Cholinergic Crisis with Normal Serum Cholinesterase Levels due to Excessive Galantamine Ingestion: A Case Report.

Galantamine is a cholinesterase inhibitor employed in Alzheimer's disease management. Cholinesterase inhibitors are associated with potential cholinergic side effects that, when severe, can result in cholinergic crises. Although crises induced by other cholinesterase inhibitors, such as distigmine and rivastigmine, have been reported, cases of galantamine-induced cholinergic crises remain undocumented.

Spontaneous hyperinflation of a giant bulla of the non-ventilated lung during laparoscopic cholecystectomy under one-lung ventilation: a case report.

Background: Anesthetic management of non-thoracic surgery in patients with giant bullae is challenging. We present a case of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a patient with a giant bulla managed with one-lung ventilation (OLV).

Case Presentation: A 75-year-old man with a giant bulla occupying the lower half of the right hemithorax underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Deletion of mu-opioid receptor in mice does not affect the minimum alveolar concentration of volatile anaesthetics and nitrous oxide-induced analgesia.

Background: The role of the endogenous opioid system in the anaesthetic effect of volatile anaesthetics and the analgesic action of nitrous oxide (N2O) is unclear. In the current study, we investigated whether the mu-opioid receptor (MOP) is involved in these activities using MOP knockout (MOP-KO) and wild-type (WT) mice.

Methods: Minimum alveolar concentrations (MACs) for sevoflurane, isoflurane, and halothane, and the sevoflurane MAC-sparing effect of N2O were determined in homozygous MOP-KO and WT mice.

The role of CRF1 receptors for sympathetic nervous response to laparotomy in anesthetized rats.

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is released in response to various types of stressors and mediates endocrine, autonomic, immune, and behavioral responses to stress through interaction with CRF1 and CRF2 receptors. To investigate the role of CRF1 receptors in physiological responses to surgical stress, we analyzed the effects of two different non-peptide selective CRF1 receptor antagonists (JTC-017 and CP-154,526) and a peptide non-selective CRF receptor antagonist (astressin) on laparotomy-induced sympathetic nervous responses in isoflurane-anesthetized rats. JTC-017, CP-154,526, and astressin similarly suppressed plasma ACTH elevation induced by laparotomy.

Conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm during landiolol infusion.

A 71-year-old woman with a history of persistent atrial fibrillation underwent clipping of a ruptured cerebral artery aneurysm. During the surgery her cardiac rhythm was atrial fibrillation and the ventricular rate increased to 130 beats.min(-1).

[Epidural anesthesia for ileocecectomy in a patient with severe aortic stenosis].

Severe aortic stenosis is a significant risk factor for perioperative cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. We experienced a case of a 74-year-old female with symptomatic aortic stenosis who underwent ileocecectomy for ileocecum cancer. She frequently complained of chest pain and fell into syncope when she walked a short distance.

Effects of methylxanthines on superprecipitation of myosin B extracted from rabbit fast skeletal muscle.

Myosin B was extracted from rabbit fast skeletal muscle. Caffeine (2-70 mM), theophylline (2-30 mM), and theobromine (2 mM) were examined for their effects on the rate and extent of myosin B superprecipitation at a low ionic strength (50 mM KCl) and a low concentration of ATP (40 microM) by the turbidimetric method. The rate of the superprecipitation was significantly (p less than 0.

Modification of calcium fluxes by dimethyl sulfoxide and 2-butoxyethanol in sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles: a possible mechanism for skeletal muscle relaxation induced by dimethyl sulfoxide.

In order to investigate the mechanism of skeletal muscle relaxation induced by dimethyl sulfoxide, 2-butoxyethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide were examined for their effects on 1) Ca2+ uptake into and efflux from sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles prepared from rabbit fast skeletal muscle and crayfish tail muscle by the murexide method, 2) ATPase activities of rabbit reticulum vesicles, 3) the isolated phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation of the rat and 4) crayfish opener muscle preparation. Ca2+ efflux rate from rabbit reticulum vesicles was markedly decreased with increasing concentrations (5-20% v/v) of dimethyl sulfoxide without affecting the maximum Ca2+ uptake by the reticulum. 2-Butoxyethanol showed quite contrary effects.

[Automatic adder mixer for photometric cells: application to superprecipitation of myosin B. (author's transl)].

An automatic adder mixer for photometric cells was newly developed in our laboratory and was applied in experiments of superprecipitation of myosin B. The mixer has a reciprocating blade-type impeller with a pit for loading samples. The pit was cut so as to be just above the meniscus of the solution in a cell at the top dead point of the cam mechanism and so as to enter the solution at the bottom dead point.

[Digestant effects of a new digestive enzyme capsule, Excelase, on jejunectomized and pancreato-jejunectomized Beagle dogs (author's transl)].

The digestant effects of a new digestive capsule, excelase containing sanactase, proctase, meicelase, olipase-2S and pancreatic digestive enzyme TA, were investigated in vivo. Jejunectomy and pancreato-jejunectomy were performed to cause an artificial disturbance of gastro-intestinal digestion and absorption in Beagle dogs. Absorption of protein and fat was measured using chromic oxide as an indicator.