Development of a new data management system for the study of the gut microbiome of children who are small for their gestational age.

Microbiome studies aim to answer the following questions: which organisms are in the sample and what is their impact on the patient or the environment? To answer these questions, investigators have to perform comparative analyses on their classified sequences based on the collected metadata, such as treatment, condition of the patient, or the environment. The integrity of sequences, classifications, and metadata is paramount for the success of such studies. Still, the area of data management for the preliminary study results appears to be neglected.

Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes-An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Objective: The effects of neonatal hypoglycemia on the developing brain are well known, resulting in poor neurological outcomes. We aimed to perform an updated meta-analysis on neonatal hypoglycemia, the severity of hypoglycemia, and the associated neurodevelopmental outcomes from infancy to adulthood.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted from inception until March 2024, using the PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and the CENTRAL databases.

Clinical associations of complement-activating collectins, collectin-10, collectin-11 and mannose-binding lectin in preterm neonates.

Introduction: Premature and low-birthweight infants are at especially high risk of perinatal complications, including impaired thermoregulation, infections and respiratory distress. Such adverse effects and the need for invasive procedures are associated with high mortality among preterms. This study focused on the influence of the innate immune system and tested the levels of collectins, collectin-10 (CL-10), collectin-11 (CL-11) and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in preterm neonates.

Two-Year Outcomes of Umbilical Cord Milking in Nonvigorous Infants: A Secondary Analysis of the MINVI Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Compared with early cord clamping (ECC), umbilical cord milking (UCM) reduces delivery room cardiorespiratory support, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and therapeutic hypothermia in nonvigorous near-term and full-term infants. However, UCM postdischarge outcomes are not known.

Objective: To determine the 2-year outcomes of children randomized to UCM or ECC at birth in the Milking in Nonvigorous Infants (MINVI) trial.

Milrinone in persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn: a scoping review.

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a common neonatal condition in newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). PPHN has still a high mortality and morbidity. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is the first line vasodilator therapy for PPHN in high income countries.

Advancing the Clinical and Molecular Understanding of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Pediatric Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a complex genetic disorder with distinct facial features, growth limitations, and limb anomalies. Its broad clinical spectrum presents significant challenges in pediatric diagnosis and management. Due to cohesin complex mutations, the disorder's variable presentation requires extensive research to refine care and improve outcomes.

Association of Fortification with Human Milk versus Bovine Milk-Based Fortifiers on Short-Term Outcomes in Preterm Infants-A Meta-Analysis.

This meta-analysis assessed short-term outcomes after using human milk-derived fortifiers (HMFs) compared with bovine milk fortifiers (BMFs) in preterm infants fed an exclusive human milk (HM) diet, either mother's own milk (MOM) or donor human milk (DHM). We searched PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, CENTRAL and CINHAL between January 2015 and August 2023 for studies reporting outcomes in infants with ≤28 weeks gestation and/or birthweight ≤ 1500 g on an exclusive human milk diet fortified with HMF versus BMF. The primary outcomes were death and NEC (stage ≥ 2).

Preterm birth and stillbirth during COVID-19 pandemic in Bihor County/Romania.

Background: International studies have reported conflicting data about the effects of COVID-19 pandemic policy measures on maternal and neonatal health. A major impact was reported on stillbirth and prematurity. The published literature suggests that the economic setting influenced the effects of imposed mitigation measures with a more severe effect in low-income countries.

Detailed statistical analysis plan for ALBINO: effect of Allopurinol in addition to hypothermia for hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury on Neurocognitive Outcome - a blinded randomized placebo-controlled parallel group multicenter trial for superiority (phase III).

Background: Despite therapeutic hypothermia (TH) and neonatal intensive care, 45-50% of children affected by moderate-to-severe neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) die or suffer from long-term neurodevelopmental impairment. Additional neuroprotective therapies are sought, besides TH, to further improve the outcome of affected infants. Allopurinol - a xanthine oxidase inhibitor - reduced the production of oxygen radicals and subsequent brain damage in pre-clinical and preliminary human studies of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, if administered before or early after the insult.

Systemic exposure to aflibercept after intravitreal injection in premature neonates with retinopathy of prematurity: results from the FIREFLEYE randomized phase 3 study.

Background: There are no data on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and immunogenicity of intravitreal aflibercept in preterm infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). FIREFLEYE compared aflibercept 0.4 mg/eye and laser photocoagulation in infants with acute-phase ROP requiring treatment.

Comment on Jankiewicz et al. The Effect of Goat-Milk-Based Infant Formulas on Growth and Safety Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2023, , 2110.

We have read the article entitled "The effect of goat-milk-based infant formulas on growth and safety parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis" by Jankiewicz et al [...

Association of low ficolin-2 concentration in cord serum with respiratory distress syndrome in preterm newborns.

Introduction: Ficolin-2 is a serum pattern recognition molecule, involved in complement activation the lectin pathway. This study aimed to investigate the association of ficolin-2 concentration in cord blood serum with complications related to premature birth.

Methods: 546 premature neonates were included.

Association of the Gene Promoter Region Polymorphisms with Very Low Birthweight in Preterm Neonates.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) localised to the promoter region of the FCN2 gene are known to influence the concentration of ficolin-2 in human serum and therefore potentially have clinical associations. We investigated the relationships between SNPs at positions −986 (A > G), −602 (G > A), −64 (A > C) and −4 (A > G) and clinical complications in 501 preterms. Major alleles at positions −986 and −64 and A/A homozygosity for both polymorphisms were less frequent among babies with very low birthweight (VLBW, ≤1500 g) compared with the reference group (OR = 0.

Umbilical cord milking in nonvigorous infants: a cluster-randomized crossover trial.

Background: Delayed cord clamping and umbilical cord milking provide placental transfusion to vigorous newborns. Delayed cord clamping in nonvigorous newborns may not be provided owing to a perceived need for immediate resuscitation. Umbilical cord milking is an alternative, as it can be performed more quickly than delayed cord clamping and may confer similar benefits.

Why Is Health Care for Children with Down Syndrome So Crucial from the First Days of Life? A Retrospective Cohort Study Emphasized Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis (TAM) Syndrome at Three Centers.

Down syndrome (DS) is a common genetic disorder and is associated with an increased likelihood of many diseases, including defects of the heart, genitourinary system, gastrointestinal tract, and oncological diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze medical problems occurring in newborns with DS and to create a basic diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm intended primarily for neonatologists, pediatricians, family physicians, and physicians of other specialties caring for children with DS. Over a 5-year period, the medical records of 161 neonates with Down syndrome from four neonatology departments in Poznan, Poland, were examined.

Effect of Intravitreal Aflibercept vs Laser Photocoagulation on Treatment Success of Retinopathy of Prematurity: The FIREFLEYE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Laser photocoagulation, which is the standard treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), can have adverse events. Studies of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections have suggested efficacy in the treatment of ROP, but few studies have directly compared them with laser treatments.

Objective: To compare intravitreal aflibercept vs laser photocoagulation in infants with ROP requiring treatment.

Mode of Delivery and Incidence of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Results from the Population-Based EPICE Cohort.

Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) represents a tremendous disease burden following preterm birth. The strong association between compromised gas exchange after birth and BPD demands particular focus on the perinatal period. The mode of delivery can impact on lung fluid clearance and microbial colonization, but its impact on BPD and potential trade-off effects between death and BPD are not established.

Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality in Advanced Aged Mothers-Maternal Age Is Not an Independent Risk Factor for Infants Born Very Preterm.

As childbearing is postponed in developed countries, maternal age (MA) has increased over decades with an increasing number of pregnancies between age 35-39 and beyond. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of advanced (AMA) and very advanced maternal age (vAMA) on morbidity and mortality of very preterm (VPT) infants. This was a population-based cohort study including infants from the "Effective Perinatal Intensive Care in Europe" (EPICE) cohort.

Protocol: Pentoxifylline optimal dose finding trial in preterm neonates with suspected late onset sepsis (PTX-trial).

Background: Late onset sepsis is a leading cause of death and morbidity in preterm infants. Despite optimal antibiotic treatment, sepsis related mortality and morbidity is still high. Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a methylxanthine with promising immunomodulatory properties, which can be used as an additional therapy next to antibiotics in preterm infants.

Polymorphisms of the Gene 3'UTR Region and Their Clinical Associations in Preterm Newborns.

Ficolin-2 is regarded as an important innate immunity factor endowed with both lectin (carbohydrate recognition) qualities and ability to induce complement activation. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) polymorphisms with ficolin-2 expression and perinatal complications in preterm neonates. The sequencing analysis allowed us to identify six 3'UTR polymorphisms with minor allele frequency (MAF) >1%: rs4521835, rs73664188, rs11103564, rs11103565, rs6537958 and rs6537959.