Mechano-responses of quadriceps muscles evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Mechanomyography (MMG) may be used to quantify very small motor responses resulting from muscle activation, voluntary or involuntary. The purpose of this study was to investigate the MMG mean peak amplitude (MPA) and area under the curve (AUC) and the corresponding mechanical responses following delivery of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the knee extensors. Fourteen adults (23 ± 1 years) received single TMS pulses at intensities from 30-80 % maximum stimulator output to elicit muscle responses in the relaxed knee extensors while seated.

Rabies epidemiology in Malaysia (2015-2023): A cross-sectional insights and strategies for control.

Background: Malaysia currently faces significant challenges in controlling the spread of dog-mediated human rabies, as evidenced by recurrent outbreaks in newly affected areas and increasing human fatalities.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyse surveillance data from 2015 to 2023 to examine the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Malaysia. Data from multiple sources were used, and descriptive statistics, incidence rates, and reproductive numbers were calculated.

Genetic Characterization of the RAP-1A and SBP-4 Genes of Species Infecting Cattle from Selangor, Malaysia, and Ribah, Nigeria.

Bovine babesiosis has substantial economic implications in the cattle industry, emphasizing the need for a thorough understanding of the genetic diversity of the causative apicomplexan pathogen. Although babesiosis has been extensively studied globally, the genetic diversity of species in Malaysian and Nigerian cattle remains unreported. This study aims to bridge this gap by detecting and characterizing species in selected cattle herds.

The Prevalence of Depression and Its Correlates Among Informal Caregivers of Stroke Patients in an Urban Community.

Introduction Stroke emerges as a prominent causative factor contributing to severe disability and functional limitations, necessitating a reliance on familial support for daily activities and participation in social engagements. Following hospital discharge, a considerable proportion of stroke survivors require comprehensive assistance, including physical, psychosocial, and financial support from caregivers within domestic settings. This transitional phase represents one of the most challenging periods for families.

TaqMan real-time PCR for detection of pathogenic spp. in canine clinical samples.

Introduction: Canine leptospirosis has always been a differential diagnosis in dogs presenting with clinical signs and blood profiles associated with kidney and/or liver disease. The conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) provides diagnoses, but real-time PCR-based tests provide earlier confirmation and determine the severity of infection, especially in the acute stage, allowing early detection for immediate treatment decisions. To our knowledge, real-time PCR has not been routinely adopted for clinical investigation in Malaysia.

Outcome of 1939 traumatic brain injury patients from road traffic accidents: Findings from specialist medical reports in a low to middle income country (LMIC).

Objective: Road traffic accident (RTA) is the major cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in developing countries and affects mostly young adult population. This research aimed to describe the factors predicting functional outcome after TBI caused by RTA in a Malaysian setting.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted on specialist medical reports written from 2009 to 2019, involving patients who survived after TBI from RTA.

Evaluation of Dynamics, Demography and Estimation of Free-Roaming Dog Population in Herat City, Afghanistan.

FRDs pose a serious challenge in countries where dog-bite-related rabies is endemic. Understanding the size and core demographic characteristics of FRD populations is essential for the planning and implementation of effective dog-population and canine-rabies-control programmes. The photographic sight-resight method was used to estimate the FRD population and evaluate its demographic characteristics in Herat city.

A Delphi technique toward the development of a cognitive intervention framework module for breast cancer survivors with cognitive impairment following chemotherapy.

Objective: Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a well-known phenomenon among breast cancer survivors. Cognitive impairment among breast cancer survivors can significantly affect their quality of life and ability to function independently. However, there is a lack of specific and focused cognitive intervention to improve their cognitive performances.

Comprehensive approaches for the detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei and diagnosis of melioidosis in human and environmental samples.

Melioidosis is endemic in Southeast Asia and northern Australia. The causative agent of melioidosis is a Gram-negative bacterium, Burkholderia pseudomallei. Its invasion can be fatal if melioidosis is not treated promptly.

Does pharmacological treatment of depression in people with a primary brain tumour bring any benefits? A Cochrane Review summary with commentary.

Background: Persons with primary brain tumour can suffer from depression. Depression may hinder rehabilitation intervention leading to further deterioration of patient's health and functioning.

Objective: The Cochrane Review aimed to assess the effectiveness and adverse effects of pharmacological treatment of depression in people with a primary brain tumour.

Risk and Predictive Factors of Leptospirosis in Dogs Diagnosed with Kidney and/or Liver Disease in Selangor, Malaysia.

Canine leptospirosis is commonly associated with kidney and/or liver disease. It has been widely reported and causes public health concerns due to its zoonotic potential and its re-emergence, resulting from close contact between humans and dogs. The current study identified potential risk and predictive factors for dogs diagnosed with kidney and/or liver disease due to leptospirosis.

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Avium Complex Investigation among Malaysian Free-Ranging Wild Boar and Wild Macaques at Wildlife-Livestock-Human Interface.

Wild animals are considered reservoirs, contributing to the transmission of emerging zoonotic diseases such as tuberculosis (TB). A cross-sectional study was conducted by opportunistic sampling from fresh carcasses of free-ranging wild boar ( = 30), and free-ranging wild macaques ( = 42). Stained smears from these tissues were tested for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) with Ziehl-Neelsen staining.

A Review on Therapeutic Effects of on Female Reproductive Diseases.

The (LP) is a traditional plant that is locally known as Kacip Fatimah, Selusuh Fatimah, or Pokok Ringgang by the Malaysian indigenous people. It is believed to facilitate their childbirth, treating their postchild birth and menstrual irregularities. The water extract of LP has shown to contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, ascorbic acid, -carotene, anthocyanin, and phenolic acid, which contribute extensive antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antifungal.

Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex antibodies in free-ranged wild boar and wild macaques in selected districts in Selangor and reevaluation of tuberculosis serodetection in captive Asian elephants in Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic inflammatory and zoonotic disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) members, affecting several domestic animals, wildlife species and humans. The preliminary investigation was aimed to detect antibody against MTBC among indigenous wildlife which are free-ranged wild boar, free-ranged wild macaques and captive Asian elephants in selected areas of Selangor and elephant conservation centre in Pahang, respectively. The results indicate that MTBC serodetection rate in wild boar was 16.

Molecular detection of Theileria species, Anaplasma species, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos, Trypanosoma evansi and first evidence of Theileria sinensis-associated bovine anaemia in crossbred Kedah-Kelantan x Brahman cattle.

Background: Serious disease outbreaks in cattle are usually associated with blood pathogens. This study aims to detect blood pathogens namely Theileria species, Anaplasma species, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos and Trypanosoma evansi, and determine their phylogenetic relationships and haemato-biochemical abnormalities in naturally infected cattle.

Methods: Molecular analysis was achieved by PCR amplification and sequencing of PCR amplicons of 18SrRNA gene of Theileria species, 16SrRNA genes of Anaplasma and Mycoplasma species, MPSP genes of T.

Detection and characterization of spp. in dogs diagnosed with kidney and/or liver disease in Selangor, Malaysia.

Leptospirosis is a serious bacterial disease that affects both humans and animals. A wide range of symptoms have been described in humans; the disease in dogs is commonly associated with kidney and/or liver disease. In Malaysia, information about the common serovars infecting dogs is limited.

Employment status after traumatic brain injury and the effect of concomitant injuries on return to work.

Purpose: This study aims to describe the employment status and pattern among survivors of traumatic brain injury after motor vehicle accidents, and to explore the effects of demographic, injury variables and concomitant injuries on the employment status .

Method: A retrospective analyses of 370 medical reports written for patients who sustained traumatic brain injury from motor vehicle accidents was conducted. To establish the employment pattern, the pre-injury employment history was compared to the latest employment status documented.

Aphagia in frontal lobe syndrome following traumatic brain injury: Delightful lessons from olanzapine treatment.

A case of persistent aphagia in frontal lobe syndrome after traumatic brain injury (TBI) with successful use of olanzapine to improve the eating disorder is presented. A 20-year-old man suffered a severe TBI with right frontal intracerebral haemorrhage At four-month post-TBI, he had agitation, concurrent apathy with constant refusal for oral swallow despite gustatory sensory stimulation, hence the needs for nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding. He was diagnosed with frontal lobe syndrome and prescribed olanzapine 5mg daily that was optimised to 10mg due to worsened aggression.

Preliminary detection of mites and coccidia with their zoonotic potential in meat-farmed rabbits in three districts in Selangor, Malaysia.

Mites infestation and gastrointestinal parasites including coccidia are common problems reported in pets, petting farms and farmed practices. sp. and sp.

Informal carer's knowledge of traumatic brain injury questionnaire: Initial development and validation.

Aim: To develop and psychometrically test the instrument for measuring the knowledge of traumatic brain injury of informal carers.

Design: Instrument development.

Method: Focus group discussions were conducted among informal carers and healthcare specialists in March 2017.

Pathological changes, distribution and detection of in foetuses of experimentally-infected does.

Background: Brucellosis of goats is caused by It is a re-emerging zoonotic disease in many countries due to transmission from domestic animals and wildlife such as ibex, deer and wild buffaloes.

Objective: To describe the pathological changes, identification and distribution of in foetuses of experimentally infected does.

Methods: Twelve female goats of approximately 90 days pregnant were divided into 4 groups.

Clinical assessment and grading of back pain in horses.

Background: The clinical presentation of horses with back pain (BP) vary considerably with most horse's willingness to take part in athletic or riding purpose becoming impossible. However, there are some clinical features that are directly responsible for the loss or failure of performance.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical features of the thoracolumbar region associated with BP in horses and to use some of the clinical features to classify equine BP.