Automating radiological measurements of the hip in children with cerebral palsy.

Aims: The aims of this study were to develop an automatic system capable of calculating four radiological measurements used in the diagnosis and monitoring of cerebral palsy (CP)-related hip disease, and to demonstrate that these measurements are sufficiently accurate to be used in clinical practice.

Methods: We developed a machine-learning system to automatically measure Reimer's migration percentage (RMP), acetabular index (ACI), head shaft angle (HSA), and neck shaft angle (NSA). The system automatically locates points around the femoral head and acetabulum on pelvic radiographs, and uses these to calculate measurements.

Fifteen-Year Radiographic Follow-up Comparison of Early Versus Delayed ACL Reconstruction: A Retrospective Review of a Previous Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) after anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction (ACLR) is a prevalent cause of long-term disability. Few studies have compared the effect of ACLR timing on the development of PTOA.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the rate of PTOA at a long-term follow-up between patients who underwent early ACLR (<21 days after injury) versus delayed ACLR (>6 weeks after injury).

Novel Pharyngeal Oxygen Delivery Device Provides Superior Oxygenation during Simulated Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.

Introduction: Passive oxygenation with non-rebreather face mask (NRFM) has been used during cardiac arrest as an alternative to positive pressure ventilation (PPV) with bag-valve-mask (BVM) to minimize chest compression disruptions. A dual-channel pharyngeal oxygen delivery device (PODD) was created to open obstructed upper airways and provide oxygen at the glottic opening. It was hypothesized for this study that the PODD can deliver oxygen as efficiently as BVM or NRFM and oropharyngeal airway (OPA) in a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) manikin model.

A novel mechanism of microbial attachment: The flagellar pump of .

The ability of microbes to attach to biological and inert substrates is a necessary prerequisite for colonization of new habitats. In contrast to well-characterized mechanisms that rely on specific or nonspecific chemical interactions between microbe and substrate, we describe here an effective hydrodynamic mechanism of attachment that relies on fluid flow generated by the microbe. The microbe , a flagellated protozoan parasite, naturally attaches to the microvilliated surface of the small intestine but is also capable of attaching indiscriminately to a wide range of natural and artificial substrates.

A proteome-wide quantitative platform for nanoscale spatially resolved extraction of membrane proteins into native nanodiscs.

The native membrane environment profoundly influences every aspect of membrane protein (MP) biology. Despite this, the most prevalent method of studying MPs uses detergents to disrupt and remove this vital membrane context, impeding our ability to decipher the local molecular context and its effect. Here we develop a membrane proteome-wide platform that enables rapid spatially resolved extraction of target MPs directly from cellular membranes into native nanodiscs that maintain the local membrane context, using a library of membrane-active polymers.

Apparent local anesthetic systemic toxicity following activation of an epidural catheter for cesarean delivery: diagnosis and management of an uncommon obstetric anesthesia complication.

We present a 25-year-old, gravida 2, para 1 woman who developed apparent local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) following activation of an epidural catheter for an urgent cesarean delivery. The patient had a height of 150 cm, weight of 92 kg, body mass index of 41 kg/m, and calculated ideal body weight of 40 kg. A combined spinal epidural anesthetic was placed and the spinal component did not provide anesthesia to clamping of the abdomen.

Changing the Culture: Increasing and Sustaining Anesthesiology Resident Physician Publication Rates.

Background: Academic inquiry is foundational to the advancement of medicine and resident training and must be demonstrated to the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Past attempts at increasing publication rates have failed to identify educational best practice models. Our aim was to increase resident publication rates via culture and value changes that are universally implementable, affordable, effective, and sustainable.

Non-vertebral complex osteomyelitis in an immunocompetent patient.

complex (MAC) is a ubiquitous soil pathogen that is an uncommon cause of diseases in immunocompetent patients. In this case, we describe the presentation of an otherwise healthy man in his 50s presenting with months of malaise and severe hip pain, with aspiration initially yielding no bacteria and presumed fastidious infection. He was treated with irrigation and debridement, surgical stabilisation of the femoral neck and conventional broad-spectrum antibiotics with final cultures diagnostic of MAC osteomyelitis.

Brief Report: Atypical Temporal Sensitivity in Coarticulation in Autism: Evidence from Sibilant-Vowel Interaction in Cantonese.

Purpose: Atypicalities in the prosodic aspects of speech are commonly considered in clinical assessments of autism. While there is an increasing number of studies using objective measures to assess prosodic deficits, such studies have primarily focused on the intonational and rhythmic aspects of prosody. Little is known about prosodic deficits that are reflected at the segmental level, despite the strong connection between prosody and segmental realization.

A Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Update: Current information on New Drugs, Old Drugs, Rescue/Treatment, Combination Therapies and Nontraditional Modalities.

This article's objective is to present the latest evidence and information on the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). PONV continues to affect 30% of the surgical population causing patient dissatisfaction, extending length of stay, and increasing overall costs. This review includes the introduction of 2 new intravenous formulations of antiemetics (amisulpride, aprepitant), updates on nontraditional therapies, suggestions for combination prophylaxis, emerging data on rescue treatment, and considerations for special populations and settings.

Pharyngeal oxygen delivery device sustains manikin lung oxygenation longer than high-flow nasal cannula.

Purpose: Hypoxemia during a failed airway scenario is life threatening. A dual-lumen pharyngeal oxygen delivery device (PODD) was developed to fit inside a traditional oropharyngeal airway for undisrupted supraglottic oxygenation and gas analysis during laryngoscopy and intubation. We hypothesized that the PODD would provide oxygen as effectively as high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) while using lower oxygen flow rates.

Late Airway Compromise Secondary to Dural Tear and Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak.

While dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery is common, a dural tear is a rare complication. Airway compromise resulting from cerebrospinal fluid collection is an even rarer complication that has only been described to occur in the first few days postoperatively. A 55-year-old male presented with progressive dysphagia and respiratory compromise 3 weeks after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery at C3-C6.

Comparison of baseline characteristics, treatment and celinical outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted in the first and second waves in Australia.

To report longitudinal differences in baseline characteristics, treatment, and outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) between the first and second waves of COVID-19 in Australia. SPRINT-SARI Australia is a multicentre, inception cohort study enrolling adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to participating ICUs. The first wave of COVID-19 was from 27 February to 30 June 2020, and the second wave was from 1 July to 22 October 2020.