[Osmotic demyelination syndrome complicating the quick correction of a severe hyponatremia associated with hypokalemia].

Osmotic demyelination syndrome is characterized by the loss of myelin in the center of the basis pontis and other areas of the central nervous system. We report a case of osmotic demyelination syndrome in a 55-year-old female, with a past medical history of arterial hypertension and multi-level cervical spondylosis, hospitalized for acute altered mental status complicating an array of acute gastroenteritis, the patient was afebrile. The course was marked by neurologic aggravation with confusion, aphasia, tetraplegia and osteo-tendinous areflexia.