Use of neutropenic diet in the nutritional care of pediatric cancer patients with neutropenia: a scoping review.

Objective: to carry out a scoping review with the purpose of mapping the scientific evidence on the use of the neutropenic diet in neutropenic pediatric cancer patients.

Source Of Data: The scoping review protocol was prepared in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR and the checklist before the literature search was performed. Articles on nutritional management in adults or on the treatment of other diseases, and articles that were not in Portuguese or English and published before the year 2000, were excluded.

The action of phytochemicals present in cocoa in the prevention of vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis.

Background: Chronic non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), have caused many deaths worldwide. Atherosclerotic plaque formation is common in individuals with CVDs. Thus, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nutritional strategies can be used to prevent or inhibit this process.

Alteration of inflammatory adipokines after four months of smoking abstinence in multidisciplinary intervention program.

Background: many endocrine-metabolic changes are involved in smoking.

Objectives: to evaluate serum concentrations of inflammatory adipokines in smokers at baseline and after four months of treatment for smoking cessation.

Methods: the serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines were evaluated in smokers and abstinent.

Influence of the leptin and cortisol levels on craving and smoking cessation.

Leptin inhibits cortisol release and may increase the craving for cigarettes, hindering the process of smoking cessation. We evaluate the influence of the initial concentration of cortisol and serum leptin on craving and smoking status in individuals after one month of treatment for smoking cessation. The leptin concentration was adjusted by the Initial Body Mass Index (BMI) (leptin/BMI) and the initial percentage of body fat (%BF) (leptin/%BF).

Leptin influence in craving and relapse of alcoholics and smokers.

Leptin inhibits signaling of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, suggesting its role in regulating stress and its possible involvement in the neurobiology of reward system. The aim of this study was to review of the literature on the influence of leptin in the craving for alcohol and tobacco and whether there is already evidence that leptin may be a biomarker to indicate risk for craving and relapse. The review used as data bases Medline, LILACS and SciElo in the period between 2000 and 2012.