Slipping Away: Slippage in Hazard Ratios Over Datacuts and Its Impact on Immuno-oncology Combination Economic Evaluations.

Objectives: This study examines the impact of slippage in hazard ratios (tending toward the null over subsequent datacuts) for overall survival for combination treatment with a PD-(L)-1 inhibitor and a tyrosine kinase inhibitor in advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: Four trials' Kaplan-Meier curves were digitized over several datacuts and fitted with standard parametric curves. Accuracy and consistency of early data projections were calculated versus observed restricted mean survival time and fitted lifetime survival from the longest follow-up datacut.

Effect of fixed-ratio insulin combinations on adherence in type 2 diabetes: Systematic review.

Aims: To systematically review evidence on the effect of fixed-ratio combinations on adherence in people with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Systematic searches were conducted using MEDLINE and EMBASE in March 2023. Standardised screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were conducted.

An Analysis of Uncertainties and Data Collection Agreements in the Cancer Drugs Fund.

Background: Managed Access Agreements (MAAs) are a commercial arrangement that provide patients earlier access to innovative health technologies while uncertainties in the evidence base are resolved through data collection. In the UK, data collection agreements (DCAs) outline the evidence that will be collected during the MAA period and are intended to resolve uncertainties in the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of a technology sufficient for the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) committee to make a final decision on reimbursement.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the primary uncertainties leading to a recommendation for entry to the Cancer Drugs Fund (CDF) and evaluate how the corresponding DCAs attempt to address these.

A realist synthesis to develop an explanatory model of how policy instruments impact child and maternal health outcomes.

Background: Child and maternal health, a key marker of overall health system performance, is a policy priority area by the World Health Organization and the United Nations, including the Sustainable Development Goals. Previous realist work has linked child and maternal health outcomes to globalization, political tradition, and the welfare state. It is important to explore the role of other key policy-related factors.

An evaluation of managed access agreements in England based on stakeholder experience.

Objectives: The objective of this research was to evaluate managed access policy in England, drawing upon the expertise of a range of stakeholders involved in its implementation.

Methods: Seven focus groups were conducted with payer and health technology assessment representatives, clinicians, and representatives from industry and patient/carer organizations within England. Transcripts were analyzed using framework analysis to identify stakeholders' views on the successes and challenges of managed access policy.

Early access schemes for innovative health technologies: the views of international stakeholders.

Objectives: Early access schemes (EASs) are approaches used by payers to balance and facilitate earlier patient access to innovative health technologies while evidence generation is ongoing. Schemes require investment from payers and are associated with significant risk since not all technologies will be routinely reimbursed. The purpose of this study was to gain the perspectives of policy experts about the key challenges for EASs and potential solutions for their optimal design and implementation.

Group-based active artistic interventions for adults with primary anxiety and depression: a systematic review.

Objectives: This systematic review examined the potential benefit of all group-based performing arts interventions for primary anxiety and/or depression.

Setting: Scholarly literature from any country or countries globally.

Data Sources: Three key bibliographic databases, Google Scholar and relevant citation chasing.

Linking political exposures to child and maternal health outcomes: a realist review.

Background: Conceptual and theoretical links between politics and public health are longstanding. Internationally comparative systematic review evidence has shown links between four key political exposures - the welfare state, political tradition, democracy and globalisation - on population health outcomes. However, the pathways through which these influences may operate have not been systematically appraised.

A systematic review of active group-based dance, singing, music therapy and theatrical interventions for quality of life, functional communication, speech, motor function and cognitive status in people with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative condition associated with a wide range of motor and non-motor symptoms. There has been increasing interest in the potential benefit of performing arts as a therapeutic medium in PD. While there have been previous reviews, none have considered all performing arts modalities and most have focused on dance.

Persons with chronic widespread pain experience excess mortality: longitudinal results from UK Biobank and meta-analysis.

Objective: It is uncertain whether persons with chronic widespread pain (CWP) experience premature mortality. Using the largest study conducted, we determine whether such a relationship exists, estimate its magnitude and establish what factors mediate any relationship.

Methods: UK Biobank, a cohort study of 0.

Co-Occurrence and Characteristics of Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis Who Meet Criteria for Fibromyalgia: Results From a UK National Register.

Objective: To estimate the proportion of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) in a UK national biologics registry who met criteria for fibromyalgia (FM), and to delineate the characteristics of these patients.

Methods: Two cohorts of patients are prospectively recruited from across 83 centers in the UK for the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register in Ankylosing Spondylitis (BSRBR-AS). All patients are required to meet Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) criteria for axial SpA.

Speech and communication in Parkinson's disease: a cross-sectional exploratory study in the UK.

Objective: To assess associations between cognitive status, intelligibility, acoustics and functional communication in PD.

Design: Cross-sectional exploratory study of functional communication, including a within-participants experimental design for listener assessment.

Setting: A major academic medical centre in the East of England, UK.

The value of pragmatic and observational studies in health care and public health.

Evidence-based practice is an important component of health care service delivery. However, there is a tendency, embodied in tools such as Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation, to focus principally on the classification of study design, at the expense of a detailed assessment of the strengths and limitations of the individual study. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and in particular the classical "explanatory" RCT, have a privileged place in the hierarchy of evidence.

Changes in the relationship between asthma and associated risk factors over fifty years.

Background: Childhood asthma is a common condition whose prevalence is changing. We hypothesized that the relationship between asthma and associated risk factors has changed over a 50-year period.

Methods: An ecological study design was used.

Potential Benefit of Singing for People with Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.

Background: There is evidence that participation in performing arts brings psychosocial benefits in the general population and in recent years there has been substantial interest in the potential therapeutic benefit of performing arts, including singing, for people with chronic medical conditions including those of neurological aetiology.

Objective: To systematically review the existing body of evidence regarding the potential benefit of singing on clinical outcomes of people with PD.

Methods: Seven online bibliographic databases were systematically searched in January 2016 and supplementary searches were conducted.

Roles of Cognitive Status and Intelligibility in Everyday Communication in People with Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.

Background: Communication is fundamental to human interaction and the development and maintenance of human relationships and is frequently affected in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, research and clinical practice have both tended to focus on impairment rather than participation aspects of communicative deficit in PD. In contrast, people with PD have reported that it is these participation aspects of communication that are of greatest concern to them rather than physical speech impairment.

High-heeled shoes and musculoskeletal injuries: a narrative systematic review.

Objectives: To conduct the first systematic review from an epidemiological perspective regarding the association between high-heeled shoe wear and hallux valgus, musculoskeletal pain, osteoarthritis (OA) and both first-party and second-party injury in human participants without prior musculoskeletal conditions.

Setting: A systematic review of international peer-reviewed scientific literature across seven major languages.

Data Sources: Searches were conducted on seven major bibliographic databases in July 2015 to initially identify all scholarly articles on high-heeled shoes.

The British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Registers in Ankylosing Spondylitis (BSRBR-AS) study: Protocol for a prospective cohort study of the long-term safety and quality of life outcomes of biologic treatment.

Background: Axial spondyloarthropathy typically has its onset in early adulthood and can impact significantly on quality of life. In the UK, biologic anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy is recommended for patients who are unresponsive to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. There remain several unresolved issues about the long-term safety and quality of life outcomes of biologic treatment in axial spondyloarthropathy.

Diverging prevalences and different risk factors for childhood asthma and eczema: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To compare the prevalences of and risk factors for asthma, wheeze, hay fever and eczema in primary schoolchildren in Aberdeen in 2014.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Primary schools in Aberdeen, North-East Scotland.