Comparative onset of immunity of oral and intranasal vaccines against challenge with .

Three groups of approximately eight-week-old beagles were vaccinated once with 1 ml of placebo vaccine (oral, n=9), 1 ml of Recombitek® Oral Bordetella (oral, n=10) or 1 ml Nobivac® Intra-Trac (intranasal, 0.5 ml/nostril, n=10). Seven days after vaccination, the three groups were challenged with virulent via aerosolisation.