Short-Term Clinical Results After ILM Removal and Inverted ILM Flap for Macular Hole Repair - A Single-Center Retrospective Experience.

Purpose: To compare results after ILM peeling and ILM inverted flap technique utilized the repair of full thickness macular holes, irrespective of their size.

Patients And Methods: Pre- and postoperative data of 109 patients who suffered from a full thickness macular hole were retrospectively analyzed. Forty-eight patients were treated with an inverted ILM flap technique, 61 patients were treated with ILM peeling.

Fullfield and extrafoveal visual evoked potentials in healthy eyes: reference data for a curved OLED display.

Purpose: Visual evoked potentials (VEP) present an important diagnostic tool in various ophthalmologic and neurologic diseases. Quantitative response data varied among patients but are also dependent on the recording and stimulating equipment. We established VEP reference values for our setting which was recently modified by using a curved OLED display as visual stimulator.

Association of ocular blood flow and contrast sensitivity in normal tension glaucoma.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship of ocular blood flow (via arteriovenous passage time, AVP) and contrast sensitivity (CS) in healthy as well as normal tension glaucoma (NTG) subjects.

Design: Mono-center comparative prospective trial METHODS: Twenty-five NTG patients without medication and 25 healthy test participants were recruited. AVP as a measure of retinal blood flow was recorded via fluorescein angiography after CS measurement using digital image analysis.

Chitosan Nanocomposite Coatings Containing Chemically Resistant ZnO-SnO Core-shell Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Antifouling.

Functional nanocomposites with biopolymers and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles is an emerging application of photocatalysis in antifouling coatings. The reduced chemical stability of ZnO in the acidic media in which chitosan is soluble affects the performance of chitosan nanocomposites in antifouling applications. In this study, a thin shell of amorphous tin dioxide (SnO) was grown on the surface of ZnO to form ZnO-SnO core-shell nanoparticles that improved the chemical stability of the photocatalyst nanoparticles, as examined at pH 3 and 6.

Intraocular lens power calculation for plus and minus lenses in high myopia using partial coherence interferometry.

Purpose: We assessed the accuracy of lens power calculation in highly myopic patients implanting plus and minus intraocular lenses (IOL).

Methods: We included 58 consecutive, myopic eyes with an axial length (AL) > 26.0 mm, undergoing phacoemulsification and IOL implantation following biometry using the IOLMaster 500.

Development of visual acuity under hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBO) in non arteritic retinal branch artery occlusion.

Purpose: Nonperfusion of retinal tissue due to arterial occlusion leads inevitably to mostly irreversible retinal damage. Until today no evidence-based treatment exists. Inhalation of 100% oxygen at high atmospheric pressure causes an increased solubility of oxygen in the blood that helps the retinal tissue to survive through diffusion in case of an artery occlusion till vascular recanalization occurs.

The very large electrode array for retinal stimulation (VLARS)-A concept study.

Objective: The restoration of vision in blind patients suffering from degenerative retinal diseases like retinitis pigmentosa may be obtained by local electrical stimulation with retinal implants. In this study, a very large electrode array for retinal stimulation (VLARS) was introduced and tested regarding its safety in implantation and biocompatibility. Further, the array's stimulation capabilities were tested in an acute setting.

Long-term Clinical Results of Vitrectomy and Scleral Buckling in Treatment of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: Most studies about retinal detachment cover a limited follow-up period. The purpose of this research is to assess the long-term results after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and scleral buckle (SB) surgery in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: 155 patients with RRD are treated either with SB or PPV with a mean follow-up of more than 5 years.

Ocular side effects of Levitra (vardenafil) - results of a double-blind crossover study in healthy male subjects.

Purpose: To determine ocular side effects of vardenafil with special regard to color vision and retinal function.

Methods: This was a single center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, twofold crossover study with an administration of a single oral dose of two 20 mg tablets of BAY 38-9456 (vardenafil hydrochloride) or corresponding placebo in 24 healthy male subjects. Ocular investigations included Farnsworth-Munsell D100 color vision test, electroretinogram, and basic ophthalmological examinations like visual acuity, visual field, and slit-lamp of anterior segment and fundus.

Vitrectomy with and without encircling band for pseudophakic retinal detachment with inferior breaks: VIPER Study Report No. 3.

Purpose: To test if an encircling band improves outcomes in vitrectomy for pseudophakic retinal detachment (PRD) with inferior or with multiple (4 or more) breaks.

Methods: Subgroup analysis of a prospective randomized controlled multicenter trial in patients with uncomplicated PRD assigned either to 20 G vitrectomy plus encircling band (group E1), or 20 G vitrectomy without any buckle (group C), or 23/25 G vitrectomy without any buckle (group E2). The primary endpoint was defined as no indication for any retina reattaching procedure during the review period of 6 months.

[Candida infiltrations in the iris and lens during iritis and situation after sepsis].

Intraocular Candida infections are overall rather rare; nevertheless they are often found as endogenous infections after Candida sepsis and can be sight-threatening. The most common manifestations are either a sole chorioretinitis or an endophthalmitis. Here we report the case of a 35-year-old man developing Candida infiltrations in the lens capsule and behind the iris after corticosteroid treatment of a presumed HLA-B27-positive iritis.

Goldmann Applanation Tonometry versus Dynamic Contour Tonometry after Vitrectomy with Silicone Oil Endotamponade.

Purpose: To evaluate the agreement of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements using dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) in eyes after vitrectomy with silicone oil endotamponade and controls.

Methods: In this prospective comparative study, IOP was measured with GAT and DCT in 30 eyes with oil endotamponade 1-3 days after vitrectomy and 40 untreated controls. In addition, ocular pulse amplitude (OPA), corneal pachymetry (CCT), and axial length (AL) were measured.

Vitrectomy with and without encircling band for pseudophakic retinal detachment: VIPER Study Report No 2-main results.

Background: It is unclear whether or not an additional encircling band improves outcome in vitrectomy for pseudophakic retinal detachment (PRD). Also unclear is whether small gauge transconjunctival trocar-guided vitrectomy is as successful as conventional 20 gauge (G) vitrectomy.

Methods: 257 adult patients with uncomplicated PRD were enrolled in 14 vitreoretinal centres across Germany.

[Trabeculotomy Combined with Cataract Surgery in Glaucoma: Outcome in a Rural Setting].

Intensive postoperative care is essential for the outcome of trabeculectomy. However, in a rural setting, repeated visits to the operating theatre are often not requested or possible. The objective of this study was to examine the outcome of trabeculotomy combined with cataract surgery in patients with glaucoma.

Goldmann Applanation Tonometry Versus Dynamic Contour Tonometry After Vitrectomy.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the agreement of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement using dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) in eyes after vitrectomy with intraocular gas endotamponade, in eyes after vitrectomy with no tamponade, and in controls.

Methods: In this prospective comparative study IOP was measured with GAT and DCT in 41 eyes with gas endotamponade (sulfur hexafluoride 20%) 1 to 3 days after vitrectomy, in 32 postvitrectomy eyes with intraocular water, and in 46 control eyes with no history of glaucoma or intraocular surgery. Corneal pachymetry and axial length measurements were additionally performed.

Blue-yellow and standard pattern visual evoked potentials in phakic and pseudophakic glaucoma patients and controls.

Purpose: Blue-yellow short wavelength testing (BY-VEPs) has proven diagnostic relevance in detecting early ganglion cell damage, e.g., in glaucoma.

[The Influence of Intravitreal Injections on Outpatient Cataract Operations in Germany].

Purpose: The number of outpatient operations in Germany is not registered in a centralised manner. To estimate the development of the outpatient intraocular surgery especially since the implementation of the intravitreal injections, surveys among ophthalmic surgeons were analysed.

Methods: Between 2006 and 2013 surveys were done among ophthalmic surgeons in Germany using questionnaires.

Vitrectomy with or without encircling band for pseudophakic retinal detachment: a multi-centre, three-arm, randomised clinical trial. VIPER Study Report No. 1--design and enrolment.

Purpose: Scleral buckling is currently used in addition to vitrectomy for the treatment of pseudophakic retinal detachment (PRD) to better support the vitreous base and better visualisation of the periphery.

Aims: The aims of this study are to evaluate (1) whether the combination of 20 G vitrectomy and scleral buckling is superior to 20 G vitrectomy alone (control) (confirmatory), and (2) whether transconjunctival 23/25 G vitrectomy is non-inferior to 20 G vitrectomy (both without scleral buckling) regarding operation success (exploratory).

Methods: The VIPER (Vitrectomy Plus Encircling Band Vs.

Influence of the prediction error of the first eye undergoing cataract surgery on the refractive outcome of the fellow eye.

Introduction: In addition to measurement errors, individual anatomical conditions could be made responsible for unexpected prediction errors in the determination of the correct intraocular lens power for cataract surgery. Obviously, such anatomical conditions might be relevant for both eyes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the postoperative refractive error of the first eye has to be taken in account for the biometry of the second.

Topography of retinal recovery processes in humans.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine retinal recovery processes to pographically by the application of three flash sequences with specific interstimulus intervals.

Methods: Twelve healthy subjects underwent multifocal electroretinography with a light-emitting diode stimulator. Every flash sequence consisted of three flashes with 25 msec between the first and the second flash and 35 msec between the second and the third flash.

Partial Coherence Laser Interferometry in Highly Myopic versus Emmetropic Eyes.

Purpose: To investigate the reliability of partial coherence laser interferometry for optical biometry in highly myopic eyes.

Methods: Axial length measurements by the IOLMaster (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany) with signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ≥2 were performed in 52 consecutive myopic subjects with axial length ≥26.5 mm and 45 emmetropic patients before cataract surgery.

The effect of cataract surgery on blue-yellow and standard-pattern visual-evoked potentials.

Purpose: Blue-yellow visual-evoked potentials (BY-VEPs) may be used for diagnostics of functional ganglion cell damage in glaucoma and other ocular diseases. In this study we investigated the impact of lenticular opacities on BY- and standard pattern reversal VEPs by examining patients before and after cataract surgery.

Methods: Eighteen patients with moderate cataract were included in a prospective study.

Clinical observations and occurrence of complications following heavy silicone oil surgery.

Purpose: To demonstrate development and complications in heavy silicone oil (HSO) surgery in 100 eyes following primary vitreoretinal surgery.

Methods: 100 eyes were included in this retrospective study that underwent vitreoretinal surgery using HSO as endotamponade. Indication diagnoses were retinal detachments (n = 76), complicated macular holes (MH) (n = 20), and others (n = 4).

The effects of iodoacetic acid on the mouse retina.

Background: To characterize the effects of intravitreal injections of iodoacetic acid (IAA) in comparison to its systemic application as a measure to induce unilateral photoreceptor degeneration.

Methods: Seven-week-old C57BL/6 J mice received either intravitreal injections of IAA or systemic treatment (intraperitoneal vs intravenous) and were observed in the following 5 weeks using ERG, OCT, and histology.

Results: Systemic treatment with IAA induced high toxic effects and a high mortality in contrast to the intravitreal injection.