Indications and Coverage of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: A Worldwide IFSO Survey Comparing Different National Guidelines.

Introduction: Knowing how metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is indicated in different countries is essential information for the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO).

Aim: To analyze the indications for MBS recommended by each of the national societies that comprise the IFSO and how MBS is financed in their countries.

Methods: All IFSO societies were asked to fill out a survey asking whether they have, and which are their national guidelines, and if MBS is covered by their public health service.

Isometric myography is a feasible method to identify and quantify endothelial dysfunction in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease.

Objective: To assess the feasibility of isometric myography in pet dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) to determine its use in quantifying endothelial dysfunction.

Animals: 9 dogs euthanized for medical reasons.

Methods: Femoral, renal, and mesenteric arteries were collected postmortem and stored in physiological saline solution at 4 °C for myography.

Revisiting Pyrazolo[3,4-]pyrimidine Nucleosides as Anti- and Antileishmanial Agents.

Chagas disease and visceral leishmaniasis are two neglected tropical diseases responsible for numerous deaths around the world. For both, current treatments are largely inadequate, resulting in a continued need for new drug discovery. As both kinetoplastid parasites are incapable of purine synthesis, they depend on purine salvage pathways that allow them to acquire and process purines from the host to meet their demands.

Dysregulation of Principal Cell miRNAs Facilitates Epigenetic Regulation of AQP2 and Results in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), formed by cleavage of pre-microRNA by the endoribonuclease Dicer, are critical modulators of cell function by post-transcriptionally regulating gene expression.

Methods: Selective ablation of Dicer in AQP2-expressing cells (Dicer mice) was used to investigate the role of miRNAs in the kidney collecting duct of mice.

Results: The mice had severe polyuria and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, potentially due to greatly reduced AQP2 and AQP4 levels.

Antitubercular polyhalogenated phenothiazines and phenoselenazine with reduced binding to CNS receptors.

Targeting energy metabolism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a new paradigm in the search for innovative anti-TB drugs. NADH:menaquinone oxidoreductase is a non-proton translocating type II NADH dehydrogenase (NDH-2) that is an essential enzyme in the respiratory chain of Mtb and is not found in mammalian mitochondria. Phenothiazines (PTZs) represent one of the most known class of NDH-2 inhibitors, but their use as anti-TB drugs is currently limited by the wide range of potentially serious off-target effects.

Diagnostic and prognostic utility of surface electrocardiography in cats with left ventricular hypertrophy.

Objectives: To assess the ability of electrocardiography (ECG) to predict left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in the cat and to investigate the prognostic value of selected ECG variables in cats with LVH.

Animals: Fifty-seven privately owned cats: 22 clinically healthy cats and 35 cats with LVH.

Material And Methods: This is a clinical cohort study.

The IFSO Website (www.ifso.com): the Online Gateway to Obesity and Metabolic Disorders for Bariatric Surgery Professionals and Patients: On behalf of the IFSO Communications Committee.

The refurbished International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) website ( www.ifso.com ) showcases a wealth of high-quality information for bariatric surgery professionals and patients.

[Tuberculin test: proposal for a pre-test risk assessment questionnaire and a standardized evaluation].

Relevance of latent infection in the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) is expected to increase in many developed countries. Indeed, many demographic, social and public health changes could contribute to the expansion of groups or communities at significantly higher risk than the general population for infection to Mycobacterium tuberculosis or progression from latent to active disease. Tuberculin skin testing (TB), the gold standard for diagnosis of M.

A 3D ultrasound scanner: real time filtering and rendering algorithms.

The work described here has been carried out within a collaborative project between DIST and ESAOTE BIOMEDICA aiming to set up a new ultrasonic scanner performing 3D reconstruction. A system is being set up to process and display 3D ultrasonic data in a fast, economical and user friendly way to help the physician during diagnosis. A comparison is presented among several algorithms for digital filtering, data segmentation and rendering for real time, PC based, three-dimensional reconstruction from B-mode ultrasonic biomedical images.

[Long-term electrical stimulation of tachycardias: control by ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (author's transl)].

The Authors suggest a new method, elaborated by their own, for long-term antiarrhythmic stimulation. They used ambulatory electrocardiography in order to evaluate the results. It consists of a radio frequency device for synchronization and stimulation, and allows the scanning stimulation of all the cycle of tachycardia, with automatic search for the zone of interruption.

Isolation and incidence of pleuropneumonia-like organisms from the human oral cavity.

Shklair, I. L. (U.