Constructing comparable intimate partner violence indicators across the DHS, MICS, and PMA health surveys.

We construct comparable indicators that measure the prevalence of recent intimate partner violence (IPV) using publicly available, integrated microdata within the IPUMS data collections across many countries. The objective of this work is to increase opportunities for comparative research by leveraging vast quantities of harmonized data. We use consistent and comparable variables that measure domestic violence in international health surveys.

The Effect of Economic Reliance, Stress, and Women's Employment Status on Intimate Partner Violence Risk Among Partnered Women in Burkina Faso and Kenya.

Economic factors, such as economic reliance on male partners, and economic stressors such as household income or employment loss, play an important role in the risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) within romantic partnerships. To investigate these relationships, we used survey data from IPUMS Performance Monitoring for Action that were collected in 2020 and 2021. We assessed the relationship between several economic factors-(1) women's economic reliance on their partners, (2) household income loss, and (3) respondent's employment status over the past year-and experience of IPV in the past year in Burkina Faso ( = 2,646) and Kenya ( = 3,416).

Wearable alcohol monitors for alcohol use data collection among college students: Feasibility and acceptability.

Objective: We assessed the feasibility and acceptability of using BACtrack Skyn wearable alcohol monitors for alcohol research in a college student population.

Methods: We enrolled n = 5 (Sample 1) and n = 84 (Sample 2) Indiana University undergraduate students to wear BACtrack Skyn devices continuously over a 5-day to 7-day study period. We assessed feasibility in both samples by calculating compliance with study procedures, and by analyzing amount and distributions of device output [e.

Does receiving a SARS-CoV-2 antibody test result change COVID-19 protective behaviors? Testing risk compensation in undergraduate students with a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Risk compensation, or matching behavior to a perceived level of acceptable risk, can blunt the effectiveness of public health interventions. One area of possible risk compensation during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is antibody testing. While antibody tests are imperfect measures of immunity, results may influence risk perception and individual preventive actions.

The association between social factors and COVID-19 protective behaviors and depression and stress among midwestern US college students.

Purpose: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between social factors and COVID-19 protective behaviors and two outcomes: depressive and perceived stress symptoms.

Methods: In September 2020, 1,064 randomly selected undergraduate students from a large midwestern university completed an online survey and provided information on demographics, social activities, COVID-19 protective behaviors (i.e.

The Impact of Household Context on Self-Perceived Changes in Solo and Partnered Sexual Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a U.S. Probability Survey.

To understand how household context factors impacted self-reported changes in solo and sexual behaviors in U.S. adults during early stages of the COVID- 19 pandemic, we conducted an online, nationally representative, cross-sectional survey of U.

Does cigarette or E-cigarette use increase the risk for SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion among Midwestern college students?

Objective: This longitudinal study tested the relationship between cigarette and e-cigarette use and SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion among US college students.

Participants: Undergraduate students (n = 764), drawn from a randomly selected invitation-only pool from a large Midwestern university, that were initially negative for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and were re-tested in November were included in this study conducted in Fall 2020.

Methods: Demographics and cigarette and e-cigarette use behaviors (nicotine use) were collected in a baseline survey.

Use of research electronic data capture (REDCap) in a COVID-19 randomized controlled trial: a practical example.

Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCT) are considered the ideal design for evaluating the efficacy of interventions. However, conducting a successful RCT has technological and logistical challenges. Defects in randomization processes (e.

The Relationship Between Household Microfinance Group Participation and Vaccine Adherence Among Children in Rural Western Kenya.

Introduction: High childhood vaccine adherence is critical for disease prevention, and poverty is a key barrier to vaccine uptake. Interventions like microfinance programs that aim to lift individuals out of poverty could thus improve vaccine adherence of the children in the household. BIGPIC Family Program in rural Western Kenya provides group-based microfinance services while working to improve access to healthcare and health screenings for the local community.

Prevalence and characteristics of choking/strangulation during sex: Findings from a probability survey of undergraduate students.

Objective: In a random sample of undergraduate students, we aimed to: (1) establish the prevalence of choking and being choked; (2) examine demographic and situational predictors of being choked, and (3) examine demographic and situational predictors of choking someone.

Unlabelled: : 4168 randomly sampled undergraduates at a large public U.S.

Associations between hurricane exposure, food insecurity, and microfinance; a cross-sectional study in Haiti.

Natural disaster and food insecurity are prevalent in Haiti. Natural disasters may cause long-term food insecurity. Microfinance programs may provide resilience against this outcome.

A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Demographic and Behavioral Risk Factors of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Seropositivity Among a Sample of U.S. College Students.

Purpose: Colleges and universities across the United States are developing and implementing data-driven prevention and containment measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Identifying risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity could help to direct these efforts. This study aimed to estimate the associations between demographic factors and social behaviors and SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and self-reported positive SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic test.

Depression and loneliness during April 2020 COVID-19 restrictions in the United States, and their associations with frequency of social and sexual connections.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of depression and loneliness during the US COVID-19 response, and examine their associations with frequency of social and sexual connections.

Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of American adults (n = 1010), aged 18-94, running from April 10-20, 2020. We assessed depressive symptoms (CES-D-10 scale), loneliness (UCLA 3-Item Loneliness scale), and frequency of in-person and remote social connections (4 items, e.

Validation of transdermal alcohol concentration data collected using wearable alcohol monitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of transdermal alcohol content (TAC) data (i.e. index test) collected with wearable alcohol monitors for assessment of alcohol use or any other alcohol related outcome (e.

The relationship between a microfinance-based healthcare delivery platform, health insurance coverage, health screenings, and disease management in rural Western Kenya.

Background: Structural barriers often prevent rural Kenyans from receiving healthcare and diagnostic testing. The Bridging Income Generation through grouP Integrated Care (BIGPIC) Family intervention facilitates microfinance groups, provides health screenings and treatment, and delivers education about health insurance coverage to address some of these barriers. This study evaluated the association between participation in BIGPIC microfinance groups and health screening/disease management outcomes.

Romantic Relationship Conflict Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic and Changes in Intimate and Sexual Behaviors in a Nationally Representative Sample of American Adults.

In early 2020, the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) spread across the United States and mitigation measures drastically affected the daily lives of Americans. In this study, we assessed the association between COVID-related relationship conflict and changes in intimate and sexual behaviors and experiences. Using data from an online nationally representative probability survey of 1,010 American adults in April 2020, we estimated the impact of coronavirus-related relationship conflict on changes in intimate and sexual behaviors among those in any type of romantic or sexual relationship (N=742).

Hurricane impact associated with transactional sex and moderated, but not mediated, by economic factors in Okay, Haiti.

Natural disasters, such as hurricanes, often negatively affect the economic wellbeing of affected individuals. Under such conditions, women may engage in transactional sexual behaviors in order to compensate for lost income and provide for their households. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between hurricane impact and transactional sex and if this relationship was moderated, or mediated, through economic factors.

Age Moderates the Association Between Microfinance Membership and Physical Abuse, Relationship Power, and Transactional Sex in Haitian Women.

Microfinance interventions may have differential effects on relationship dynamics among subpopulations of women. We estimated the association between microfinance participation duration and physical abuse, relationship power, and transactional sex in a sample of Haitian women ( = 304). Furthermore, we tested for moderation by age.

Predictors of Tick Exposure Risk-Reduction Behavior in Indiana.

To identify significant predictors of the adoption of more than one tick-exposure and tick-borne disease risk reduction behavior among a cross-section of Indiana residents. Study participants were recruited through quota sampling, before completing an online self-administered questionnaire in Qualtrics. The most adopted tick exposure risk reduction behavior (TERRB) (was 'Walking on established trails and avoiding contact with adjacent vegetation' (83%, n = 2418).

Associations of leptin and adiponectin with incident type 2 diabetes and interactions among African Americans: the Jackson heart study.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that leptin is critical for glycemic control. Impaired leptin signaling may also contribute to low adiponectin expression in obese individuals. We assessed the association of leptin and adiponectin with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), their interactions with sex and obesity status, and mediation by insulin resistance.

High Prevalence of Sexual Assault Victimization Experiences Among University Fraternity Men.

Limited research has examined sexual victimization among U.S. college men, and particularly fraternity men.

Associations Between Personal Protective Measures and Self-Reported Tick-Borne Disease Diagnosis in Indiana Residents.

Several personal protective measures (PPMs) are recommended to prevent tick-borne diseases (TBD). We aimed to quantify the strength of seven PPMs and self-reported TBD diagnosis associations and to understand what variables modify these associations. In June-July 2018, with a cross-sectional study design, we surveyed a sample of adult Indiana state residents.

Prevalence of Risk and Protective Factors for Tick Exposure and Tick-Borne Disease Among Residents of Indiana.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of risk and protective factors for tick exposure and tick-borne disease (TBD) based on gender and living in urban or rural areas (urbanicity) among a cross section of Indiana adults.

Methods: Data were collected from 3003 adults (81% response rate) spread across all 92 Indiana counties. Study participants were recruited from existing online panels maintained by Qualtrics.

"Fulfilling His Needs, Not Mine": Reasons for Not Talking About Painful Sex and Associations with Lack of Pleasure in a Nationally Representative Sample of Women in the United States.

Introduction: Although much research has examined correlates of pain during sex, far less research has examined why women have sex despite having pain and why they avoid telling their partner.

Aim: The purpose of our study was to examine women's reports of painful sex, including location of pain, whether they told their partner, factors associated with not disclosing their pain, and their reasons for not disclosing.

Methods: We used data from the 2018 National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior, a probability-based online survey of 2,007 individuals ages 14 to 49 years.