Presence of Merkel cell polyomavirus DNA and large-T antigen in keratinocyte carcinomas and its correlation with immunohistochemical markers p16, p53 and ki67.

Background: Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), a human polyomavirus that is unequivocally linked to merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), has been found in association with keratinocytes carcinomas (KC), especially basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Nevertheless, there is scarce information about the possible involvement of MCPyV in the development of KC.

Objectives: To assess the presence of MCPyV DNA and Large-T Antigen (LT-Ag) via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) in cases of KC, and to correlate its presence with immunohistochemical markers p16, p53, and ki67, tumor type and subtype, sun-exposed location, and epidemiological data.

Merkel cell polyomavirus and its etiological relationship with skin tumors.

Viruses have been frequently identified in several human neoplasms, but the etiological role of these viruses in some tumors is still a matter of controversy. Polyomaviruses stand out among the main viruses with oncogenic capacity, specifically the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Recent revisions in the taxonomy of polyomaviruses have divided the Polyomaviridae family into six genera, including 117 species, with a total of 14 currently known human-infecting species.

Frequency of lichen sclerosus in children presenting with phimosis: A systematic histological study.

Background: The incidence of preputial lichen sclerosus (PLS) among children presenting with phimosis varies from 10 to 95%, depending on the age, the protocol for the treatment of pediatric phimosis, the method of diagnosis (clinical versus histological), and case mix (congenital versus acquired phimosis).

Objective: PLS may not be clinically obvious. Our aim is to show that a systematic histological examination of the prepuce may diagnose PLS in clinically unsuspected cases.

A Rare Case of Lesion in the Vulva: Pigmented Apocrine Hamartoma.

Apocrine hamartoma is a rare benign neoplasm. The histology is characterized by an excess of apocrine glands located predominantly in the reticular dermis. Pigmented apocrine hamartoma represents a histopathological variation of apocrine hamartoma containing tubules and linear cysts covered by apocrine cells on the inside with melanin and on the outside with myoepithelial cells.

Syringoid Eccrine Carcinoma in the Abdominal Wall: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND Syringoid eccrine carcinoma (SEC) is an extremely rare malignant adnexal neoplasm derived from eccrine sweat glands, of unknown pathogenesis. We report a case of this rare entity presenting in the abdomen, which is the only one reported in this area and the only case of SEC in a patient with so many comorbidities. CASE REPORT A 58-year-old black male from Brazil reported a nodular lesion in the abdomen with a progressive increase in size and pain and local burning sensation.

Fibrosing Alopecia in a Pattern Distribution (FAPD) in 16 African-Descent and Hispanic Female Patients: A Challenging Diagnosis.

Background: Fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution (FAPD) has only been described in Caucasian patients, and it is not clear whether it can develop in dark-skin ethnicities.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen Brazilian female patients, 12 of African descent and 4 Hispanic, with progressive scarring alopecia in a pattern distribution were analyzed.

Results: Dermatoscopic features showed perifollicular erythema and scaling (14/16), hair fiber diameter diversity (16/16), loss of follicular ostia (16/16), and follicular keratosis (3/16).

Lichenoid folliculitis of the scalp in four patients with ichthyosiform skin disorders and cicatricial alopecia.

Ichthyosis is a heterogeneous group of inherited skin disorders characterized by a defect of keratinization. Patients diagnosed with lamellar ichthyosis (LI) and some ichthyosiform syndromes, such as the Conradi-Hünermann-Happle syndrome (CHHS), usually present with hair loss. Even though only few dermatologic complaints carry as many emotional overtones as hair loss, there are very few data available in the literature regarding scalp histopathological features in ichthyosis.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, a rare condition in renal transplant - a case report.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an uncommon and life-threating condition characterized by major immune activation and massive cytokine production by mononuclear inflammatory cells, due to defects in cytotoxic lymphocyte function. It is even more unusual in renal transplant recipients, in which it is often associated with uncontrolled infection. The mortality is high in HLH and differential diagnosis with sepsis is a challenge.

Cutaneous myeloid sarcoma associated with chronic myeloid leukemia.

Myeloid sarcoma is an extramedullary tumor of malignant myeloid cells often associated with acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloproliferative disorders and myelodysplastic syndromes. The skin is one of the most commonly affected sites. We report a rare case of cutaneous myeloid sarcoma associated with chronic myeloid leukemia.

Study of 448 cases of melanoma in situ in two hospitals in Rio de Janeiro.

The diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma in situ, considered to have excellent prognosis, has been increasingly frequent, with rare isolated reports of cutaneous melanoma in situ presenting recurrence, metastasis, and death. No specific study is found in the literature about these lesions of unexpected behavior. We describe the demographic and histopathological findings of 448 cases of cutaneous melanoma in situ in 369 patients, emphasizing the prognostic criteria of those with unfavorable outcomes, corresponding to 9 cases in which regression had no significant role.

BK polyomavirus nephropathy in two kidney transplant patients with distinct diagnostic strategies for BK virus and similar clinical outcomes: two case reports.

Background: BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy is an important cause of post-transplantation renal failure. We present two cases of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy who were submitted to contrasting strategies of clinical follow-up to BK polyomavirus reactivation, but progressed to a similar final outcome.

Case Presentation: Case 1 is a 37-year-old white man whose graft had never presented a good glomerular filtration rate function, with episodes of tacrolimus nephrotoxicity, and no urinary monitoring for BK polyomavirus; stage B BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy was diagnosed by biopsy at 14 months post-transplant.

Single cutaneous metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma - Case report.

Skin metastases are relatively rare and occur most often when the cancer is already advanced, invading other organs. As to location, they often seem to elect areas located close to the primary tumor, although distant sites, such as the scalp, may be affected with some frequency. We present a case of a 76-year-old woman with colon adenocarcinoma that had a single metastatic lesion on the scalp.

Eczema-Like Psoriasiform Skin Reaction due to Brazilian Keratin Treatment.

The use of formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers in hair-straightening formulations started in Rio de Janeiro in 2003. The technique is known as BKT, Brazilian keratin treatment. The aim of this study was to analyze the types of skin reactions presented by patients due to BKT.

Spitz nevi in the classic histopathological pattern--lamb in wolf`s clothing.

Spitz nevus is a benign melanocytic lesion and also one of the main differential diagnosis of melanoma. A descriptive and retrospective study of surgical specimens from patients with a diagnosis of Spitz nevus was conducted at two institutions in Niterói - RJ. 32 cases were analyzed.

Nodular fasciitis on the zygomatic region: a rare presentation.

Nodular fasciitis is a benign tumor, resulting from reactive proliferation composed of fibroblastic/myofibroblastic cells. Due to its rapid growth and high cellularity it may be mistaken for sarcoma. Despite the possibility of spontaneous regression, excision is the treatment of choice.

Two cases of male breast cancer at a university hospital in southeast Brazil.

We report two rare cases of breast cancer in men treated with modified radical mastectomy. The patients were aged 67 and 45 years at the time of diagnosis. Tumor sizes were 2 cm and 8 cm in the older and younger patient, respectively.

Transepidermal retinoic acid delivery using ablative fractional radiofrequency associated with acoustic pressure ultrasound for stretch marks treatment.

Background: Striae distensae (SD) treatment still remains a therapeutic challenge to dermatologists. Ablative fractional laser and radiofrequency (RF) enhance skin-drug permeability for SD treatment.

Objective: To clinically evaluate the efficacy and safety as well as patient's satisfaction in relation to a method using ablative fractional RF associated with retinoic acid 0.

[Mycosis fungoides in children and adolescents: a report of six cases with predominantly hypopigmentation, along with a literature review].

Unlabelled: Mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common form of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL), is mainly manifested in the elderly. However, it has been described in children and teenagers.

Objectives: To report six patients with mycosis fungoides diagnosed in patients under 20 years of age.