Hemorrhage and Recurrence of Obliterated Brain Arteriovenous Malformations Treated With Stereotactic Radiosurgery.

Background: Although complete nidal obliteration of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM) is generally presumed to represent durable cure, postobliteration hemorrhage, and AVM recurrence have become increasingly recognized phenomena. The goal of the study was to define hemorrhage and nidal recurrence risks of obliterated AVMs treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study from the International Radiosurgery Research Foundation comprising AVM patients treated between 1987 and 2020.

An open-source dual-beam spectrophotometer for citizen-science-based water quality monitoring.

Efforts to understand and mediate threats to water supplies rely on collection of reliable data at large scale, a goal which is often limited by availability of tools that are both affordable and reliable. We present here a low-cost, easy-to-use, do-it-yourself (DIY) spectrometer for measurement of a variety of relevant solute concentrations when coupled with inexpensive commercially-available reagents. Comparison of its performance with commercial options demonstrates the potential value of this device as transparent, versatile, and accurate-enough alternative for widespread application.

Reversible lysine-targeted probes reveal residence time-based kinase selectivity.

The expansion of the target landscape of covalent inhibitors requires the engagement of nucleophiles beyond cysteine. Although the conserved catalytic lysine in protein kinases is an attractive candidate for a covalent approach, selectivity remains an obvious challenge. Moreover, few covalent inhibitors have been shown to engage the kinase catalytic lysine in animals.

Enantiomer Differentiation of Amino Acid Stereoisomers by Structural Mass Spectrometry Using Noncovalent Trinuclear Copper Complexes.

Previous work has demonstrated that copper complexation strategies can be used with tandem MS (MS/MS) and, more recently, ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) to differentiate chiral isomers based upon enantiomeric-specific binding. In this study, we investigate the separation of chiral amino acids (AAs) forming trinuclear complexes that can be directly resolved by IM-MS analyses. Twenty standard AAs of both d- and l-chirality were investigated.

Improving confidence in lipidomic annotations by incorporating empirical ion mobility regression analysis and chemical class prediction.

Motivation: Mass spectrometry-based untargeted lipidomics aims to globally characterize the lipids and lipid-like molecules in biological systems. Ion mobility increases coverage and confidence by offering an additional dimension of separation and a highly reproducible metric for feature annotation, the collision cross-section (CCS).

Results: We present a data processing workflow to increase confidence in molecular class annotations based on CCS values.

Multicentric Evaluation of SeeGene Allplex Real-Time PCR Assays Targeting 28 Bacterial, Microsporidal and Parasitic Nucleic Acid Sequences in Human Stool Samples.

Prior to the implementation of new diagnostic techniques, a thorough evaluation is mandatory in order to ensure diagnostic reliability. If positive samples are scarcely available, however, such evaluations can be difficult to perform. Here, we evaluated four SeeGene Allplex real-time PCR assays amplifying a total of 28 bacteria, microsporidal and parasitic nucleic acid sequence targets in human stool samples in a multicentric approach.

Medical treatment decision-making in rural cancer patients: A qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis.

Objective: Rural cancer patients have unique care needs which may impact upon treatment decision-making. Our aim was to conduct a qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis to understand their perspectives and experiences of making treatment decisions.

Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and RURAL was conducted for qualitative studies in rural cancer patients regarding treatment decision-making.

Factors influencing hesitancy towards adult and child COVID-19 vaccines in rural and urban West Africa: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aims: (1) to identify and describe similarities and differences in both adult and child COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, and (2) to examine sociodemographic, perception-related and behavioural factors influencing vaccine hesitancy across five West African countries.

Design: Cross-sectional survey carried out between 5 May and 5 June 2021.

Participants And Setting: 4198 individuals from urban and rural settings in Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali, Senegal and Sierra Leone participated in the survey.

Association between Endocrine Disorders and Severe COVID-19 Disease in Pediatric Patients.

Introduction: Though severe illness due to COVID-19 is uncommon in children, there is an urgent need to better determine the risk factors for disease severity in youth. This study aims to determine the impact a preexisting endocrine diagnosis has on severity of COVID-19 presentation in youth.

Methods: The cross-sectional chart review study included all patients less than 25 years old with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR at St.

γδ Thymocyte Maturation and Emigration in Adult Mice.

Several unique waves of γδ T cells are generated solely in the fetal/neonatal thymus, whereas additional γδ T cell subsets are generated in adults. One intriguing feature of γδ T cell development is the coordination of differentiation and acquisition of effector function within the fetal thymus; however, it is less clear whether this paradigm holds true in adult animals. In this study, we investigated the relationship between maturation and thymic export of adult-derived γδ thymocytes in mice.

Growing and Glowing: A Digital Media Campaign to Increase Access to Pregnancy-Related Health Information for Black Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Low birthweight is a health issue disproportionately experienced by Black women. In Hillsborough County, Florida, Black women experience higher rates of low birthweight compared to the rest of Florida. This study examines the feasibility of a second attempt to use a digital low birthweight campaign to increase knowledge about low birthweight and pregnancy among Black women in Hillsborough.

Radiological and clinical outcomes of stereotactic radiosurgery for gangliogliomas: an international multicenter study.

Objective: The optimal treatment for recurrent and residual gangliogliomas remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in the management of patients with recurrent or residual intracranial ganglioglioma.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study involved patients managed with SRS for ganglioglioma.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery Compared With Active Surveillance for Asymptomatic, Parafalcine, and Parasagittal Meningiomas: A Matched Cohort Analysis From the IMPASSE Study.

Background: The optimal management of asymptomatic, presumed WHO grade I meningiomas remains controversial.

Objective: To define the safety and efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) compared with active surveillance for the management of patients with asymptomatic parafalcine/parasagittal (PFPS) meningiomas.

Methods: Data from SRS-treated patients from 14 centers and patients managed conservatively for an asymptomatic, PFPS meningioma were compared.

How artificial intelligence improves radiological interpretation in suspected pulmonary embolism.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic performances of a commercialized artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) on CT pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) with those of emergency radiologists in routine clinical practice.

Methods: This was an IRB-approved retrospective multicentric study including patients with suspected PE from September to December 2019 (i.e.

Gadd45g is required for timely Sry expression independently of RSPO1 activity.

Sex determination in mammals is controlled by the dominance of either pro-testis (SRY-SOX9-FGF9) or pro-ovary (RSPO1-WNT4-FOXL2) genetic pathways during early gonad development in XY and XX embryos, respectively. We have previously shown that early, robust expression of mouse Sry is dependent on the nuclear protein GADD45g. In the absence of GADD45g, XY gonadal sex reversal occurs, associated with a major reduction of Sry levels at 11.

Developing a meta-understanding of 'human aspects' of providing palliative care.

Objectives: Our intention was to develop a meta-understanding of the 'human aspects' of providing palliative care. Integral to developing this meta-understanding was recognising the individuality of people, their varied involvements, situations, understandings, and responses, and the difficulty in stepping back to get a whole view of this while being in the midst of providing palliative care. We intended for this meta-understanding to inform reflections and sense-making conversations related to people's changing situations and diverse needs.

Comparison of Active Surveillance to Stereotactic Radiosurgery for the Management of Patients with an Incidental Frontobasal Meningioma-A Sub-Analysis of the IMPASSE Study.

Meningioma is a common incidental finding, and clinical course varies based on anatomical location. The aim of this sub-analysis of the IMPASSE study was to compare the outcomes of patients with an incidental frontobasal meningioma who underwent active surveillance to those who underwent upfront stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Data were retrospectively collected from 14 centres.

Effects of using different algorithms and fiducial points for the detection of interbeat intervals, and different sampling rates on the assessment of pulse rate variability from photoplethysmography.

Objective: Pulse Rate Variability (PRV) has been widely used as a surrogate of Heart Rate Variability (HRV). However, there are several technical aspects that may affect the extraction of PRV information from pulse wave signals such as the photoplethysmogram (PPG). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of changing the algorithm and fiducial points used for determining inter-beat intervals (IBIs), as well as the PPG sampling rate, from simulated PPG signals with known PRV content.

Exploring barriers, motivators and solutions to achieve a healthy lifestyle among undergraduate student nurses.

Background: Many preregistration student nurses tend to be overweight or obese and have unhealthy lifestyles.

Aims: This study aimed to quantify the prevalence of these issues, to identify barriers to adopting a healthy lifestyle as well as potential solutions, and to explore the use of smartphone health apps.

Methods: An online questionnaire examined diet and physical activity habits, general health and attitudes to eHealth.

A Longitudinal Study of Mitral Regurgitation Detected after Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Mitral regurgitation (MR) is common following myocardial infarction (MI). However, the subsequent trajectory of MR, and its impact on long-term outcomes are not well understood. This study aimed to examine the change in MR severity and associated clinical outcomes following MI.

Effect of Health Information Exchange Plus a Care Transitions Intervention on Post-Hospital Outcomes Among VA Primary Care Patients: a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Health information exchange (HIE) notifications when patients experience cross-system acute care encounters offer an opportunity to provide timely transitions interventions to improve care across systems.

Objective: To compare HIE notification followed by a post-hospital care transitions intervention (CTI) with HIE notification alone.

Design: Cluster-randomized controlled trial with group assignment by primary care team.