The Influence of Universal Face Mask Use on Endophthalmitis Risk after Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Injections.

Purpose: Routine use of face masks for patients and physicians during intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections has increased with the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This study evaluates the impact of universal face mask use on rates and outcomes of post-injection endophthalmitis (PIE).

Design: Retrospective, multicenter, comparative cohort study.

INTRAOCULAR LENS IMBRICATION FOR RECURRENT PUPILLARY CAPTURE AFTER SUTURELESS INTRASCLERAL FIXATION.

Purpose: To demonstrate a novel surgical technique (intraocular lens imbrication) for persistent postoperative pupillary capture after sutureless scleral intraocular lens fixation.

Methods: Case report and supplemental digital content demonstrating salient steps of a novel surgical technique.

Results: The patient did not suffer any further episodes of pupillary capture after intraocular lens imbrication with aforementioned surgical technique five months after the procedure.

REFRACTIVE OUTCOMES AFTER SUTURELESS INTRASCLERAL FIXATION OF INTRAOCULAR LENS WITH PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY.

Purpose: To evaluate the refractive outcomes of sutureless intrascleral fixation of intraocular lens with pars plana vitrectomy.

Method: A retrospective, consecutive cohort from multiple surgeons of a single center. Primary outcomes included spherical equivalent (SEQ) and change in SEQ (ΔSEQ) from preoperative intraocular lens power calculations.

The Presence of Wnt Signaling Mutations in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: The relationship between poor hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) control and risk of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is well known. Nevertheless, some patients have discordant disease (controlled HbA1c and severe PDR or vice versa). One potential explanation for this discrepancy is the presence of underlying genetic mutations in the Wingless-related integration site (Wnt) signaling pathway.

Characterization of Epiretinal Proliferation in Full-Thickness Macular Holes and Effects on Surgical Outcomes.

Purpose: Epiretinal proliferation is a distinct clinical entity from epiretinal membrane that classically is associated with lamellar macular holes, but its prevalence and association with full-thickness macular holes (FTMH) have not been well described. We characterized macular hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (MHEP) and its effects on long-term surgical outcomes.

Design: Multicenter, interventional, retrospective case-control study.

Vessel Tortuosity Cutoff Values Using the Modified ROPtool May Predict Need for Treatment in Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Background And Objective: To quantify vessel tortuosity among infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective study including 61 RetCam images from 33 infants. The laser treatment (LT) group included 17 infants who underwent laser for ROP.

Predictors of Endophthalmitis after Intravitreal Injection: A Multivariable Analysis Based on Injection Protocol and Povidone Iodine Strength.

Purpose: To determine the incidence of endophthalmitis after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy at our institution and to identify potential risk factors for endophthalmitis occurring after injection.

Design: Retrospective, single-center cohort study.

Participants: All patients who received an intravitreal injection of an anti-VEGF medication between January 1, 2014, and March 31, 2017.

27-GAUGE SUTURELESS INTRASCLERAL FIXATION OF INTRAOCULAR LENSES WITH HAPTIC FLANGING: Short-Term Clinical Outcomes and a Disinsertion Force Study.

Purpose: To determine whether haptic flanging during 27-gauge sutureless intrascleral fixation of intraocular lenses (IOLs) increases IOL stability and to report the short-term clinical outcomes of sutureless intrascleral surgery using 27-gauge trocar cannulas with haptic flanging.

Methods: Retrospective surgical case series using live and cadaveric human eyes.

Results: In the cadaveric experiment using five eyes, flanged haptics required more force to dislocate the IOL compared with unflanged haptics (14 ± 4 vs.

Scleral Transillumination With Digital Heads-Up Display: A Novel Technique for Visualization During Vitrectomy Surgery.

Background And Objective: To describe a novel technique of scleral indentation and transillumination for single-surgeon, unassisted vitrectomy and vitreous base shaving enhanced with a digital heads-up display system (NGENUITY 3D Visualization System; Alcon, Fort Worth, TX).

Patients And Methods: This technique was utilized in six eyes of six patients during vitrectomy surgery for common vitreoretinal surgical diagnoses. In each case, the transillumination was performed with the traditional intraocular light pipe set at 100% power, placed obliquely just posterior to the vitreous base insertion, with or without a transillumination adapter.

Outcomes of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Choroidal Neovascularization in Fellow Eyes of Previously Treated Patients With Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Importance: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD) is a leading cause of vision loss. The optimal screening protocol to detect choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in fellow eyes of patients undergoing treatment for unilateral CNV has not been determined.

Objective: To compare the visual outcomes of eyes with established, active nvAMD in index eyes with outcomes of fellow eyes that subsequently developed CNV during the management protocol.

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND COMPREHENSIVE SURGICAL OUTCOMES OF THE SUTURELESS INTRASCLERAL FIXATION OF SECONDARY INTRAOCULAR LENSES IN HUMAN EYES.

Purpose: To describe surgical outcomes and structural characteristics of intraocular lenses (IOLs) implanted with transconjunctival sutureless intrascleral (SIS) fixation in human eyes.

Design: Retrospective interventional surgical case series involving live and cadaveric human eyes.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the surgical outcomes and structural anatomy of secondary IOLs implanted with the SIS technique in human eyes.

Choroidal neovascular membrane in paediatric patients: clinical characteristics and outcomes.

Purpose: To analyse the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVM) in paediatric subjects at three paediatric retina referral centres.

Methods: Medical charts of patients aged 18 years or less with a diagnosis of CNVM were retrospectively reviewed. The demographic profile, laterality, presenting complaint, corrected vision, underlying pathology, fundus, fundus fluorescein angiogram and optical coherence tomogram (OCT) were analysed.

Scleral-Fixated Intraocular Lenses: Past and Present.

Intraocular lenses (IOLs) can have inadequate support for placement in the capsular bag as a result of ocular trauma, metabolic or inherited conditions such as Marfan's syndrome or pseudoexfoliation, or complicated cataract surgery. Surgical options for patients with inadequate capsular support include alternative placement in the anterior chamber (ACIOLs), fixation to the iris, or fixation to the sclera. The surgical techniques for each of these approaches have improved considerably over the last several decades resulting in improved visual and ocular outcomes.

Patient-centered and visual quality outcomes of premium cataract surgery: a systematic review.

Purpose: Over 8 million cataract surgeries are performed in the United States and the European Union annually, with many patients choosing to pay out of pocket for premium options including premium intraocular lens implants (IOLs) or laser-assisted cataract surgery (LACS). This report provides a systematic review evaluating patient-centered and visual quality outcomes comparing standard monofocal IOLs to premium cataract surgery options.

Methods: PubMed and EMBASE were searched for publications published between January 1, 1980, and September 18, 2016, on multifocal, accommodative, and toric IOLs, monovision, and LACS, which reported on 1) dysphotopsias, 2) contrast sensitivity, 3) spectacle independence, 4) vision-related quality of life or patient satisfaction, and 5) IOL exchange.

Ocular Pharmacology for Scleritis: Review of Treatment and a Practical Perspective.

Scleritis is defined as an infectious or noninfectious inflammation of the sclera that can be broadly categorized according to anatomic location (ie, anterior or posterior) and whether the process is necrotizing or non-necrotizing. Treatment for scleritis is dictated by the etiology of the inflammation, with infectious forms requiring treatment of the inciting agent and noninfectious forms requiring treatment of the underlying inflammation with immunosuppression. Pharmacotherapy for noninfectious scleritis can be classified according to delivery route (eg, local or systemic) and mechanism of action (eg, biologic or nonbiologic).

Multi-modal imaging and anatomic classification of the white dot syndromes.

The white dot syndromes (WDS) are a diverse group of posterior uveitidies that share similar clinical findings but are unique from one another. Multimodal imaging has allowed us to better understand the morphology, the activity and age of lesions, and whether there is CNV associated with these different ocular pathologies. The "white dot syndromes" and their uveitic masqueraders can now be anatomically categorized based on lesion localization.

Incidence and Visual Outcomes of Culture-Proven Endophthalmitis Following Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant.

Importance: The rate of endophthalmitis following dexamethasone intravitreal implant (DEX) has varied in large clinical trials. Furthermore, to our knowledge, the optimal management of eyes with endophthalmitis associated with DEX has not been established.

Objective: To report the incidence of culture-proven endophthalmitis in a single vitreoretinal practice over the course of 3 years and describe the clinical outcomes associated with each case of endophthalmitis.

The Effects of Diabetic Retinopathy and Pan-Retinal Photocoagulation on Photoreceptor Cell Function as Assessed by Dark Adaptometry.

Purpose: The pathophysiology of vision loss in persons with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is complex and incompletely defined. We hypothesized that retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and rod and cone photoreceptor dysfunction, as measured by dark adaptometry, would increase with severity of DR, and that pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) would exacerbate this dysfunction.

Methods: Dark adaptation (DA) was measured in subjects with diabetes mellitus and healthy controls.

Impact of diagnosing diabetic complications on future hemoglobin A1c levels.

Aim: To assess how hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values might change following the diagnosis of the first complication from diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: Using a nationwide, longitudinal managed care network claims database (2001-2011), we identified patients with DM who experienced an initial diabetes-related complication. A paired t-test was used to compare average HbA1c levels before the initial complication was first diagnosed to average HbA1c levels following the diagnosis of the complication.

Multimodal characterization of proliferative diabetic retinopathy reveals alterations in outer retinal function and structure.

Purpose: To identify changes in retinal function and structure in persons with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), including the effects of panretinal photocoagulation (PRP).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: Thirty adults who underwent PRP for PDR, 15 adults with untreated PDR, and 15 age-matched controls.