Development and validation of two food portion photograph books to assess dietary intake among adults and children in Central Africa.

Owing to nutritional transition in Cameroon, one in two adults is overweight and one in five is obese, and 8·1% of children are overweight and 2·1% are obese. Given this phenomenon, dietary intake assessment is needed to establish appropriate preventive nutrition-sensitive strategies. Our aim was to develop and test the validity of two food portion photograph books (FPPB) to be used as visual aids for adults and children taking part in a 24-h dietary recall.

Up-regulation of hepatic lipolysis stimulated lipoprotein receptor by leptin: a potential lever for controlling lipid clearance during the postprandial phase.

As a hepatic receptor for triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, the lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) may be involved in the dynamics of lipid distribution between the liver and peripheral tissues. Here, we explore the potential role of leptin in regulating LSR. At physiological concentrations (1-10 ng/ml), leptin increased LSR protein and mRNA levels in Hepa1-6 cells through an ERK1/2-dependent and α-amanitin-sensitive pathway.

Persistent diarrhea associated with AIDS.

Chronic diarrhea and wasting are very common manifestations of AIDS in adults in developing countries. Etiologic studies show that protozoa (including Cryptosporidium parvum, Isospora belli, and Enterocytozoon bieniusi) and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulara are the most frequently identified pathogens. Limited data in children suggest that common enteric pathogens are equally as likely in HIV+ and HIV- babies.