Outcomes and Complications of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL): A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Urolithiasis is extremely prevalent in Pakistan, with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) emerging as the primary treatment modality over traditional open surgery. Despite its effectiveness, PCNL is associated with a risk of complications and residual stones. There is limited data on PCNL outcomes from Southern Punjab, necessitating an evaluation of its efficacy and safety in this region.

Prediction of CO solubility in Ionic liquids for CO capture using deep learning models.

Ionic liquids (ILs) are highly effective for capturing carbon dioxide (CO). The prediction of CO solubility in ILs is crucial for optimizing CO capture processes. This study investigates the use of deep learning models for CO solubility prediction in ILs with a comprehensive dataset of 10,116 CO solubility data in 164 kinds of ILs under different temperature and pressure conditions.

Stone clearance and complication rate of micro percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intrarenal surgery for lower pole renal stone: A randomized trial.

Background: The use of unhealthy food and a sedentary lifestyle increases daily health problems. Renal stones are one among others. Endourology promises the minimum complications and the highest stone clearance rate.

Crystal Growth and Physical Properties of Hybrid CoSn-YCoGe Structure Type LnCo(GeSn) (Ln = Y, Gd).

There is an ongoing interest in kagome materials because they offer tunable platforms at the intersection of magnetism and electron correlation. Herein, we examine single crystals of new kagome materials, LnCo(GeSn) (Ln = Y, Gd; = 0.11, 0.

Incidental Prostate Cancer: A 23-Year Review Of A Tertiary Care Hospital.

Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men worldwide. The prevalence has been increasing with significant differences between regions. This study assesses the prevalence of incidental prostate cancer detected in specimens removed during bladder outlet obstruction operation.

In Science Journals.

Highlights from the family of journals.

Anisotropic proximity-induced superconductivity and edge supercurrent in Kagome metal, KVSb.

Materials with Kagome nets are of particular importance for their potential combination of strong correlation, exotic magnetism, and electronic topology. KVSb was discovered to be a layered topological metal with a Kagome net of vanadium. Here, we fabricated Josephson Junctions of KVSb and induced superconductivity over long junction lengths.

Evaluating the efficiency of coarser to finer resolution multispectral satellites in mapping paddy rice fields using GEE implementation.

Timely and accurate estimation of rice-growing areas and forecasting of production can provide crucial information for governments, planners, and decision-makers in formulating policies. While there exists studies focusing on paddy rice mapping, only few have compared multi-scale datasets performance in rice classification. Furthermore, rice mapping of large geographical areas with sufficient accuracy for planning purposes has been a challenge in Pakistan, but recent advancements in Google Earth Engine make it possible to analyze spatial and temporal variations within these areas.

SELWAK: A Secure and Efficient Lightweight and Anonymous Authentication and Key Establishment Scheme for IoT Based Vehicular Ad hoc Networks.

In recent decades, Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) have emerged as a promising field that provides real-time communication between vehicles for comfortable driving and human safety. However, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) platform faces some serious problems in the deployment of robust authentication mechanisms in resource-constrained environments and directly affects the efficiency of existing VANET schemes. Moreover, the security of the information becomes a critical issue over an open wireless access medium.

The field-free Josephson diode in a van der Waals heterostructure.

The superconducting analogue to the semiconducting diode, the Josephson diode, has long been sought with multiple avenues to realization being proposed by theorists. Showing magnetic-field-free, single-directional superconductivity with Josephson coupling, it would serve as the building block for next-generation superconducting circuit technology. Here we realized the Josephson diode by fabricating an inversion symmetry breaking van der Waals heterostructure of NbSe/NbBr/NbSe.

In Science Journals.

Highlights from the family of journals.

Spin-Orbit Torque Switching in an All-Van der Waals Heterostructure.

Current-induced control of magnetization in ferromagnets using spin-orbit torque (SOT) has drawn attention as a new mechanism for fast and energy efficient magnetic memory devices. Energy-efficient spintronic devices require a spin-current source with a large SOT efficiency (ξ) and electrical conductivity (σ), and an efficient spin injection across a transparent interface. Herein, single crystals of the van der Waals (vdW) topological semimetal WTe  and vdW ferromagnet Fe GeTe are used to satisfy the requirements in their all-vdW-heterostructure with an atomically sharp interface.

Integrated phosphorus nutrient sources improve wheat yield and phosphorus use efficiency under sub humid conditions.

Majority of Pakistani soils are deficient in phosphorus. Phosphorus is usually applied in form of synthetic fertilizer. However integrated use of P from synthetic and organic sources can be more profitable and beneficial on sustainable basis.

SNPs at 3'UTR of APOL1 and miR-6741-3p target sites associated with kidney diseases more susceptible to SARS-COV-2 infection: in silco and in vitro studies.

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a common manifestation of COVID-19 and several cases have been reported in the setting of the high-risk APOL1 genotype (common genetic variants). This increases the likelihood that African American people with the high-risk genotype APOL1 are at increased risk for kidney disease in the COVID-19 environment. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are found in various microRNAs (miRNAs) and target genes change the miRNA activity that leads to different diseases.

Lipoic Acid Combined with Melatonin Mitigates Oxidative Stress and Promotes Root Formation and Growth in Salt-Stressed Canola Seedlings ( L.).

Lipoic acid (LA) and melatonin (MT) are pleiotropic molecules participating in plant stress resistance by modulating cellular biochemical changes, ion homeostasis, and antioxidant enzyme activities. However, the combined role of these two molecules in counteracting the detrimental impacts of salinity stress is still unknown. In the present study, we determined the effects of exogenous LA (0.

Interference of horse purslane ( L.) and other weeds affect yield of autumn planted maize ( L.).

To assess comparative losses of (HP) relative to other weeds, the experiment was set during consecutive summer seasons 2018 and 2019 at the Research Farm MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan. Experiment consisted three replications which were laid out under randomized complete block design. Experiment consisted of ten treatments viz: weeds free (whole season), HP free till 20 Days after emergence (DAE), HP free till 40 DAE, HP free till 60 DAE, all weeds free 20 DAE, all weeds free 40 DAE, all weeds free 60 DAE, weedy check (all weeds), weedy check except HP and weedy check containing only HP.

Field-Modulated Anomalous Hall Conductivity and Planar Hall Effect in CoSnS Nanoflakes.

Time-reversal-symmetry-breaking Weyl semimetals (WSMs) have attracted great attention recently because of the interplay between intrinsic magnetism and topologically nontrivial electrons. Here, we present anomalous Hall and planar Hall effect studies on CoSnS nanoflakes, a magnetic WSM hosting stacked Kagome lattice. The reduced thickness modifies the magnetic properties of the nanoflake, resulting in a 15-time larger coercive field compared with the bulk, and correspondingly modifies the transport properties.

Giant, unconventional anomalous Hall effect in the metallic frustrated magnet candidate, KVSb.

The anomalous Hall effect (AHE) is one of the most fundamental phenomena in physics. In the highly conductive regime, ferromagnetic metals have been the focus of past research. Here, we report a giant extrinsic AHE in KVSb, an exfoliable, highly conductive semimetal with Dirac quasiparticles and a vanadium Kagome net.

Heavy metal contamination and exposure risk assessment via drinking groundwater in Vehari, Pakistan.

The presence of toxic substances in aquifers, particularly potentially toxic heavy metals, is an important environmental and social concern worldwide. These heavy metals are capable to exert many injurious health effects in human beings by intake of drinking metal-contaminated water. However, very little attention is paid towards quantitative and qualitative analysis of groundwater used for drinking purpose in several less-developed countries.

Author Correction: Evidence of higher-order topology in multilayer WTe from Josephson coupling through anisotropic hinge states.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Evidence of higher-order topology in multilayer WTe from Josephson coupling through anisotropic hinge states.

Td-WTe (non-centrosymmetric and orthorhombic), a type-II Weyl semimetal, is expected to have higher-order topological phases with topologically protected, helical one-dimensional hinge states when its Weyl points are annihilated. However, the detection of these hinge states is difficult due to the semimetallic behaviour of the bulk. In this study, we have spatially resolved the hinge states by analysing the magnetic field interference of the supercurrent in Nb-WTe-Nb proximity Josephson junctions.

Anomalous thickness-dependent electrical conductivity in van der Waals layered transition metal halide, NbCl.

Understanding the electronic transport properties of layered, van der Waals transition metal halides (TMHs) and chalcogenides is a highly active research topic today. Of particular interest is the evolution of those properties with changing thickness as the 2D limit is approached. Here, we present the electrical conductivity of exfoliated single crystals of the TMH, cluster magnet, NbCl, over a wide range of thicknesses both with and without hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) encapsulation.

Assessment and incidence of fish associated bacterial pathogens at hatcheries of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.

Fish is the most indispensable source of proteins for individuals and have high nutritional value. On the other hand, the fish culturing raised issues of fish health due to close contact between the aquatic environment and the fish pathogens. So, the aim of the current study was to identify the bacterial pathogens and screen the injured Rainbow trout rearing in different trout hatcheries run under fisheries department of the government of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.

Proposal to Detect Dark Matter using Axionic Topological Antiferromagnets.

Antiferromagnetically doped topological insulators (ATI) are among the candidates to host dynamical axion fields and axion polaritons, weakly interacting quasiparticles that are analogous to the dark axion, a long sought after candidate dark matter particle. Here we demonstrate that using the axion quasiparticle antiferromagnetic resonance in ATIs in conjunction with low-noise methods of detecting THz photons presents a viable route to detect axion dark matter with a mass of 0.7 to 3.

Using GIS tools to detect the land use/land cover changes during forty years in Lodhran District of Pakistan.

Land use/land cover (LULC) change has serious implications for environment as LULC is directly related to land degradation over a period of time and results in many changes in the environment. Monitoring the locations and distributions of LULC changes is important for establishing links between regulatory actions, policy decisions, and subsequent LULC activities. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) has the potential ability to identify the vegetation features of various eco-regions and provides valuable information as a remote sensing tool in studying vegetation phenology cycles.