Fabrication and evaluation of fast disintegrating pellets of cilostazol.

The present study was designed to formulate and develop fast disintegrating pellets of poorly soluble model drug (cilostazol) by reducing the proportion of micro-crystalline cellulose with pre-gelatinized starch (PGS), lactose and chitosan. The bioavailability enhancement of a model drug was achieved by preparing inclusion complex with Captisol® (Sulfobutyl Ether β cyclodextrin - SBE-β-CD). Extrusion-spheronization technique was used to formulate pellets.

Screening of Sacrificial Excipients for Arresting Devitrification of Itraconazole from Solid Dispersion.

Objectives: The aim of the present investigation was to develop a solid dispersion of itraconazole (ITR) using sacrificial excipients like pregelatinized starch and spray-dried lactose alongside hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and Poloxamer 188, thereby arresting the conversion of the amorphous form of ITR to crystalline form, and to assess the dissolution stability of an amorphous form of the drug during short-term storage.

Materials And Methods: ITR-loaded solid dispersions were prepared by kneading. Formulation optimization was achieved by using a 2 full factorial design on the basis of cumulative percent drug released at t, t, and t min.

Current approaches for in vitro drug release study of long acting parenteral formulations.

Long acting parenteral formulations are preferred over conventional formulations for the treatment of chronic diseases. Prevalence of such diseases provoked the interest of researchers and pharmaceutical industries in the development of long acting parenteral formulations. The regulatory guidelines and pharmacopoeia have remained silent on dissolution methods for long acting parenteral formulations due to their diverse nature.

Nomogram for computing the value of similarity factor.

The objective of present work was to construct nomogram for obtaining a value of similarity factor (f2) by employing the values of number of observations (n) and sum of squared difference of percentage drug dissolved between reference (R) and test (T) products . The steps for rearrangement of equation of similarity factor are presented. The values of f2 were selected in the range of 45 to 100 for 4 to 12 observations (n) for computing the values of Linear regression analysis was performed between number of observations and .

Exploration of Novel Co-processed Multifunctional Diluent for the Development of Tablet Dosage Form.

The aim of this investigation was to develop a novel multifunctional co-processed diluent consisting of microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 102), crospovidone (Polyplasdone XL) and polyethylene glycol 4000. Colloidal silicon dioxide and talc were also incorporated as minor components in the diluent to improve tableting properties. Melt granulation was adopted for preparation of co-processed diluent.

Exploration of statistical experimental design to improve entrapment efficiency of acyclovir in poly (d, l) lactide nanoparticles.

Objective: In current exploration, systematic attempts have been made to improve the entrapment efficiency of a model hydrophilic drug substance, i.e. acyclovir, in poly (d, l) lactide (PLA) nanoparticles (NPs) using a modified nanoprecipitation technique.

Microemulsion-based gel of terbinafine for the treatment of onychomycosis: optimization of formulation using D-optimal design.

The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate microemulsion as a vehicle for dermal drug delivery and to develop microemulsion-based gel of terbinafine for the treatment of onychomycosis. D-optimal mixture experimental design was adopted to optimize the amount of oil (X(1)), Smix (mixture of surfactant and cosurfactant; X(2)) and water (X(3)) in the microemulsion. The formulations were assessed for globule size (in nanometers; Y(1)) and solubility of drug in microemulsion (in milligrams per milliliter; Y(2)).

Microneedles: an emerging transdermal drug delivery system.

Objectives: One of the thrust areas in drug delivery research is transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) due to their characteristic advantages over oral and parenteral drug delivery systems. Researchers have focused their attention on the use of microneedles to overcome the barrier of the stratum corneum. Microneedles deliver the drug into the epidermis without disruption of nerve endings.

Development of directly compressible metformin hydrochloride by the spray-drying technique.

Metformin hydrochloride exhibits poor compressibility during compaction, often resulting in weak and unacceptable tablets with a high tendency to cap. The purpose of this study was to develop directly compressible metformin hydrochloride by the spray-drying technique in the presence of polymer. Metformin hydrochloride was dissolved in solutions containing a polymer, namely polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30), in various concentrations ranging from 0-3% (m/V).

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Indian adolescent school going children: its relationship with socioeconomic status and associated lifestyle factors.

Aims And Objectives: Obesity and overweight have become a worldwide epidemic, and there is an urgent need to examine childhood obesity and overweight across countries using a standardized international standard. In the present study we have investigated the prevalence of obesity and overweight and their association with socioeconomic status (SES) and the risk factors like diet, physical activity like exercise, sports, sleeping habit in afternoon, eating habits like junk food, chocolate, eating outside at weekend, family history of diabetes and obesity.

Material And Methods: The study was carried out in 5664 school children of 12-18 years of age and having different SES.

Fabrication and Evaluation of Bi-layer Tablet Containing Conventional Paracetamol and Modified Release Diclofenac Sodium.

The objectives of present investigation were to achieve immediate release of paracetamol and tailored release of diclofenac sodium from bi-layer tablets. A 2(3) full factorial design was adopted using the amount of polyethylene glycol, microcrystalline cellulose and crospovidone as independent variables for fabricating paracetamol tablets. Diclofenac sodium tablets were prepared using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as a matrixing agent.

Formulation development of smart gel periodontal drug delivery system for local delivery of chemotherapeutic agents with application of experimental design.

Smart gel periodontal drug delivery systems (SGPDDS) containing gellan gum (0.1-0.8% w/v), lutrol F127 (14, 16, and 18% w/v), and ornidazole (1% w/v) were designed for the treatment of periodontal diseases.

Resolving issues of content uniformity and low permeability using eutectic blend of camphor and menthol.

The aim of present study were to arrest the problem of content uniformity without the use of harmful organic solvent and to improve ex vivo permeability of captopril, a low dose class III drug as per biological classification system. Eutectic mixture of camphor and menthol was innovatively used in the work. Captopril solution in eutectic mixture was blended with Avicel PH 102 and then the mixture was blended with mannitol in different ratios.

Mathematical approach for the assessment of similarity factor using a new scheme for calculating weight.

The objective of the present work was to propose a method for calculating weight in the Moore and Flanner Equation. The percentage coefficient of variation in reference and test formulations at each time point was considered for calculating weight. The literature reported data are used to demonstrate applicability of the method.

Preparation and evaluation of soft gellan gum gel containing paracetamol.

The objective of this study was to develop soft paracetamol gel using gellan gum as a gelling agent and sodium citrate as a source of cation. Different batches were prepared using three different concentrations of gellan gum (0.1, 0.

Application of simplex lattice design and desirability function for the formulation development of mouth dissolving film of salbutamol sulphate.

The aim of the present investigation was to prepare and optimize the formulation of mouth dissolving film of salbutamol sulphate by applying experimental design technique. The films were prepared using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol by solvent evaporation technique. Simplex lattice design and desirability function were adopted for the preparation of film possessing desirable and optimized characteristics.

Fabrication and design of transdermal fluconazole spray.

The objective of the present study was to formulate fluconazole transdermal spray for obtaining modified drug transport using eutectic mixture, ethyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide and alcohol. The formulated products were characterized. The selection of the optimized batch was done considering the results of drug transport in the first hour, the time required for 90% drug transport, viscosity and spray angle of the formulations.

Fabrication of modified transport fluconazole transdermal spray containing ethyl cellulose and Eudragit RS100 as film formers.

The present investigation was undertaken to fabricate modified transport fluconazole transdermal spray using ethyl cellulose and Eudragit RS100 as film-forming polymers. Eudragit RS100 (X(1)) and ethyl cellulose (X(2)) were selected as independent variables in 3(2) full factorial design, whereas drug transport in first hour (Y (1)) and the time required for 50% drug transport (Y(2)) were selected as dependent variables. Eutectic blend of camphor and menthol was used as permeation enhancer cum solvent for film-forming polymers.

Fabrication of triple-layer matrix tablets of venlafaxine hydrochloride using xanthan gum.

The objective of present investigation was to develop venlafaxine hydrochloride-layered tablets for obtaining sustained drug release. The tablets containing venlafaxine hydrochloride 150 mg were prepared by wet granulation technique using xanthan gum in the middle layer and barrier layers. The granules and tablets were characterized.

Fabrication of modified release tablet formulation of metoprolol succinate using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and xanthan gum.

The present investigation was undertaken to fabricate modified release tablet of metoprolol succinate using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and xanthan gum as a matrixing agent. A 3(2) full factorial design was employed for the optimization of formulation. The percentage drug released at a given time (Y (60), Y (240) and Y (720)) and the time required for a given percentage of drug to be released (t (50%)) were selected as dependent variables.

Design of a potential colonic drug delivery system of mesalamine.

The aim of the present investigation was to develop a site-specific colonic drug delivery system, built on the principles of the combination of pH and time sensitivity. Press-coated mesalamine tablets with a coat of HPMC E-15 were over-coated with Eudragit S100. The in vitro drug release study was conducted using sequential dissolution technique at pH 1.

Exploration of cold extrusion for the preparation of enteric minitablets of isoniazid.

The objective of the present work was to formulate the enteric minitablets of isoniazid by cold extrusion method. The minitablets were prepared using isoniazid, hydroxylpropylmethylcellulose phthalate and dibasic calcium phosphate. The minitablets were coated using hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate.

Modulation of venlafaxine hydrochloride release from press coated matrix tablet.

The aim of present study was to prepare novel modified release press coated tablets of venlafaxine hydrochloride. Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose K4M and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose K100M were used as release modifier in core and coat, respectively. A 3(2) full factorial design was adopted in the optimization study.

A novel solid dosage form of rifampicin and isoniazid with improved functionality.

The aim of the present investigation was to develop a novel dosage form of rifampicin and isoniazid to minimize degradation of rifampicin in acidic medium and to modulate the release of rifampicin in the stomach and isoniazid in the intestine. Gastroretentive tablets of rifampicin (150 mg) were prepared by the wet granulation method using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, calcium carbonate, and polyethylene glycol 4000. The granules and tablets of rifampicin were characterized.