Finding Pure Sub-Models for Improved Differentiation of Bi-Factor and Second-Order Models.

Several studies have indicated that bi-factor models fit a broad range of psychometric data better than alternative multidimensional models such as second-order models, e.g Rodriguez, Reise and Haviland (2016), Gignac (2016), and Carnivez (2016). Murray and Johnson (2013) and Gignac (2016) argue that this phenomenon is partially due to un-modeled complexities (e.