3D Scanners in Orthodontics-Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives-A Systematic Review.

: Nowadays the use of intraoral scanners has become a routine practice in orthodontics. It allows the introduction of many treatment innovations. One should consider to what extent intraoral scanners have influenced the everyday orthodontic practice and in what direction should the further research in this field be conducted.

Knowledge of Emergency Management of Avulsed Teeth among Italian Dentists-Questionnaire Study and Next Future Perspectives.

(1) Background: In Italy, about one fourth of all schoolchildren experience a trauma to the permanent dentition. Management of avulsion trauma is challenging and requires adherence to clinical protocols. The aim of this study was to investigate the management knowledge of avulsed teeth among Italian dentists and to promote the guidelines' dissemination through the use of new social media.

Potential Determinants of Spp. Occurrence in Polish Silage.

Introduction: Silage quality deteriorates with spp. contamination, and if consumed, such silage jeopardises herd health and productivity. Minimising its occurrence reduces economic and animal welfare risks.

Challenges in diagnosing and managing non-cavitated occlusal caries lesions. A Literature overview and a report of a case.

Aim: Aim of this literature overview was to analyze the diagnostic procedures of hidden caries lesions and to present a restorative protocol.

Methods: A literature overview was performed in order to evaluate hidden caries etiological hypothesis and the reported prevalence. The diagnostic procedure is performed with the aid of an intra-oral fluorescence based camera and the restorative procedure is completed with the use of a novel bisphenol-A free composite.

Risk management and Healthcare responsibility. How to guarantee legal protection in Medicine.

Having regard to the increasing attention to the issue of safety and health of patients and workers by low, the hypothesis that this topic will be the growing trend in the next years does not seem to be manifestly unfounded. For this reason, it is wise for healthcare professionals to already be aware that any violation of the interests underlying the legislation in question entails a ruling on civil and/or criminal liability. It is therefore necessary to identify the most suitable means to prevent undue harm occurring, partly to exempt healthcare professionals and hospitals from compensation costs, thereby providing them with recourse to insurance coverage.

A modern scleractinian coral with a two-component calcite-aragonite skeleton.

One of the most conserved traits in the evolution of biomineralizing organisms is the taxon-specific selection of skeletal minerals. All modern scleractinian corals are thought to produce skeletons exclusively of the calcium-carbonate polymorph aragonite. Despite strong fluctuations in ocean chemistry (notably the Mg/Ca ratio), this feature is believed to be conserved throughout the coral fossil record, spanning more than 240 million years.

Kinesiology Taping as an Innovative Measure against Post-Operative Complications after Third Molar Extraction-Systematic Review.

There are many randomized clinical trials suggesting a positive effect of kinesiotaping on postoperative swelling. In dentistry, however, the use of kinesiotaping still seems to be innovative, since not many articles on kinesiotaping within the craniofacial area have been published. This study aimed to systematically review and synthesize available controlled trials examining the use of kinesiotaping to reduce morbidity after third molar extraction.

Mouthwash Based on Ozonated Olive Oil in Caries Prevention: A Preliminary In-Vitro Study.

(1) Background: Ozone (O3) proved to oxidize organic and inorganic compounds, and its efficacy against bacteria, viruses and fungi plasma membranes was of interest. Ozone vehicle can be a gaseous form, ozonated water or ozonized oil. The aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of ozonated olive oil against .

Effect of Heme Oxygenase-1 on Melanoma Development in Mice-Role of Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells.

Objective: Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a cytoprotective, proangiogenic and anti-inflammatory enzyme that is often upregulated in tumors. Overexpression of HO-1 in melanoma cells leads to enhanced tumor growth, augmented angiogenesis and resistance to anticancer treatment. The effect of HO-1 in host cells on tumor development is, however, hardly known.

Prevalence and potential risk factors of urticaria in the Polish population of children and adolescents.

Introduction: Urticaria is a frequent, mast cell driven disease of great social significance as it may lead to disablement, impair quality of life and affect performance at work and school.

Aim: A study on the prevalence and potential risk factors for acute and chronic urticaria in the population of children and adolescents living in Krakow, one of the major cities in Poland.

Material And Methods: In this paper we present a study on the prevalence and potential risk factors of acute and chronic urticaria in the population of children aged 7-8 years old and adolescents aged 16-17 years old living in Krakow, one of the major cities in Poland.

Multiport swept-wavelength interferometer with laser phase noise mitigation employing a broadband ultra-weak FBG array.

Optical vector network analyzers (OVNAs) based on swept-wavelength interferometry are applied widely in optical metrology and sensing to measure the complex transfer functions of optical components, devices, and fibers. Phase noise from laser sweep nonlinearities degrades the measurement quality as the distance increases and limits the usage of the OVNA in characterizing systems with long impulse responses as required in space-division multiplexing links with a high mode count or in the presence of large modal differential group delay (DGD). In this Letter, we use a densely distributed broadband ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating array to directly measure the distortion due to phase noise at a 5-m increment up to 400 m and use this measured data to directly eliminate the distortion.

Tracing the Right Phrenic Nerve - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The Right phrenic nerve (RPN) is vulnerable to injury during the isolation of the right pulmonary veins (RPV). The study aimed to provide a comprehensive meta-analysis of the overall prevalence of right phrenic nerve injury (RPNI), its course and its association with the superior and inferior pulmonary veins.

Methods: Through December 2017, a database search was performed on PubMed, Science Direct, EMBASE, SciELO, and Web of Science.

Discovery of , a First-in-Class Chitinase Inhibitor as Potential New Therapeutics for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Chitotriosidase (CHIT1) and acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) are the enzymatically active chitinases that have been implicated in the pathology of chronic lung diseases such as asthma and interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and sarcoidosis. The clinical and preclinical data suggest that pharmacological inhibition of CHIT1 might represent a novel therapeutic approach in IPF. Structural modification of an advanced lead molecule led to the identification of compound (, a highly active CHIT1 inhibitor with both an excellent PK profile in multiple species and selectivity against a panel of other off-targets.

Smoking Prevalence, Attitudes and Behavior among Dental Students in Poland and Italy.

The aim of the study was to perform preliminary research to compare the smoking prevalence, attitudes and behavior between dentistry students in two universities in Europe using the standardized Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) questionnaire. This was cross-sectional carried out among dentistry students from the Medical University in Bialystok, Poland and Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. There were 582 participants; 282 were Italians, 202 were smokers and 42% were Italians.

Analysis of Instagram Posts Referring to Cleft Lip.

: Social media has become a source of medical information. Cleft lip and palate is a visible congenital anomaly. The aim of the study was to analyze Instagram posts on the topic of cleft lip.

Evaluation of Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP-8) in Periodontal Patients Undergoing Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy and Mouthwash Based on Ozonated Olive Oil: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

: Extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a pivotal role in the damage to the periodontal tissue in patients with periodontitis. Scaling and root planning (SRP) attempt to control the plaque amount and consequentially reduce the bacterial load. Non-surgical periodontal treatment could be integrated with drug therapy and physiotherapy procedures such as ozone therapy.

Clinical Effectiveness of S2-Alar Iliac Screws in Spinopelvic Fixation in Pediatric Neuromuscular Scoliosis: Systematic Literature Review.

Study Design: Systematic literature review.

Objectives: To comprehensively review the S2-alar iliac (S2-AI) screw technique for pelvic fixation in pediatric neuromuscular scoliosis.

Methods: Articles identified from the PubMed and EMBASE databases were reviewed for relevance and applicability, and the studies were summarized.

Impact of lactoferrin on bone regenerative processes and its possible implementation in oral surgery - a systematic review of novel studies with metanalysis and metaregression.

Background: Lactoferrin is an iron - binding glycoprotein with anti-inflammatory and anabolic properties found in many internal fluids. It is worth looking at novel studies, because of their methodology and observations that may once be applicable in modern implantology. The aim of the study is to answer the question if lactoferrin is a promising factor for bone regenerative process in oral surgery.

COVID-19 and the march 2020 stock market crash. Evidence from S&P1500.

This paper investigates the US stock market performance during the crash of March 2020 triggered by COVID-19. We find that natural gas, food, healthcare, and software stocks earn high positive returns, whereas equity values in petroleum, real estate, entertainment, and hospitality sectors fall dramatically. Moreover, loser stocks exhibit extreme asymmetric volatility that correlates negatively with stock returns.

Splicing variation of BMP2K balances abundance of COPII assemblies and autophagic degradation in erythroid cells.

Intracellular transport undergoes remodeling upon cell differentiation, which involves cell type-specific regulators. Bone morphogenetic protein 2-inducible kinase (BMP2K) has been potentially implicated in endocytosis and cell differentiation but its molecular functions remained unknown. We discovered that its longer (L) and shorter (S) splicing variants regulate erythroid differentiation in a manner unexplainable by their involvement in AP-2 adaptor phosphorylation and endocytosis.

Clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients with mutation according to age.

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to characterise patients with breast cancer (BC) and mutation (age ≥ 50 years) according to their clinicopathological factors or family history. Patients aged ≥ 50 years were compared with the control group and with mutation carriers aged < 50 years.

Material And Methods: Prognostic factors were analysed in patients with BC with confirmed c.

Sexual Dimorphism in Anthonomus santacruzi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): a Biological Control Agent of Solanum mauritianum Scopoli (Solanaceae).

There is evident variation in body size amongst Anthonomus santacruzi Hustache, 1924, weevils. The aims of this study were to assess if the variation in body size in A. santacruzi weevils is a result of sexual dimorphism and what features can be used to distinguish males from females.

Correct human cardiac nomenclature.

Proper heart's nomenclature is very important in daily clinical practice and research studies, and when it is consistent, it can facilitate better communication between different medical specialists. The general rule of the anatomy is to describe organs and their structures in attitudinally correct position. However, the use of the old-fashioned Valentine position (where the heart is described as if it were standing on its apex) is still in use to describe important cardiac structures.

Formylation of a metathesis-derived [4]-ferrocene: a simple route to anticancer organometallics.

Formylation of ansa[4]-ferrocene, obtained through the ruthenium-catalysed olefin metathesis, yields two separable, planar chiral 1,3- and 1,2-ansa-ferrocene aldehydes. Single-crystal X-ray structure analysis reveals that both regioisomers crystallize with spontaneous resolution of the racemate in the chiral P212121 space group with one molecule in the asymmetric unit. The major 1,3-isomer was further transformed into a conjugate with 1,2,3-triazole and uracil using "click" chemistry as the key synthetic step.

The Origin of Isolated Populations of the Mountain Weevil, Liparus glabrirostris-The Flagship Species for Riparian Habitats.

Liparus glabrirostris is one of the largest European weevils, and it has been recently proposed as the flagship species for threatened riparian habitats in the mountains. For effective conservation of its populations (and associated habitats), it is crucial to understand its history, contemporary distribution, genetic diversity and predict changes in the range, including its highly isolated populations on the Baltic coast. Here, we examined numerous populations of L.