Male versus female inflammatory response after brain death model followed by ex vivo lung perfusion.

Background: Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is a useful tool for assessing lung grafts quality before transplantation. Studies indicate that donor sex is as an important factor for transplant outcome, as females present higher inflammatory response to brain death (BD) than males. Here, we investigated sex differences in the lungs of rats subjected to BD followed by EVLP.

Women Physicians: Burnout during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil.

Background: COVID-19 has placed a tremendous burden on physicians worldwide, especially women physicians, affected by increased workload and loss of quality of life.

Objective: To assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life, burnout and spirituality of Brazilian women physicians directly or indirectly providing care to COVID-19 patients.

Methods: Prospective, observational study performed from July 28 to September 27, 2020, in Brazil, with women physicians from 47 specialities, the most frequent being cardiology (22.

Fluoride toothpaste, sanitary surveillance and the SUS: the case of Manaus-AM, Brazil.

Objective: To determine the anticaries potential of toothpastes distributed by the primary health care public clinics (UBS) of Manaus, AM.

Methods: Ninety-nine tubes of toothpaste from four commercial brands were collected from October 7, 2019 to October 11, 2019 in 16 UBS. They were assigned a code by brand and source UBS.

Evolution of nutrition actions in primary health care along the 20-year history of the Brazilian National Food and Nutrition Policy.

This study aimed to systematize food and nutrition actions developed in primary health care (PHC) from 1999 to 2019, identifying advances in this period and current perspectives. This is a qualitative study that analyzed documents published between 1999 and 2020, available in scientific databases and in the gray literature. In addition, a quantitative analysis was conducted using information systems from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, such as the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System and the Health Information System for Primary Care, and microdata from the Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Health Care (PMAQ-AB).

Cyclical experience-based design: A proposal for engaging stakeholders in a co-creative model for primary health care service design.

Healthcare services face difficulties in using structured methods for service design and having patient participation in such processes. There are few models on healthcare service design and even less focused on Primary Health Care (PHC) in the literature. Therefore, this paper contributes to this domain by presenting the proposal of a co-creative model to design PHC services.

Validation of the VERT wearable jump monitor device in elite youth volleyball players.

This technical report aims to determine the validity and the accuracy of the VERT Wearable Jump Monitor. The participants of this study were all experienced volleyball players from the U18 category from the Brazilian National team. To assess jump performance, the VERT scores were compared to the VERTEC (jump and reach device).

Modulation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway by glutamine in peritoneal macrophages of a murine model of protein malnutrition.

Background And Aims: Protein malnutrition affects resistance to infection by impairing the inflammatory response, modifying the function of effector cells, such as macrophages. Recent studies have revealed that glutamine-a non-essential amino acid, which could become conditionally essential in some situations like trauma, infection, post-surgery and sepsis-is able to modulate the synthesis of cytokines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of glutamine on the expression of proteins involved in the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway of peritoneal macrophages from malnourished mice.

Arcopallium, NMDA antagonists and ingestive behaviors in pigeons.

This study investigated the effects of local injections of 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3(1H,4H)-dione (DNQX, AMPA-kainate receptor antagonist, 0.8 and 2.7 nmol) and MK-801 (NMDA receptor antagonist, 1.

Tonic serotonergic control of ingestive behaviours in the pigeon (Columba livia): the role of the arcopallium.

This study examined the acute changes in feeding and drinking behaviours of free-feeding and free-drinking pigeons, in response to local injections of metergoline (MET, 5-HT(1/2) receptor antagonist; 7 and 20 nmol), GR46611 (GR, 5-HT(1B/1D) agonist; 2 and 6 nmol) or vehicle, into two components of the arcopallium: the nucleus taeniae of the amygdala (TnA) and the arcopallium intermedium (AI). In the TnA, the highest MET dose elicited a short-lived hyperphagy, without affecting drinking or non-ingestive behaviours during the first hour after injection. In contrast, all MET doses promptly increased drinking when injected in the AI, without affecting feeding; this effect was still evident 3 and 24 h after the treatment.

Ingestive effects of NMDA and AMPA-kainate receptor antagonists microinjections into the lateral hypothalamus of the pigeon (Columba livia).

This study examined the ingestive and behavioral effects of NMDA- and AMPA/kainate glutamatergic receptor blockade in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHy) of free-feeding pigeons (Columba livia). Injections of MK-801 (NMDA receptor antagonist; 6 nmol) or CNQX (AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist; 25.8 nmol) into the LHy of free-feeding pigeons induced significant increases in food intake and in feeding duration, as well as reductions in the latency to start feeding.