Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has had and will have impacts on public health and health system expenses. Indeed, not only it has led to high numbers of confirmed COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations, but its consequences will remain even after the end of the COVID-19 crisis. Therefore, therapeutic options are required to both tackle the COVID-19 crisis and manage its consequences during the post COVID-19 era.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe strong benefits of exercise, in addition to the development of both the therapeutic applications of physical activity and molecular biology tools, means that it has become very important to explore the underlying molecular patterns linking exercise and its induced phenotypic changes. Within this context, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine () has been characterized as an exercise-induced protein that would mediate and induce some important effects of exercise. Herein, we suggest some underlying pathways to explain such -induced exercise-like effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt has been shown that the risk of developing obesity, a serious modern health problem, increases with air pollution. However, the molecular links are yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, we propose a hypothesis via which air pollution-induced DNA damage would be the mechanistic link between air pollution and the enhanced risk of obesity and overweight.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAgeing is defined by the decline in the biological and physiological functions over time, which leads to health problems and increases risks of diseases. The modern societies are characterised by an ageing population, which represents challenges for the healthcare system. Within this context, there is a need to better understand the biological mechanisms beyond ageing in order to optimise geriatric therapies and medical approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity represents a medical challenge for modern therapists. The main difficulty is that once obesity is established, it is hard to reverse. It is believed that once an increased body weight/adiposity content is reached it becomes the "reference" that energy mechanisms adjust towards keeping.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity represents a heavy burden for modern healthcare. The main challenge facing obesity research progress is the unknown underlying pathways, which limits our understanding of the pathogenesis and developing therapies. Obesity induces specific biochemical environments that impact the different cells and tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong periods of immobilization, among other etiologies, would result is muscle atrophy. Exercise is the best approach to reverse this atrophy. However, the limited or the non-ability to perform the required physical activity for such patients and the limited pharmacological options make developing novel therapeutic approaches a necessity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAgeing is the effect of time on biological entities. It represents a risk factor for a variety of diseases and health disorders; thus, therapeutic options are required to tackle ageing issues. Modern geriatric medicine prescribes exercise to counteract ageing effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSecreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular glycoprotein implicated in various functions, including metabolism, tissue regeneration, and functional homeostasis. SPARC/ declines with ageing but increases with exercise. We aim to verify two hypotheses: (1) SPARC deficiency leads to an ageing-like phenotype (metabolic decline, muscle loss, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegenerative medicine uses the biological and medical knowledge on how the cells and tissue regenerate and evolve in order to develop novel therapies. Health conditions such as ageing, obesity and cancer lead to an impaired regeneration ability. Exercise, diet choices and sleeping pattern have significant impacts on regeneration biology via diverse pathways including reducing the inflammatory and oxidative components.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity is a health problem with increasing impacts on public health, economy and even social life. In order to reestablish the energy balance, obesity management focuses mainly on two pillars; exercise and diet. Beyond the contribution to the caloric intake, the diet nutrients and composition govern a variety of properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn modern societies, ageing and obesity represent medical challenges for healthcare professionals and caregivers. Obesity and ageing share common features including the related cellular and molecular pathways as well as the impacts they have as risk factors for a variety of diseases and health problems. Both of these health problems also share exercise and a healthy lifestyle as the best therapeutic options.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere were already numerous challenges facing the healthcare system prior to the ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although we look forward to ending this pandemic, it is still expected that the healthcare system will face further challenges leading to a multi-level health crisis. Indeed, after the COVID-19 pandemic, there will still be COVID-19 active cases and those left with health problems following COVID-19 infection who will be of a particular impact.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe numerous exercise benefits for health as well as applications for diseases has lead to exercise being prescribed in many pathological conditions. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) gene expression is stimulated by exercise and SPARC has been suggested as a molecular mediator of exercise. Therefore, we suggest using this property for personalized medicine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSecreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is expressed in diverse tissues and plays roles in various biological functions and processes. Increased serum levels of SPARC or its gene overexpression have been reported following numerous physiological and pathological changes including injuries, exercise, regeneration, obesity, cancer, and inflammation. Such expression pattern interrelation between these biological changes and the SPARC expression/secretion points to it as a biomarker.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrefoil Factor Family Member 2 (TFF2) belongs to TFF family peptides that includes TFF1, TFF2, TFF3. TFF2 is mainly known for its roles in the mucosal protection. In the context of obesity and high fat diet (HFD), has been characterized as a HFD-induced gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity represents a risk factor for a variety of diseases because of its inflammatory component, among other biological patterns. Recently, with the ongoing COVID-19 crisis, a special focus has been put on obesity as a status in which antibody production, among other immune functions, is impaired, which would impact both disease pathogenesis and vaccine efficacy. Within this piece of writing, we illustrate that such patterns would be due to the increased adiposity and fat distribution pattern rather than obesity (as defined by the body mass index) itself.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicines (Basel)
September 2021
The ongoing 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis has led governments to impose measures including mask wearing, physical distancing, and increased hygiene and disinfection, combined with home confinement and economic shutdown. Such measures have heavy negative consequences both on public health and the economy. However, these same measures have positive outcomes as "side effects" that are worth mentioning since they contribute to the improvement of some aspects of the population health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity has its epidemiological patterns continuously increasing. With controlling both diet and exercise being the main approaches to manage the energy metabolism balance, a high-fat (HF) diet is of particular importance. Indeed, lipids have a low satiety potential but a high caloric density.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis has led to a new socioeconomic reality with the acquisition of novel habits. Measures imposed by governments and health authorities such as confinement and lockdown have had important consequences, including mental health problems, economic crisis, and social isolation. Combined with newly acquired habits such as hand washing, sanitization, and face masks, these have all directly and indirectly led to reduced immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicina (Kaunas)
April 2021
With the advances in obesity research, a variety of animal models have been developed to investigate obesity pathogenesis, development, therapies and complications. Such obese animals would not only allow us to explore obesity but would also represent models to study diseases and conditions that develop with obesity or where obesity represents a risk factor. Indeed, obese subjects, as well as animal models of obesity, develop pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, inflammation and metabolic disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiological homeostasis requires a balance between the immunological functions and the resulting damage/side effects of the immunological reactions including those related to high-fat (HF) diet. Within this context, whereas HF diet, through diverse mechanisms (such as inflammation), leads to immune-mediated damage, trefoil factor family member 2 () represents a HF diet-induced gene. On the other hand, TFF2 both promotes tissue repair and reduces inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity represents a health problem resulting from a broken balance between energy intake and energy expenditure leading to excess fat accumulation. Elucidating molecular and cellular pathways beyond the establishment of obesity remains the main challenge facing the progress in understanding obesity and developing its treatment. Within this context, this opinion presents obesity as a reprogrammer of selected neurological and endocrine patterns in order to adapt to the new metabolic imbalance represented by obesity status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiverse pathologies (inflammation, tissues injuries, cancer, etc.) and physiological conditions (obesity, physical activity, etc.) induce the expression/secretion of the matricellular protein, secrete protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity is a health problem that, in addition to the known morbidities, induces the generation of a biological environment with negative impacts on regeneration. Indeed, factors like DNA damages, oxidative stress and inflammation would impair the stem cell functions, in addition to some metabolic and development patterns. At the cellular and tissulaire levels, this has consequences on growth, renewal and restoration which results into an impaired regeneration.
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