Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome and Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome after Rapid Blood Transfusion.

We herein report a case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) that occurred immediately after blood transfusion. A 64-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed with liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis B 2 years ago. She was admitted to our hospital with hemorrhagic shock due to esophageal variceal rupture.

Whole-Day Gait Monitoring in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease: A Relationship between Attention and Gait Cycle.

Gait impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its relationship with cognitive function has been described, but reports of gait analysis in AD in daily living are limited. To investigate whether gait pattern of patients with AD in daily living is associated with cognitive function. Gait was recorded in 24 patients with AD and 9 healthy controls (HC) for 24 hours by using a portable gait rhythmogram.

Ambulatory Gait Behavior in Patients With Dementia: A Comparison With Parkinson's Disease.

Accelerometry-based gait analysis is a promising approach in obtaining insightful information on the gait characteristics of patients with neurological disorders such as dementia and Parkinson's disease (PD). In order to improve its practical use outside the laboratory or hospital, it is required to design new metrics capable of quantifying ambulatory gait and their extraction procedures from long-term acceleration data. This paper presents a gait analysis method developed for such a purpose.

Clinical features of genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with V180I mutation in the prion protein gene.

Objectives: Genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) due to V180I mutation in the prion protein gene (PRNP) is of great interest because of the differences from sporadic CJD and other genetic prion diseases in terms of clinical features, as well as pathological and biochemical findings. However, few systematic observations about the clinical features in patients with this unique mutation have been published. Therefore, the goal of this study was to relate this mutation to other forms of CJD from a clinical perspective.

Relationships between clinicopathological features and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in Japanese patients with genetic prion diseases.

A national system for surveillance of prion diseases (PrDs) was established in Japan in April 1999. Here, we analyzed the relationships among prion protein gene (PRNP) mutations and the clinical features, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers, and pathological characteristics of the major genotypes of genetic PrDs (gPrDs). We retrospectively analyzed age at onset and disease duration; the concentrations and incidences of 14-3-3 protein, tau protein, and abnormal prion protein (PrP(Sc)) in the CSF of 309 gPrD patients with P102L, P105L, E200K, V180I, or M232R mutations; and brain pathology in 32 autopsied patients.