On the path toward cervical cancer elimination in Canada: a national survey of factors influencing women's intentions to participate in human papillomavirus test-based primary cervical screening.

Background: HPV test-based primary cervical screening is replacing cytology in Canada. In other countries, women's unpreparedness and concerns hindered the transition and post-implementation screening uptake. We investigated psychosocial correlates of intentions of screening in eligible individuals to participate in HPV-based primary cervical screening.

Association between the Mode of Delivery and Vertical Transmission of Human Papillomavirus.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) can be vertically transmitted. Our objective was to measure the association between the mode of delivery and the detection of HPV in infants. We used data collected from pregnant women during the HERITAGE study.

Association between Human Papillomavirus 16 Viral Load in Pregnancy and Preterm Birth.

Recent evidence shows increased preterm birth risk with human papillomavirus-16 (HPV16) infection during pregnancy. This study aimed to measure the association between HPV16 viral load during pregnancy and preterm birth. We used data from participants in the HERITAGE study.

Are Canadian Women Prepared for the Transition to Primary HPV Testing in Cervical Screening? A National Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs.

As Canadian provinces and territories prepare to transition to HPV-based primary screening for cervical cancer, failure to identify and address potential barriers to screening could hinder program implementation. We examined screening-eligible Canadians' attitudes towards and knowledge of cervical screening. A nationally representative sample of screening-eligible Canadians ( = 3724) completed a web-based survey in the summer of 2022.

Canadian Guideline on the Management of a Positive Human Papillomavirus Test and Guidance for Specific Populations.

The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence-based guidance on the management of a positive human papilloma virus (HPV) test and to provide guidance around screening and HPV testing for specific patient populations. The guideline was developed by a working group in collaboration with the Gynecologic Oncology Society of Canada (GOC), Society of Colposcopists of Canada (SCC), and the Canadian Partnership Against Cancer. The literature informing these guidelines was obtained through a systematic review of relevant literature by a multi-step search process led by an information specialist.

Gynecological Cancer Survivors' Experiences of Dyspareunia and Factors Influencing Care-Seeking Behavior: A Qualitative Study.

Pain during sexual intercourse, also called dyspareunia, affects most women after treatment for gynecological cancer. Previous work adopted a biomedical approach to depict dyspareunia in this population, which provided a narrow perspective of this condition. Taking into account women's experiences of dyspareunia and the factors influencing their care-seeking behaviors would provide insight to improve care in the context of gynecological cancer.

Mediators of change in cognitive-behavioral couple therapy for genito-pelvic pain: Results of a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: A novel cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBCT) has shown efficacy for treating provoked vestibulodynia (PVD), the most common type of genito-pelvic pain, in comparison to topical lidocaine. However, mechanisms of therapeutic change have not been determined. We examined women's and partners' pain self-efficacy and pain catastrophizing as mediators of change in CBCT, using topical lidocaine as a control group.

Understanding the Challenges of HPV-Based Cervical Screening: Development and Validation of HPV Testing and Self-Sampling Attitudes and Beliefs Scales.

The disrupted introduction of the HPV-based cervical screening program in several jurisdictions has demonstrated that the attitudes and beliefs of screening-eligible persons are critically implicated in the success of program implementation (including the use of self-sampling). As no up-to-date and validated measures exist measuring attitudes and beliefs towards HPV testing and self-sampling, this study aimed to develop and validate two scales measuring these factors. In October-November 2021, cervical screening-eligible Canadians participated in a web-based survey.

Pagetoid Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia of the Vulva as a Mimicker of Vulvar Extramammary Paget Disease: Two Cases with Basal Layer Sparing.

Human papillomavirus-associated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia [HSIL] or VIN of usual type) is a lesion characterized by atypia extending from the basal layer to the upper epidermis. There are only rare reports of vulvar intraepithelial morphology exhibiting a pagetoid pattern of intraepithelial dissemination. We herein report two cases of vulvar HSIL in which a pagetoid pattern of spread and a largely uninvolved basal layer represented a diagnostic pitfall for extramammary Paget disease.

Never Too Late to Train: The Effects of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training on the Shape of the Levator Hiatus in Incontinent Older Women.

Pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training is the first-line treatment for women of all ages with urinary incontinence (UI), but evidence supporting its effects on the functional anatomy of the pelvic floor is scarce in older women. We aimed to evaluate the long-term (one-year) effects of PFM training on the shape of the levator hiatus (LH) in older women with UI and its association with PFM force, incontinence severity, and potential effect modifiers (age, UI severity, BMI, and UI type). This is a secondary analysis of the GROUP study, a non-inferiority RCT assessing the effects of a structured and progressive 12-week PFM training program to treat UI in older women.

Acceptability of multimodal pelvic floor physical therapy to treat dyspareunia after gynecological malignancies: a qualitative study of women's views and experiences.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Multimodal pelvic floor physical therapy (PFPT) is recommended after gynecological malignancies to treat dyspareunia. However, data to strongly support its implementation in the cancer care continuum are lacking. The aim of this study was to explore the views and experiences of gynecological cancer survivors with dyspareunia regarding the acceptability of multimodal PFPT.

Group-based pelvic floor muscle training is a more cost-effective approach to treat urinary incontinence in older women: economic analysis of a randomised trial.

Question(s): How cost-effective is group-based pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) for treating urinary incontinence in older women?

Design: Economic evaluation conducted alongside an assessor-blinded, multicentre randomised non-inferiority trial with 1-year follow-up.

Participants: A total of 362 women aged ≥ 60 years with stress or mixed urinary incontinence.

Intervention: Twelve weekly 1-hour PFMT sessions delivered individually (one physiotherapist per woman) or in groups (one physiotherapist per eight women).

Endometrial Biopsy in Low-Risk Women: Are We Over-Investigating?

The appropriate age at which to perform endometrial biopsy for abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is controversial. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of malignant and premalignant pathologies in women aged 41-49 years with AUB and without risk factors for endometrial cancer. Records of women who had undergone a biopsy at the gynaecology clinic of the Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal between 2014 and 2018 were reviewed.

Ensuring a Successful Transition From Cytology to Human Papillomavirus-Based Primary Cervical Cancer Screening in Canada by Investigating the Psychosocial Correlates of Women's Intentions: Protocol for an Observational Study.

Background: The human papillomavirus (HPV) test has emerged as a significant improvement over cytology for primary cervical cancer screening. In Canada, provinces and territories are moving toward implementing HPV testing in cervical cancer screening programs. Although an abundance of research exists on the benefits of HPV-based screening, there is a dearth of research examining women's understanding of HPV testing.

Identifying risk factors for prevalent anal human papillomavirus type 16 infection in women living with HIV.

Background: Women living with HIV (WLHIV) have a high risk of anal cancer. Identifying risk factors for anal HPV 16 infection, the most significant risk factor for anal cancer, is essential for prevention and screening strategies.

Methods: In the EVVA Cohort study, 151 WLHIV had cervical and anal HPV testing with genotyping every 6 months for 2 years, while demographic and clinical data were collected via questionnaires and chart reviews.

Racial/ethnic inequalities in cervical cancer screening in the United States: An outcome reclassification to better inform interventions and benchmarks.

In the United states (U.S.), prevailing understanding suggests significant racial/ethnic inequalities in cervical cancer screening exist.

Pain Characteristics, Fear-avoidance Variables, and Pelvic Floor Function as Predictors of Treatment Response to Physical Therapy in Women With Provoked Vestibulodynia.

Objective: The aim was to investigate whether pretreatment pain characteristics, psychological variables, and pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function predict the response to physical therapy (PT) in women with provoked vestibulodynia (PVD).

Materials And Methods: One hundred-five women diagnosed with PVD underwent 10 weekly sessions of individual PT comprising education, PFM exercises with biofeedback, manual therapy, and dilators. Treatment outcomes were evaluated at pretreatment, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up and included pain intensity (numerical rating scale 0 to 10) and sexual function (Female Sexual Function Scale).

Risk factors for placental human papillomavirus infection.

Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes but placental HPV infection has been rarely studied. The objective was to determine the proportion of HPV-positive placentas and the associated risk factors among HPV-positive women during pregnancy.

Methods: We analysed data from pregnant women enrolled in HERITAGE cohort study between 2010 and 2016 with positive vaginal HPV infection during the first trimester of pregnancy (n=354).

Clinical Performance of the BD Onclarity Extended Genotyping Assay for the Management of Women Positive for Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Cancer Screening.

Background: Among women whose cervical specimens tested positive for high-risk human papillomaviruses (hrHPV) via the Hybrid Capture 2 assay in the Canadian Cervical Cancer Screening Trial (CCCaST), we assessed hrHPV genotype concordance between BD Onclarity HPV Assay and Roche's Linear Array, overall and stratified by hrHPV viral load. We also evaluated the performance of cytology, cytology combined with hrHPV genotyping (Onclarity assay) for HPV16/18 and non-HPV16/18 types, and hrHPV genotyping triage strategies for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3 and worse (CIN2+/CIN3+).

Methods: Standard measures (expected agreement, agreement, and κ values) were used to compare Onclarity to the reference test, Linear Array.

Changes in pelvic floor morphometry and muscle function after multimodal physiotherapy for gynaecological cancer survivors suffering from dyspareunia: a prospective interventional study.

Objective: To investigate the changes in pelvic floor morphometry and muscle function after multimodal pelvic floor physiotherapy treatment in gynaecological cancer survivors suffering from painful intercourse (dyspareunia).

Design: Prospective interventional study.

Setting: Three university hospitals.

Improvements following multimodal pelvic floor physical therapy in gynecological cancer survivors suffering from pain during sexual intercourse: Results from a one-year follow-up mixed-method study.

Background: A large proportion of gynecological cancer survivors suffer from pain during sexual intercourse, also known as dyspareunia. Following a multimodal pelvic floor physical therapy (PFPT) treatment, a reduction in pain and improvement in psychosexual outcomes were found in the short term, but no study thus far has examined whether these changes are sustained over time.

Purpose: To examine the improvements in pain, sexual functioning, sexual distress, body image concerns, pain anxiety, pain catastrophizing, painful intercourse self-efficacy, depressive symptoms and pelvic floor disorder symptoms in gynecological cancer survivors with dyspareunia after PFPT, and to explore women's perceptions of treatment effects at one-year follow-up.