a key factor explaining improved delivery of Type 2 diabetes services.

Background: It is generally recognised that continuous quality improvement (CQI) programs support development of high quality primary health care systems. However, there is limited evidence demonstrating their system-wide effectiveness. We examined variation in quality of Type 2 diabetes service delivery in over 100 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander primary health care centres participating in a wide-scale CQI project over the past decade, and determined the influence of health centre and patient level factors on quality of care, with specific attention to health centre duration of participation in a CQI program.

Revised ultrasound criteria for appendicitis in children improve diagnostic accuracy.

Background: Use of CT in the evaluation of suspected appendicitis in children is common. Expanding the use of US would eliminate the radiation exposure associated with CT.

Objective: We describe new criteria that improve US's diagnostic accuracy for appendicitis, making it more comparable to CT in terms of sensitivity and specificity.

Associations between p53 overexpression and multiple measures of clinical outcome in high-risk, early stage or suboptimally-resected, advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancers A Gynecologic Oncology Group study.

Objective: The Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) performed a detailed analysis of p53 overexpression in previously-untreated women with invasive early or advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Methods: Women were eligible for the study if they provided a tumor block for translational research and participated in either GOG-157, a randomized phase III trial of three versus (vs.) six cycles of paclitaxel+carboplatin in high-risk, early stage EOC, or GOG-111, a randomized phase III trial of cyclophosphamide+cisplatin vs.

The combination of human neuronal serotonergic cell implants and environmental enrichment after contusive SCI improves motor recovery over each individual strategy.

A human neuronal cell line, hNT2.19, which secretes serotonin (5-HT) after differentiation, was used as a transplant source to improve motor dysfunction following severe contusive spinal cord injury (SCI). Also, environmental enrichment (EE) was added to the interspinal transplant treatment paradigm.

Social and environmental enrichment improves sensory and motor recovery after severe contusive spinal cord injury in the rat.

Neuropathic pain and motor dysfunction are difficult problems following spinal cord injury (SCI). Social and environmental enrichment (SEE), which models much of the clinical rehabilitation environment for post-SCI persons, is the focus of the current investigation which examines the effects of multiple-housing and the addition of climbing spaces, improved bedding and crawl toys on the sensory and motor recovery following a severe contusive SCI. Efficacy was determined with sensory testing, open-field motor behavioral testing, lesion volume analysis and quantification of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the lumbar spinal cord with and without SEE provided during the recovery period.

Preliminary evidence that prenatal alcohol damage may be visible in averaged ultrasound images of the neonatal human corpus callosum.

Brain damage consequent to prenatal alcohol exposure can be detected by measurements of the corpus callosum in the midline magnetic resonance (MR) brain image in adolescents and adults. The present article extends this finding into the neonatal period, when the power of detection to ameliorate the quality of the child's future life is greatest. The midline corpus callosum of the very young infant can be located reliably in multiple frames of clinical transfontanelle ultrasound.

Testosterone increases display behaviors but does not stimulate growth of adult plumage in male golden-collared manakins (Manacus vitellinus).

In order to attract females, male golden-collared manakins gather in leks and perform a complex display consisting of acrobatics accompanied by loud "wingsnapping". During this display, males show off their yellow beard and yellow, black, and green plumage that is striking in comparison to the dull green plumage of young males and females. We investigated the role of testosterone (T) in activating the display of manakins and in stimulating the growth of the adult male plumage.

Erythropoietin receptor function and expression in epithelial ovarian carcinoma.

Objective: Our objectives were to determine if the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) has increased expression in epithelial ovarian carcinoma, and if erythropoietin (Epo) confers malignant properties to ovarian cancer cell lines.

Methods: A Western blot analysis of protein lysates from normal ovarian surface epithelial cells and ovarian cancer cell lines was performed. In addition, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for EpoR in tissue specimens of normal, low malignant potential tumor, and epithelial ovarian carcinoma was performed.

Novel techniques to improve split-thickness skin graft viability during vulvo-vaginal reconstruction.

Background: Split-thickness skin grafts are often utilized for vulvo-vaginal reconstruction. Unfortunately, infection and sloughing may occur in up to 22% of patients with standard techniques especially at irradiated recipient sites.

Cases: We report seven cases of vulvo-vaginal reconstruction using split-thickness skin grafts.

Retroperitoneal müllerian carcinosarcoma associated with endometriosis: a case report.

Background: Mixed müllerian tumors are rare malignancies of the female genital tract and extremely uncommon in extragenital sites.

Case: A 71-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of left-sided pelvic pain. Significant history included total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy performed 19 years earlier for benign indications; she had no history of endometriosis.

Vaginal metastasis and thrombocytopenia from renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Vaginal cancer represents approximately 1-2% of genital tract malignancies. Most cases represent metastasis from the cervix, endometrium, or colon. Metastasis of renal cell carcinoma to the vagina is extremely rare.

The utility of gastrojejunostomy in secondary cytoreduction and palliation of proximal intestinal obstruction in recurrent ovarian cancer.

Background: Gastrointestinal obstruction is a common complication of recurrent ovarian cancer. Proximal intestinal obstruction, at the level of the duodenum or proximal jejunum, can result from bulky intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal disease. Classic management has been palliation of symptoms with a gastrostomy or jejunostomy tube.

Hypoxia-inducible erythropoietin signaling in squamous dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix and its potential role in cervical carcinogenesis and tumor progression.

Tissue hypoxia is a characteristic property of cervical cancers that makes tumors resistant to chemo- and radiation therapy. Erythropoietin (Epo) is a hypoxia-inducible stimulator of erythropoiesis. Acting via its receptor (EpoR), Epo up-regulates bcl-2 and inhibits apoptosis of erythroid cells and rescues neurons from hypoxic damage.

Surgical staging in patients with ovarian tumors of low malignant potential.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of patients with ovarian tumors of low malignant potential who had complete surgical staging with those who were unstaged to determine whether the rate of recurrence or survival was affected by surgical staging.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on 93 consecutive patients who had surgery for histologically confirmed tumors of low malignant potential between 1979 and 1997. Two cohorts of patients were identified: patients who had classic surgical staging (n = 48) versus those who were not staged (n = 45).

Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 and testosterone interact in the risk of Alzheimer's disease in men.

Objectives: To assess the association between testosterone levels and APOEepsilon4 in cases with AD and controls.

Method: We included 61 men with definite or probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 55 elderly male controls from the Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing (OPTIMA). Testosterone was measured using a competitive enzyme immunoassay (Bayer).

Using meta-analysis to explain the diversity of results in genetic studies of late-onset Alzheimer's disease and to identify high-risk subgroups.

In late-onset Alzheimer's disease, there is a puzzling inconsistency between the findings of case-control studies of most proposed risk genes, except apolipoprotein E epsilon4. This inconsistency may stem from the failure to define the genetic and non-genetic interactions that affect the disease association of each particular susceptibility gene. Such interactions will limit the influence of the gene to a 'relevant subset' of vulnerable people.

Uterine adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth versus uterine carcinosarcoma: comparison of treatment and survival.

Objective: Uterine adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth (ASSO) is a rare variant of uterine sarcoma first described in 1989. This clinicopathologic study was undertaken to compare the treatment and survival of uterine adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth to that of uterine carcinosarcomas.

Methods: A review of uterine sarcomas diagnosed at Washington Hospital Center from January 1988 to December 1998 was performed.