Barriers to engagement in the care cascade for tuberculosis disease in India: A systematic review of quantitative studies.

Background: India accounts for about one-quarter of people contracting tuberculosis (TB) disease annually and nearly one-third of TB deaths globally. Many Indians do not navigate all care cascade stages to receive TB treatment and achieve recurrence-free survival. Guided by a population/exposure/comparison/outcomes (PECO) framework, we report findings of a systematic review to identify factors contributing to unfavorable outcomes across each care cascade gap for TB disease in India.

Divided infrastructure: legal exclusion and water inequality in an urban slum in Mumbai, India.

Inadequate water access is central to the experience of urban inequality across low- and middle-income countries and leads to adverse health and social outcomes. Previous literature on water inequality in Mumbai, India's second largest city, offers diverse explanations for water disparities between and within slums. This study provides new insights on water disparities in Mumbai's slums by evaluating the influence of legal status on water access.

Measuring Tuberculosis Medication Adherence: A Comparison of Multiple Approaches in Relation to Urine Isoniazid Metabolite Testing Within a Cohort Study in India.

Background: Nonadherence to tuberculosis medications is associated with poor outcomes. However, measuring adherence in practice is challenging. In this study, we evaluated the accuracy of multiple tuberculosis adherence measures.

Understanding Nonadherence to Tuberculosis Medications in India Using Urine Drug Metabolite Testing: A Cohort Study.

Background: Poor adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment is associated with disease recurrence and death. Little research has been conducted in India to understand TB medication nonadherence.

Methods: We enrolled adult drug-susceptible TB patients, approximately half of whom were people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH), in Chennai, Vellore, and Mumbai.

Shelf-Life of Chlorine Solutions Recommended in Ebola Virus Disease Response.

In Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreaks, it is widely recommended to wash living things (handwashing) with 0.05% (500 mg/L) chlorine solution and non-living things (surfaces, personal protective equipment, dead bodies) with 0.5% (5,000 mg/L) chlorine solution.