Inflammation in the pleural cavity following injection of multi-walled carbon nanotubes is dependent on their characteristics and the presence of IL-1 genes.

Upon inhalation, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) may reach the subpleura and pleural spaces, and induce pleural inflammation and/or mesothelioma in humans. However, the mechanisms of MWCNT-induced pathology after direct intrapleural injections are still only partly elucidated. In particular, a role of the proinflammatory interleukin-1 (IL-1) cytokines in pleural inflammation has so far not been published.

Characterization of the proteome and lipidome profiles of human lung cells after low dose and chronic exposure to multiwalled carbon nanotubes.

The effects of long-term chronic exposure of human lung cells to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and their impact upon cellular proteins and lipids were investigated. Since the lung is the major target organ, an in vitro normal bronchial epithelial cell line model was used. Additionally, to better mimic exposure to manufactured nanomaterials at occupational settings, cells were continuously exposed to two non-toxic and low doses of a MWCNT for 13-weeks.

Effects on human bronchial epithelial cells following low-dose chronic exposure to nanomaterials: A 6-month transformation study.

The most plausible exposure route to manufactured nanomaterials (MNM) remains pulmonary inhalation. Yet, few studies have attempted to assess carcinogenic properties in vitro following long-term exposure of human pulmonary cells to low and occupationally relevant doses. The most advanced in vitro tests for carcinogenicity, the cell transformation assay (CTA), rely mostly on rodent cells and short-term exposure.

Involvement of IL-1 genes in the cellular responses to carbon nanotube exposure.

The interleukin-1 (IL-1) family has been implicated in cellular responses to nanoparticles including carbon nanotubes (CNTs). IL-1α and β are key proinflammatory cytokines important in inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. The aim of this study was to characterize the role of IL-1 in cellular responses of CNTs in cells from IL-1α/β wild type (IL1-WT) mice and cells with reduced inflammatory potential from IL-1α/β deficient (IL1-KO) mice.

Airway inflammation and ammonia exposure among female Palestinian hairdressers: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Little is known about the working conditions and airway inflammation in hairdressers in Palestine. We aimed to investigate if hairdressers in Palestine have a higher level of airway inflammation as compared to a control group. We also assessed the hairdressers' physical working conditions and exposure to ammonia gases at the hair salons.