Effects of Chitosan as a Novel Obturation Material for Pulpectomized Teeth on Periapical Inflammation, Periodontal Ligament Widening, and Hard Tissue Resorption: A Preliminary Exploratory Study on Dogs.

This preliminary animal study was conducted to assess the effects of chitosan as a novel obturation material for pulpectomized teeth on periapical inflammation, periodontal ligament (PDL) widening, and hard tissue resorption. Forty premolar root canals in two mature dogs were obturated with zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) and an experimental 3% chitosan paste (n=20 in each group). The teeth were then restored with amalgam.

Preclinical assessment of a cell-free multi-layered scaffold prepared by 3D printing and electrospinning for small-diameter blood vessel tissue engineering in a canine model.

Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) are promising alternatives to existing prosthetic grafts. The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical feasibility of a novel multi-layered small-diameter vascular graft that has a hierarchical structure. Vascular grafts with elaborately designed composition and architecture were prepared by 3D printing and electrospinning and were implanted into the femoral artery of 5 dogs.

assessment of bone repair by an injectable nanocomposite scaffold for local co-delivery of autologous platelet-rich plasma and calcitonin in a rat model.

Background: Gellan gum is obtained from the bacterium and is a polysaccharide with carboxylic acid functional groups. The goal of this project was to investigate the osteoinductive effect of local administration of calcitonin through an injectable scaffold of gellan gum containing salmon calcitonin loaded in silsesquioxane nanoparticles, hydroxyapatite, and platelets rich plasma.

Methods: The femur of rats was defected by creating a 2 × 5 mm hole using an electric drill.

Histological assessment of the local effect of different concentrations of aminoguanidine hydrochloride on bone healing in rats.

Background: Nitric oxide (NO) has several functions in bone healing and affects bone metabolism. Selective inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitors can be used to assess the efficacy of NO for healing of bone defects. This study sought to assess the local effect of different concentrations of aminoguanidine hydrochloride (AG), a selective iNOS inhibitor, on bone healing in rats.

Calcitonin-loaded octamaleimic acid-silsesquioxane nanoparticles in hydrogel scaffold support osteoinductivity in bone regeneration.

Novel osteoinductive scaffolds fabricated using the benefits of tissue engineering techniques accompanied by utilizing drugs can accelerate bone regeneration. The purpose of this study was to load salmon calcitonin (sCT) in octamaleimic acid-silsesquioxane (OMA-POSS) nanoparticles and enrich the hydrogel scaffold based on hydroxyapatite, Gelrite® and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for use in bone tissue engineering. The loading efficiency, release percentage, particle size and zeta potential of the nanoparticles were evaluated.

In-vivo evaluation of a partially resorbable poly l-lactic acid/ braided bioactive glass fibers reinforced composite for load bearing fracture fixation.

Our previous studies have been focused on the design, optimization and manufacture of a partially resorbable composite bone plate consisting of a poly l-lactic acid matrix reinforced with braided fabrics bioactive glass fibers (PLLA/BG). In the present study, the response of the composite samples, the degradation rate, the inflammatory response, fibrous capsule formation and tissue-implant bonding to the in-vivo environment were assessed via implantation in the rabbit subcutaneous tissue. Despite the presence of both enzymatic degradation and hydrolysis processes within the body, the rate of the molecular weight loss as an indicator of degradation did not show a significant difference with the in-vitro conditions.

Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane /Platelets Rich Plasma/Gelrite-Based Hydrogel Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Background: Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) is a monomer with silicon structure and an internal nanometric cage.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide an injectable hydrogel that could be easily located in open or closed bone fractures and injuries, and also to reduce the possible risks of infections caused by bone graft either as an allograft or an autograft.

Methods: Various formulations of temperature sensitive hydrogels containing hydroxyapatite, Gelrite, POSS and platelets rich plasma (PRP), such as the co-gelling agent and cell growth enhancer, were prepared.

Nano-Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Ceramic for the Repair of Bone Defects.

Calcium phosphate bioceramics has recently experienced increased interest in bone reconstruction. Mimicking of natural structure of bone, like the use of nanomaterials, is an attractive approach for generating scaffolds for bone regeneration. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of nanonization on the biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic in the repair of bone cavities in the canine mandible.

Selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor promotes bone healing.

Background: Nitric oxide (NO) has many functions in wound healing and bone metabolism. This study sought to assess the local effect of aminoguanidine (AG), a selective inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, on the rate of bone healing.

Materials And Methods: This experimental interventional study was conducted on 36 rats, which were randomly divided into three groups of control, placebo, and AG.