Peripheral Blood-Derived Microglia-Like Cells Decrease Amyloid-β Burden and Ameliorate Cognitive Impairment in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation in the brain triggers the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and its prevention and elimination are high priorities for anti-AD therapeutic strategies. Microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, promote Aβ clearance by phagocytosis. Previously, we demonstrated that injection of primary cultured rat microglia and mouse bone marrow-derived microglia-like cells into the brain decreases the level of Aβ and that intrahippocampal injection of these cells ameliorates cognitive impairment in a mouse model of AD.